The US Core Simple Observation sets minimum expectations for the Observation resource to record, search, and fetch Observations on issues or items that might effect the Caregiver’s ability to provide care. It identifies which core elements, extensions, vocabularies and value sets SHALL be present in the resource when using this profile. The focus is on a caregiver who is identified as part of the care team within the required focus.reference, a US CORE RelatedPerson identified as the target of the Caregiver slice of the MCC Care Team profile.

Some clinical examples are:

• The caregiver has back pain
• The caregiver cannot lift more than 10 pounds
• The caregiver has developed Long Covid
• The caregiver has cognitive challenges

The project team is aware that it is unlikely that health information about the caregiver is present in the patient’s EHR, but would like industry input as to whether this assumption is correct and if this important information may be captured in the future.

In addition to the requirements set forth in the Observation Resource, this derived profile is designed to add requirements to the following elements:

• MCCCaregiverConsiderationsObservation.extension:resource-pertainsToGoal (Must Support) to encourage linking to the goal
• MCCCaregiverConsiderationsObservation.category: requires LOINC code 81380-8 (Goals, preferences, and priorities for care experience)
• MCCCaregiverConsiderationsObservation.focus: requires focus.reference to a person via US Core RelatedPerson. This person is assumed to be a participant in the CareTeam and is the target of the Caregiver slice of the MCC Care Team profile.

Comments are welcome with respect to the pragmatic use of the “Must Support” rules defined on these elements.

• Differential Table
• Key Elements Table
• Snapshot Table
• Statistics/References
• All

This structure is derived from USCoreSimpleObservationProfile

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation		0..*	USCoreSimpleObservationProfile	assessment observation
Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
resource-pertainsToGoal	S	0..*	Reference(Goal)	The resource-pertainsToGoal relates the resource to the goal(s) that pertain to it. Whenever there is a goal associated with a health concern or problem, this extension should be present and populated in activity (event or intent) resources. URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/resource-pertainsToGoal
status	S	1..1	code	(USCDI) registered | preliminary | final | amended +
Slices for category	S	1..*	CodeableConcept	Caregiver considerations Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
category:caregiver-concerns		1..1	CodeableConcept	Caregiver well being status Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 405193005
code	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	(USCDI) Type of observation (code / type) Binding: Problem Type (LOINC) (preferred): Problem Type
subject	S	1..1	Reference(US Core Patient Profile)	(USCDI) Who and/or what the observation is about
focus	S	1..1	Reference(US Core RelatedPerson Profile)	caregiver
effective[x]	SC	0..1		(USCDI) Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effectiveDateTime			dateTime S
effectivePeriod			Period
effectiveTiming			Timing
effectiveInstant			instant
performer	S	0..*	Reference(US Core Practitioner Profile | US Core Organization Profile | US Core Patient Profile | PractitionerRole | US Core CareTeam Profile | US Core RelatedPerson Profile)	(USCDI) Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]	S	1..1	CodeableConcept S	(USCDI) Actual result Binding: US Core Condition Codes (extensible): US Core Condition Codes
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation, including detail on the effect the issue has on the caregiver's ability to provide patient care
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path	Conformance	ValueSet
Observation.code	preferred	ProblemTypeLOINC
Observation.value[x]	extensible	USCoreConditionCodes

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	USCoreSimpleObservationProfile	assessment observation
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
resource-pertainsToGoal	S	0..*	Reference(Goal)	The resource-pertainsToGoal relates the resource to the goal(s) that pertain to it. Whenever there is a goal associated with a health concern or problem, this extension should be present and populated in activity (event or intent) resources. URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/resource-pertainsToGoal
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	(USCDI) registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
Slices for category	S	1..*	CodeableConcept	Caregiver considerations Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:us-core	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	(USCDI) Classification of type of observation Binding: US Core Simple Observation Category (required): Note that other codes are permitted, see Required Bindings When Slicing by Value Sets
category:caregiver-concerns	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Caregiver well being status Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 405193005
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	(USCDI) Type of observation (code / type) Binding: Problem Type (LOINC) (preferred): Problem Type
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(US Core Patient Profile)	(USCDI) Who and/or what the observation is about
focus	SΣ	1..1	Reference(US Core RelatedPerson Profile)	caregiver
effective[x]	SΣC	0..1		(USCDI) Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
performer	SΣ	0..*	Reference(US Core Practitioner Profile | US Core Organization Profile | US Core Patient Profile | PractitionerRole | US Core CareTeam Profile | US Core RelatedPerson Profile)	(USCDI) Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]	SΣC	1..1	CodeableConcept	(USCDI) Actual result Binding: US Core Condition Codes (extensible): US Core Condition Codes
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation, including detail on the effect the issue has on the caregiver's ability to provide patient care
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes
Observation.category:us-core	required	USCoreSimpleObservationCategory
Observation.category:caregiver-concerns	preferred	Pattern: SNOMED CT code 405193005
Observation.code	preferred	ProblemTypeLOINC
Observation.value[x]	extensible	USCoreConditionCodes

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	USCoreSimpleObservationProfile	assessment observation
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
resource-pertainsToGoal	S	0..*	Reference(Goal)	The resource-pertainsToGoal relates the resource to the goal(s) that pertain to it. Whenever there is a goal associated with a health concern or problem, this extension should be present and populated in activity (event or intent) resources. URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/resource-pertainsToGoal
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	(USCDI) registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
Slices for category	S	1..*	CodeableConcept	Caregiver considerations Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:us-core	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	(USCDI) Classification of type of observation Binding: US Core Simple Observation Category (required): Note that other codes are permitted, see Required Bindings When Slicing by Value Sets
category:caregiver-concerns	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Caregiver well being status Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 405193005
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	(USCDI) Type of observation (code / type) Binding: Problem Type (LOINC) (preferred): Problem Type
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(US Core Patient Profile)	(USCDI) Who and/or what the observation is about
focus	SΣ	1..1	Reference(US Core RelatedPerson Profile)	caregiver
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference(Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
effective[x]	SΣC	0..1		(USCDI) Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effectiveDateTime			dateTime S
effectivePeriod			Period
effectiveTiming			Timing
effectiveInstant			instant
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	SΣ	0..*	Reference(US Core Practitioner Profile | US Core Organization Profile | US Core Patient Profile | PractitionerRole | US Core CareTeam Profile | US Core RelatedPerson Profile)	(USCDI) Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]	SΣC	1..1	CodeableConcept S	(USCDI) Actual result Binding: US Core Condition Codes (extensible): US Core Condition Codes
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation, including detail on the effect the issue has on the caregiver's ability to provide patient care
bodySite		0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method		0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
specimen		0..1	Reference(Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
device		0..1	Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)	(Measurement) Device
referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text		0..1	string	Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(Observation | US Core DocumentReference Profile | US Core QuestionnaireResponse Profile | ImagingStudy | Media | MolecularSequence)	(USCDI) US Core Profiles or other resource the observation is made from
component	Σ	0..*	BackboneElement	Component results
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
value[x]	Σ	0..1		Actual component result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code
Observation.language	preferred	CommonLanguages Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes
Observation.category:us-core	required	USCoreSimpleObservationCategory
Observation.category:caregiver-concerns	preferred	Pattern: SNOMED CT code 405193005
Observation.code	preferred	ProblemTypeLOINC
Observation.value[x]	extensible	USCoreConditionCodes
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures
Observation.method	example	ObservationMethods
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes
Observation.component.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()

Differential View

This structure is derived from USCoreSimpleObservationProfile

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation		0..*	USCoreSimpleObservationProfile	assessment observation
Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
resource-pertainsToGoal	S	0..*	Reference(Goal)	The resource-pertainsToGoal relates the resource to the goal(s) that pertain to it. Whenever there is a goal associated with a health concern or problem, this extension should be present and populated in activity (event or intent) resources. URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/resource-pertainsToGoal
status	S	1..1	code	(USCDI) registered | preliminary | final | amended +
Slices for category	S	1..*	CodeableConcept	Caregiver considerations Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this
category:caregiver-concerns		1..1	CodeableConcept	Caregiver well being status Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 405193005
code	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	(USCDI) Type of observation (code / type) Binding: Problem Type (LOINC) (preferred): Problem Type
subject	S	1..1	Reference(US Core Patient Profile)	(USCDI) Who and/or what the observation is about
focus	S	1..1	Reference(US Core RelatedPerson Profile)	caregiver
effective[x]	SC	0..1		(USCDI) Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effectiveDateTime			dateTime S
effectivePeriod			Period
effectiveTiming			Timing
effectiveInstant			instant
performer	S	0..*	Reference(US Core Practitioner Profile | US Core Organization Profile | US Core Patient Profile | PractitionerRole | US Core CareTeam Profile | US Core RelatedPerson Profile)	(USCDI) Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]	S	1..1	CodeableConcept S	(USCDI) Actual result Binding: US Core Condition Codes (extensible): US Core Condition Codes
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation, including detail on the effect the issue has on the caregiver's ability to provide patient care
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings (Differential)

Path	Conformance	ValueSet
Observation.code	preferred	ProblemTypeLOINC
Observation.value[x]	extensible	USCoreConditionCodes

Key Elements View

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	USCoreSimpleObservationProfile	assessment observation
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
resource-pertainsToGoal	S	0..*	Reference(Goal)	The resource-pertainsToGoal relates the resource to the goal(s) that pertain to it. Whenever there is a goal associated with a health concern or problem, this extension should be present and populated in activity (event or intent) resources. URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/resource-pertainsToGoal
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	(USCDI) registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
Slices for category	S	1..*	CodeableConcept	Caregiver considerations Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:us-core	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	(USCDI) Classification of type of observation Binding: US Core Simple Observation Category (required): Note that other codes are permitted, see Required Bindings When Slicing by Value Sets
category:caregiver-concerns	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Caregiver well being status Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 405193005
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	(USCDI) Type of observation (code / type) Binding: Problem Type (LOINC) (preferred): Problem Type
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(US Core Patient Profile)	(USCDI) Who and/or what the observation is about
focus	SΣ	1..1	Reference(US Core RelatedPerson Profile)	caregiver
effective[x]	SΣC	0..1		(USCDI) Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
performer	SΣ	0..*	Reference(US Core Practitioner Profile | US Core Organization Profile | US Core Patient Profile | PractitionerRole | US Core CareTeam Profile | US Core RelatedPerson Profile)	(USCDI) Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]	SΣC	1..1	CodeableConcept	(USCDI) Actual result Binding: US Core Condition Codes (extensible): US Core Condition Codes
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation, including detail on the effect the issue has on the caregiver's ability to provide patient care
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes
Observation.category:us-core	required	USCoreSimpleObservationCategory
Observation.category:caregiver-concerns	preferred	Pattern: SNOMED CT code 405193005
Observation.code	preferred	ProblemTypeLOINC
Observation.value[x]	extensible	USCoreConditionCodes

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
dom-2	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources : contained.contained.empty()
dom-3	error	Observation	If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource : contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()
dom-4	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated : contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()
dom-5	error	Observation	If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label : contained.meta.security.empty()
dom-6	best practice	Observation	A resource should have narrative for robust management : text.`div`.exists()
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-6	error	Observation	dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present : dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()
obs-7	error	Observation	If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present : value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()

Snapshot View

Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	C	0..*	USCoreSimpleObservationProfile	assessment observation
id	Σ	0..1	id	Logical id of this artifact
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	Metadata about the resource
implicitRules	?!Σ	0..1	uri	A set of rules under which this content was created
language		0..1	code	Language of the resource content Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred): A human language. Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
text		0..1	Narrative	Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation
contained		0..*	Resource	Contained, inline Resources
Slices for extension		0..*	Extension	Extension Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
resource-pertainsToGoal	S	0..*	Reference(Goal)	The resource-pertainsToGoal relates the resource to the goal(s) that pertain to it. Whenever there is a goal associated with a health concern or problem, this extension should be present and populated in activity (event or intent) resources. URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/resource-pertainsToGoal
modifierExtension	?!	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored
identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	?!SΣ	1..1	code	(USCDI) registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: ObservationStatus (required): Codes providing the status of an observation.
Slices for category	S	1..*	CodeableConcept	Caregiver considerations Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:$this Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.
category:us-core	S	0..*	CodeableConcept	(USCDI) Classification of type of observation Binding: US Core Simple Observation Category (required): Note that other codes are permitted, see Required Bindings When Slicing by Value Sets
category:caregiver-concerns	S	1..1	CodeableConcept	Caregiver well being status Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories. Required Pattern: At least the following
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
coding		1..*	Coding	Code defined by a terminology system Fixed Value: (complex)
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
system		1..1	uri	Identity of the terminology system Fixed Value: http://snomed.info/sct
version		0..1	string	Version of the system - if relevant
code		1..1	code	Symbol in syntax defined by the system Fixed Value: 405193005
display		0..1	string	Representation defined by the system
userSelected		0..1	boolean	If this coding was chosen directly by the user
text		0..1	string	Plain text representation of the concept
code	SΣ	1..1	CodeableConcept	(USCDI) Type of observation (code / type) Binding: Problem Type (LOINC) (preferred): Problem Type
subject	SΣ	1..1	Reference(US Core Patient Profile)	(USCDI) Who and/or what the observation is about
focus	SΣ	1..1	Reference(US Core RelatedPerson Profile)	caregiver
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference(Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
effective[x]	SΣC	0..1		(USCDI) Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effectiveDateTime			dateTime S
effectivePeriod			Period
effectiveTiming			Timing
effectiveInstant			instant
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	SΣ	0..*	Reference(US Core Practitioner Profile | US Core Organization Profile | US Core Patient Profile | PractitionerRole | US Core CareTeam Profile | US Core RelatedPerson Profile)	(USCDI) Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]	SΣC	1..1	CodeableConcept S	(USCDI) Actual result Binding: US Core Condition Codes (extensible): US Core Condition Codes
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation, including detail on the effect the issue has on the caregiver's ability to provide patient care
bodySite		0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.
method		0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.
specimen		0..1	Reference(Specimen)	Specimen used for this observation
device		0..1	Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)	(Measurement) Device
referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
type		0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text		0..1	string	Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference(Observation | US Core DocumentReference Profile | US Core QuestionnaireResponse Profile | ImagingStudy | Media | MolecularSequence)	(USCDI) US Core Profiles or other resource the observation is made from
component	Σ	0..*	BackboneElement	Component results
id		0..1	string	Unique id for inter-element referencing
extension		0..*	Extension	Additional content defined by implementations
modifierExtension	?!Σ	0..*	Extension	Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
code	Σ	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINCCodes (example): Codes identifying names of simple observations.
value[x]	Σ	0..1		Actual component result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc. Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.
referenceRange		0..*	See referenceRange (Observation)	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

Path	Conformance	ValueSet / Code
Observation.language	preferred	CommonLanguages Additional Bindings Purpose AllLanguages Max Binding
Observation.status	required	ObservationStatus
Observation.category	preferred	ObservationCategoryCodes
Observation.category:us-core	required	USCoreSimpleObservationCategory
Observation.category:caregiver-concerns	preferred	Pattern: SNOMED CT code 405193005
Observation.code	preferred	ProblemTypeLOINC
Observation.value[x]	extensible	USCoreConditionCodes
Observation.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes
Observation.bodySite	example	SNOMEDCTBodyStructures
Observation.method	example	ObservationMethods
Observation.referenceRange.type	preferred	ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes
Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo	example	ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes
Observation.component.code	example	LOINCCodes (a valid code from LOINC)
Observation.component.dataAbsentReason	extensible	DataAbsentReason
Observation.component.interpretation	extensible	ObservationInterpretationCodes

Constraints

Id	Grade	Path(s)	Details	Requirements
ele-1	error	**ALL** elements	All FHIR elements must have a @value or children : hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1	error	**ALL** extensions	Must have either extensions or value[x], not both : extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-3	error	Observation.referenceRange	Must have at least a low or a high or text : low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()

This structure is derived from USCoreSimpleObservationProfile

Summary

Mandatory: 5 elements
Must-Support: 9 elements

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

• US Core Patient Profile (http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/StructureDefinition/us-core-patient)
• US Core RelatedPerson Profile (http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/StructureDefinition/us-core-relatedperson)
• US Core Practitioner Profile (http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/StructureDefinition/us-core-practitioner)
• US Core Organization Profile (http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/StructureDefinition/us-core-organization)
• US Core CareTeam Profile (http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/StructureDefinition/us-core-careteam)

Extensions

This structure refers to these extensions:

• http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/resource-pertainsToGoal

Slices

This structure defines the following Slices:

• The element Observation.category is sliced based on the value of pattern:$this