This page is part of the Genetic Reporting Implementation Guide (v1.0.0: STU 1) based on FHIR R4. The current version which supercedes this version is 2.0.0. For a full list of available versions, see the Directory of published versions
Definitions for the variant Profile.
1. Observation | |
Definition | Details about a set of changes in the tested sample compared to a reference sequence. |
Control | 0..* |
Alternate Names | Vital Signs, Measurement, Results, Tests |
Comments | This change can be simple/discrete (relatively short), structural (potentially very large), or complex (consisting of multiple independent co-occurring variations). |
Invariants | Defined on this element dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (: contained.contained.empty()) dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (: contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()) dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (: contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()) dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (: contained.meta.security.empty()) dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (: text.`div`.exists()) obs-6: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present (: dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()) obs-7: If Observation.code is the same as an Observation.component.code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present (: value.empty() or component.code.where(coding.intersect(%resource.code.coding).exists()).empty()) |
2. Observation.id | |
Definition | The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
Comments | The only time that a resource does not have an id is when it is being submitted to the server using a create operation. |
3. Observation.meta | |
Definition | The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content might not always be associated with version changes to the resource. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | Meta |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
4. Observation.implicitRules | |
Definition | A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | uri |
Is Modifier | true |
Comments | Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
5. Observation.language | |
Definition | The base language in which the resource is written. |
Control | 0..1 |
Binding | A human language. The codes SHOULD be taken from CommonLanguages Max Binding: AllLanguages |
Type | code |
Comments | Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute). |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
6. Observation.text | |
Definition | A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource and can be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | Narrative |
Alternate Names | narrative, html, xhtml, display |
Comments | Contained resources do not have narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied). This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a "text blob" or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded information is added later. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
7. Observation.contained | |
Definition | These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, and nor can they have their own independent transaction scope. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Resource |
Alternate Names | inline resources, anonymous resources, contained resources |
Comments | This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags In their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels. |
8. Observation.extension | |
Definition | An Extension |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
Slicing | This element introduces a set of slices on Observation.extension. The slices are unordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
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9. Observation.extension:BodyStructure | |
SliceName | BodyStructure |
Definition | Allows associating observations to a particular portion of the patient - a fetus, a tumor, a lesion, etc. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1 |
Type | Extension(BodyStructure Reference) (Extension Type: Reference(BodyStructure)) |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
10. Observation.extension:SecondaryFinding | |
SliceName | SecondaryFinding |
Definition | Allows flagging observations that should be considered secondary findings. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1 |
Type | Extension(secondaryFinding) (Extension Type: CodeableConcept) |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
11. Observation.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
12. Observation.identifier | |
Definition | A unique identifier assigned to this observation. |
Note | This is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion) |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Identifier |
Requirements | Allows observations to be distinguished and referenced. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
13. Observation.basedOn | |
Definition | A plan, proposal or order that is fulfilled in whole or in part by this event. For example, a MedicationRequest may require a patient to have laboratory test performed before it is dispensed. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest) |
Requirements | Allows tracing of authorization for the event and tracking whether proposals/recommendations were acted upon. |
Alternate Names | Fulfills |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
14. Observation.partOf | |
Definition | A larger event of which this particular Observation is a component or step. For example, an observation as part of a procedure. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy) |
Alternate Names | Container |
Comments | To link an Observation to an Encounter use |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
15. Observation.status | |
Definition | The status of the result value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes providing the status of an observation. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationStatus |
Type | code |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Need to track the status of individual results. Some results are finalized before the whole report is finalized. |
Comments | … This should generally be 'completed' or 'revised'. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
16. Observation.category | |
Definition | A code that classifies the general type of observation being made. |
Control | 1..* |
Binding | Codes for high level observation categories. The codes SHOULD be taken from ObservationCategoryCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Used for filtering what observations are retrieved and displayed. |
Comments | … This should be populated with 'lab'. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category"/> <code value="laboratory"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
17. Observation.code | |
Definition | Where testing scenarios are intended to assess the prescence or absence of a known set of DNA variants (e.g. tumor profiling using genotyping technology), then the Genetic Variant Assessment is used in conjunction with answer list supports structured communication of these findings. Of note, 'No Call' is different from 'Absent', because 'No Call' did not result in the determination of the marker's presents or absents. This may be due to test failure or specimen specific context which renders the test ineffective. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Alternate Names | Name |
Comments | All code-value and, if present, component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="69548-6"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
18. Observation.subject | |
Definition | The patient, or group of patients, location, or device this observation is about and into whose record the observation is placed. If the actual focus of the observation is different from the subject (or a sample of, part, or region of the subject), the |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | Reference(Patient | Group | Location) |
Requirements | Observations have no value if you don't know who or what they're about. |
Comments | … This must be the same patient as on the DiagnosticReport unless combining data from multiple fetuses or family members in a single report. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
19. Observation.focus | |
Definition | The actual focus of an observation when it is not the patient of record representing something or someone associated with the patient such as a spouse, parent, fetus, or donor. For example, fetus observations in a mother's record. The focus of an observation could also be an existing condition, an intervention, the subject's diet, another observation of the subject, or a body structure such as tumor or implanted device. An example use case would be using the Observation resource to capture whether the mother is trained to change her child's tracheostomy tube. In this example, the child is the patient of record and the mother is the focus. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Reference(Resource) |
Comments | Typically, an observation is made about the subject - a patient, or group of patients, location, or device - and the distinction between the subject and what is directly measured for an observation is specified in the observation code itself ( e.g., "Blood Glucose") and does not need to be represented separately using this element. Use |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
20. Observation.encounter | |
Definition | The healthcare event (e.g. a patient and healthcare provider interaction) during which this observation is made. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | Reference(Encounter) |
Requirements | For some observations it may be important to know the link between an observation and a particular encounter. |
Alternate Names | Context |
Comments | This will typically be the encounter the event occurred within, but some events may be initiated prior to or after the official completion of an encounter but still be tied to the context of the encounter (e.g. pre-admission laboratory tests). |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
21. Observation.effective[x] | |
Definition | The time or time-period the observed value is asserted as being true. For biological subjects - e.g. human patients - this is usually called the "physiologically relevant time". This is usually either the time of the procedure or of specimen collection, but very often the source of the date/time is not known, only the date/time itself. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | dateTime |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | Knowing when an observation was deemed true is important to its relevance as well as determining trends. |
Alternate Names | Occurrence |
Comments | At least a date should be present unless this observation is a historical report. For recording imprecise or "fuzzy" times (For example, a blood glucose measurement taken "after breakfast") use the Timing datatype which allow the measurement to be tied to regular life events. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
Slicing | This element introduces a set of slices on Observation.effective[x]. The slices are unordered and Closed, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
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22. Observation.effective[x]:effectiveDateTime | |
SliceName | effectiveDateTime |
Definition | The time or time-period the observed value is asserted as being true. For biological subjects - e.g. human patients - this is usually called the "physiologically relevant time". This is usually either the time of the procedure or of specimen collection, but very often the source of the date/time is not known, only the date/time itself. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | dateTime |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | Knowing when an observation was deemed true is important to its relevance as well as determining trends. |
Alternate Names | Occurrence |
Comments | At least a date should be present unless this observation is a historical report. For recording imprecise or "fuzzy" times (For example, a blood glucose measurement taken "after breakfast") use the Timing datatype which allow the measurement to be tied to regular life events. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
23. Observation.issued | |
Definition | The date and time this version of the observation was made available to providers, typically after the results have been reviewed and verified. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | instant |
Comments | For Observations that don’t require review and verification, it may be the same as the |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
24. Observation.performer | |
Definition | Who was responsible for asserting the observed value as "true". |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | Reference(Practitioner | Organization | Patient | RelatedPerson) |
Requirements | May give a degree of confidence in the observation and also indicates where follow-up questions should be directed. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
25. Observation.value[x] | |
Definition | Indicates whether the indicated variation was found or not. |
Control | 1..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-7 |
Binding | Genetic Variant Assessment The codes SHALL be taken from LOINC Answer List LL1971-2 |
Type | CodeableConcept |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | If not searching for specific variations and merely reporting what's found, this element should be set to "Present". |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
26. Observation.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | Null or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "specimen unsatisfactory". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Note that an observation may only be reported if there are values to report. For example differential cell counts values may be reported only when > 0. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for null or exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
27. Observation.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
28. Observation.note | |
Definition | Comments about the observation or the results. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Annotation |
Requirements | Need to be able to provide free text additional information. |
Comments | May include general statements about the observation, or statements about significant, unexpected or unreliable results values, or information about its source when relevant to its interpretation. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
29. Observation.bodySite | |
Definition | Indicates the site on the subject's body where the observation was made (i.e. the target site). |
Control | 0..1 |
Binding | Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality. For example codes, see SNOMEDCTBodyStructures |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Comments | Only used if not implicit in code found in Observation.code. In many systems, this may be represented as a related observation instead of an inline component. If the use case requires BodySite to be handled as a separate resource (e.g. to identify and track separately) then use the standard extension bodySite. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
30. Observation.method | |
Definition | Indicates the method of variant analysis. |
Control | 0..1 |
Binding | Variant analysis method type The codes SHALL be taken from LOINC Answer List LL4048-6; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | In some cases, method can impact results and is thus used for determining whether results can be compared or determining significance of results. |
Comments | Only used if not implicit in code for Observation.code. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
31. Observation.specimen | |
Definition | The specimen examined to determine genetic information. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | Reference(Specimen) |
Comments | Should only be used if not implicit in code found in |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
32. Observation.device | |
Definition | The device used to generate the observation data. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | Reference(Device | DeviceMetric) |
Comments | Note that this is not meant to represent a device involved in the transmission of the result, e.g., a gateway. Such devices may be documented using the Provenance resource where relevant. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
33. Observation.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. Multiple reference ranges are interpreted as an "OR". In other words, to represent two distinct target populations, two |
Control | 0..* |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text (: low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()) |
34. Observation.referenceRange.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
35. Observation.referenceRange.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
36. Observation.referenceRange.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
37. Observation.referenceRange.low | |
Definition | The value of the low bound of the reference range. The low bound of the reference range endpoint is inclusive of the value (e.g. reference range is >=5 - <=9). If the low bound is omitted, it is assumed to be meaningless (e.g. reference range is <=2.3). |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-3 |
Type | Quantity(SimpleQuantity) |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
38. Observation.referenceRange.high | |
Definition | The value of the high bound of the reference range. The high bound of the reference range endpoint is inclusive of the value (e.g. reference range is >=5 - <=9). If the high bound is omitted, it is assumed to be meaningless (e.g. reference range is >= 2.3). |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-3 |
Type | Quantity(SimpleQuantity) |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
39. Observation.referenceRange.type | |
Definition | Codes to indicate the what part of the targeted reference population it applies to. For example, the normal or therapeutic range. |
Control | 0..1 |
Binding | Code for the meaning of a reference range. The codes SHOULD be taken from ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Need to be able to say what kind of reference range this is - normal, recommended, therapeutic, etc., - for proper interpretation. |
Comments | This SHOULD be populated if there is more than one range. If this element is not present then the normal range is assumed. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
40. Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo | |
Definition | Codes to indicate the target population this reference range applies to. For example, a reference range may be based on the normal population or a particular sex or race. Multiple |
Control | 0..* |
Binding | Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to. For example codes, see ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Need to be able to identify the target population for proper interpretation. |
Comments | This SHOULD be populated if there is more than one range. If this element is not present then the normal population is assumed. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
41. Observation.referenceRange.age | |
Definition | The age at which this reference range is applicable. This is a neonatal age (e.g. number of weeks at term) if the meaning says so. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | Range |
Requirements | Some analytes vary greatly over age. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
42. Observation.referenceRange.text | |
Definition | Text based reference range in an observation which may be used when a quantitative range is not appropriate for an observation. An example would be a reference value of "Negative" or a list or table of "normals". |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
43. Observation.hasMember | |
Definition | This observation is a group observation (e.g. a battery, a panel of tests, a set of vital sign measurements) that includes the target as a member of the group. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Reference(Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence) |
Comments | When using this element, an observation will typically have either a value or a set of related resources, although both may be present in some cases. For a discussion on the ways Observations can assembled in groups together, see Notes below. Note that a system may calculate results from QuestionnaireResponse into a final score and represent the score as an Observation. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
44. Observation.derivedFrom | |
Definition | The target resource that represents a measurement from which this observation value is derived. For example, a calculated anion gap or a fetal measurement based on an ultrasound image. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence) |
Comments | All the reference choices that are listed in this element can represent clinical observations and other measurements that may be the source for a derived value. The most common reference will be another Observation. For a discussion on the ways Observations can assembled in groups together, see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
45. Observation.component | |
Definition | Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
Slicing | This element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component. The slices are unordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
|
46. Observation.component.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
47. Observation.component.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
48. Observation.component.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
49. Observation.component.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
50. Observation.component.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | Choice of: Quantity, CodeableConcept, string, boolean, integer, Range, Ratio, SampledData, time, dateTime, Period |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
51. Observation.component.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
52. Observation.component.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
53. Observation.component.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
54. Observation.component:gene-studied | |
SliceName | gene-studied |
Definition | HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) identifier for a gene. List the gene(s) examined in full or in part by the study. If the study addresses multiple genes, these can be recorded in multiple gene studied components . The required coding will use the HGNC gene symbol as the display text and HGNC gene ID as the code. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
55. Observation.component:gene-studied.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
56. Observation.component:gene-studied.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
57. Observation.component:gene-studied.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
58. Observation.component:gene-studied.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="48018-6"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
59. Observation.component:gene-studied.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | HGNC: Human Gene Nomenclature Committee The codes SHALL be taken from HGNC; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
60. Observation.component:gene-studied.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
61. Observation.component:gene-studied.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
62. Observation.component:gene-studied.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
63. Observation.component:cytogenetic-location | |
SliceName | cytogenetic-location |
Definition | Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
64. Observation.component:cytogenetic-location.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
65. Observation.component:cytogenetic-location.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
66. Observation.component:cytogenetic-location.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
67. Observation.component:cytogenetic-location.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="48001-2"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
68. Observation.component:cytogenetic-location.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Binding not yet defined |
Type | CodeableConcept |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
69. Observation.component:cytogenetic-location.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
70. Observation.component:cytogenetic-location.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
71. Observation.component:cytogenetic-location.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
72. Observation.component:ref-sequence-assembly | |
SliceName | ref-sequence-assembly |
Definition | Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
73. Observation.component:ref-sequence-assembly.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
74. Observation.component:ref-sequence-assembly.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
75. Observation.component:ref-sequence-assembly.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
76. Observation.component:ref-sequence-assembly.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="62374-4"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
77. Observation.component:ref-sequence-assembly.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Human reference sequence NCBI build IDs The codes SHALL be taken from LOINC Answer List LL1040-6; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
78. Observation.component:ref-sequence-assembly.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
79. Observation.component:ref-sequence-assembly.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
80. Observation.component:ref-sequence-assembly.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
81. Observation.component:dna-chg | |
SliceName | dna-chg |
Definition | Human Genome Variation Society (HGVS) nomenclature for a single DNA marker. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
82. Observation.component:dna-chg.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
83. Observation.component:dna-chg.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
84. Observation.component:dna-chg.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
85. Observation.component:dna-chg.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="48004-6"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
86. Observation.component:dna-chg.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | HGVS: Sequence Variant Nomenclature from the Human Genome Variation Society The codes SHALL be taken from HGVS |
Type | CodeableConcept |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
87. Observation.component:dna-chg.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
88. Observation.component:dna-chg.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
89. Observation.component:dna-chg.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
90. Observation.component:dna-chg-type | |
SliceName | dna-chg-type |
Definition | Codified type for associated DNA Marker. DNA Marker's use the HGVS notation which implies the DNA Marker Type, but the concurrent use of this code will allow a standard and explicit type for technical and display convenience. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
91. Observation.component:dna-chg-type.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
92. Observation.component:dna-chg-type.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
93. Observation.component:dna-chg-type.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
94. Observation.component:dna-chg-type.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="48019-4"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
95. Observation.component:dna-chg-type.value[x] | |
Definition | Type of DNA variation reported. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | DNA Change type values (Sequence Ontology) The codes SHALL be taken from DNA Change Type; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
96. Observation.component:dna-chg-type.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
97. Observation.component:dna-chg-type.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
98. Observation.component:dna-chg-type.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
99. Observation.component:functional-annotation | |
SliceName | functional-annotation |
Definition | Annotated changes to sequence features caused by this variant. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
100. Observation.component:functional-annotation.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
101. Observation.component:functional-annotation.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
102. Observation.component:functional-annotation.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
103. Observation.component:functional-annotation.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/genomics-reporting/CodeSystem/tbd-codes"/> <code value="functional-annotation"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
104. Observation.component:functional-annotation.value[x] | |
Definition | Changes to sequence features caused by this variant. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Functional Annotation (Sequence Ontology) The codes SHALL be taken from Functional Annotation; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
105. Observation.component:functional-annotation.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
106. Observation.component:functional-annotation.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
107. Observation.component:functional-annotation.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
108. Observation.component:variation-code | |
SliceName | variation-code |
Definition | This term is used to report the unique identifier of the simple variant found in this study. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | If this is present, the components can be omitted but they might be included to avoid a need to look up the information in a registry. Typically only one code would be present, though multiple codings expressing the variant in different code systems are possible. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
109. Observation.component:variation-code.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
110. Observation.component:variation-code.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
111. Observation.component:variation-code.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
112. Observation.component:variation-code.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="81252-9"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
113. Observation.component:variation-code.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Binding not yet defined |
Type | CodeableConcept |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
114. Observation.component:variation-code.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
115. Observation.component:variation-code.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
116. Observation.component:variation-code.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
117. Observation.component:dbSNP-id | |
SliceName | dbSNP-id |
Definition | The unique identifier for the variant represented as a small nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). The dbSNP ID is used routinely as the base identifier in pharmacogenomics as well as arrCGH studies. For example, for the simple variant NM_014049.4(ACAD9):c.1249C>T (p.Arg417Cys), the dbSNP ID is 368949613. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/30880/]. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
118. Observation.component:dbSNP-id.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
119. Observation.component:dbSNP-id.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
120. Observation.component:dbSNP-id.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
121. Observation.component:dbSNP-id.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="81255-2"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
122. Observation.component:dbSNP-id.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Binding not yet defined |
Type | CodeableConcept |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
123. Observation.component:dbSNP-id.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
124. Observation.component:dbSNP-id.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
125. Observation.component:dbSNP-id.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
126. Observation.component:genomic-dna-chg | |
SliceName | genomic-dna-chg |
Definition | The name of a structural variant reported using HGVS nomenclature. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
127. Observation.component:genomic-dna-chg.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
128. Observation.component:genomic-dna-chg.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
129. Observation.component:genomic-dna-chg.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
130. Observation.component:genomic-dna-chg.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="81290-9"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
131. Observation.component:genomic-dna-chg.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | HGVS: Sequence Variant Nomenclature from the Human Genome Variation Society The codes SHALL be taken from HGVS |
Type | CodeableConcept |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
132. Observation.component:genomic-dna-chg.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
133. Observation.component:genomic-dna-chg.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
134. Observation.component:genomic-dna-chg.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
135. Observation.component:genomic-source-class | |
SliceName | genomic-source-class |
Definition | The genomic class of the specimen being analyzed: Germline for inherited genome, somatic for cancer genome, and prenatal for fetal genome. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
136. Observation.component:genomic-source-class.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
137. Observation.component:genomic-source-class.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
138. Observation.component:genomic-source-class.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
139. Observation.component:genomic-source-class.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="48002-0"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
140. Observation.component:genomic-source-class.value[x] | |
Definition | MG_2_Genetic variant source. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Genomic source class values The codes SHALL be taken from LOINC Answer List LL378-1; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
141. Observation.component:genomic-source-class.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
142. Observation.component:genomic-source-class.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
143. Observation.component:genomic-source-class.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
144. Observation.component:amino-acid-chg | |
SliceName | amino-acid-chg |
Definition | Human Genome Variation Society (HGVS) nomenclature for an amino acid sequence. This value is derivable from the DNA Marker value if available. It is provided for convenience. The use of the nomenclature must be extended to describe non-variations (aka. wild types) see samples for wild type examples. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
145. Observation.component:amino-acid-chg.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
146. Observation.component:amino-acid-chg.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
147. Observation.component:amino-acid-chg.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
148. Observation.component:amino-acid-chg.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="48005-3"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
149. Observation.component:amino-acid-chg.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | HGVS: Sequence Variant Nomenclature from the Human Genome Variation Society The codes SHALL be taken from HGVS |
Type | CodeableConcept |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
150. Observation.component:amino-acid-chg.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
151. Observation.component:amino-acid-chg.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
152. Observation.component:amino-acid-chg.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
153. Observation.component:amino-acid-chg-type | |
SliceName | amino-acid-chg-type |
Definition | Codified type for associated Amino Acid Marker. Amino Acid Marker's use the HGVS notation which implies the Amino Acid Marker Type, but the concurrent use of this code will allow a standard and explicit type for technical and display convenience. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
154. Observation.component:amino-acid-chg-type.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
155. Observation.component:amino-acid-chg-type.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
156. Observation.component:amino-acid-chg-type.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
157. Observation.component:amino-acid-chg-type.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="48006-1"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
158. Observation.component:amino-acid-chg-type.value[x] | |
Definition | MG_4_Amino acid change type. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Amino acid change type values The codes SHALL be taken from LOINC Answer List LL380-7 |
Type | CodeableConcept |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
159. Observation.component:amino-acid-chg-type.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
160. Observation.component:amino-acid-chg-type.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
161. Observation.component:amino-acid-chg-type.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
162. Observation.component:transcript-ref-seq | |
SliceName | transcript-ref-seq |
Definition | This field carries the ID for the transcribed reference sequence, which is the part of the genomic reference sequence that is converted to messenger RNA (i.e., after the introns are removed). |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | Only needed if the transcript sequence or genomic reference sequence versions don't indicate the version. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
163. Observation.component:transcript-ref-seq.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
164. Observation.component:transcript-ref-seq.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
165. Observation.component:transcript-ref-seq.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
166. Observation.component:transcript-ref-seq.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="51958-7"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
167. Observation.component:transcript-ref-seq.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Binding not yet defined |
Type | CodeableConcept |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
168. Observation.component:transcript-ref-seq.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
169. Observation.component:transcript-ref-seq.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
170. Observation.component:transcript-ref-seq.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
171. Observation.component:genomic-ref-seq | |
SliceName | genomic-ref-seq |
Definition | This field carries the ID for the genomic reference sequence. The genomic reference sequence is a contiguous stretch of chromosome DNA that spans all of the exons of the gene and includes transcribed and non transcribed stretches. For this ID use either the NCBI genomic nucleotide RefSeq IDs with their version number (see: NCBI.NLM.NIH.Gov/RefSeq) or use the LRG identifiers, without transcript (t or p) extensions -- when they become available. (See- Report sponsored by GEN2PHEN at the European Bioinformatics Institute at Hinxton UK April 24-25, 2008). The NCI RefSeq genomic IDs are distinguished by a prefix of"NG" for genes from the nuclear chromosomes and prefix of "NC" for genes from mitochondria. The LRG Identifiers have a prefix of "LRG_" Mitochondrial genes are not in the scope of LRG. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
172. Observation.component:genomic-ref-seq.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
173. Observation.component:genomic-ref-seq.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
174. Observation.component:genomic-ref-seq.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
175. Observation.component:genomic-ref-seq.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="48013-7"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
176. Observation.component:genomic-ref-seq.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Binding not yet defined |
Type | CodeableConcept |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
177. Observation.component:genomic-ref-seq.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
178. Observation.component:genomic-ref-seq.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
179. Observation.component:genomic-ref-seq.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
180. Observation.component:sample-allelic-frequency | |
SliceName | sample-allelic-frequency |
Definition | Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
181. Observation.component:sample-allelic-frequency.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
182. Observation.component:sample-allelic-frequency.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
183. Observation.component:sample-allelic-frequency.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
184. Observation.component:sample-allelic-frequency.code | |
Definition | The fraction of all reads in a study sample at a given genomic locus that identify the allele (variant) in question. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="81258-6"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
185. Observation.component:sample-allelic-frequency.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Type | Quantity |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
186. Observation.component:sample-allelic-frequency.value[x].id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
187. Observation.component:sample-allelic-frequency.value[x].extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
Slicing | This element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.value[x].extension. The slices are unordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
|
188. Observation.component:sample-allelic-frequency.value[x].value | |
Definition | The value of the measured amount. The value includes an implicit precision in the presentation of the value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Type | decimal |
Requirements | Precision is handled implicitly in almost all cases of measurement. |
Comments | The implicit precision in the value should always be honored. Monetary values have their own rules for handling precision (refer to standard accounting text books). |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
189. Observation.component:sample-allelic-frequency.value[x].comparator | |
Definition | How the value should be understood and represented - whether the actual value is greater or less than the stated value due to measurement issues; e.g. if the comparator is "<" , then the real value is < stated value. |
Control | 0..1 |
Binding | How the Quantity should be understood and represented. The codes SHALL be taken from QuantityComparator |
Type | code |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Need a framework for handling measures where the value is <5ug/L or >400mg/L due to the limitations of measuring methodology. |
Meaning if Missing | If there is no comparator, then there is no modification of the value |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
190. Observation.component:sample-allelic-frequency.value[x].unit | |
Definition | A human-readable form of the unit. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
Requirements | There are many representations for units of measure and in many contexts, particular representations are fixed and required. I.e. mcg for micrograms. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
191. Observation.component:sample-allelic-frequency.value[x].system | |
Definition | The identification of the system that provides the coded form of the unit. |
Control | 1..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: qty-3 |
Type | uri |
Requirements | Need to know the system that defines the coded form of the unit. |
Fixed Value | http://unitsofmeasure.org |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
192. Observation.component:sample-allelic-frequency.value[x].code | |
Definition | A computer processable form of the unit in some unit representation system. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | code |
Requirements | Need a computable form of the unit that is fixed across all forms. UCUM provides this for quantities, but SNOMED CT provides many units of interest. |
Comments | The preferred system is UCUM, but SNOMED CT can also be used (for customary units) or ISO 4217 for currency. The context of use may additionally require a code from a particular system. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
193. Observation.component:sample-allelic-frequency.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
194. Observation.component:sample-allelic-frequency.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
195. Observation.component:sample-allelic-frequency.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
196. Observation.component:allelic-read-depth | |
SliceName | allelic-read-depth |
Definition | Specifies the number of reads that identified the allele in question whether it consists of one or a small sequence of contiguous nucleotides. Different methods and purposes require different numbers of reads to be acceptable. Often >400, sometimes as few as 2-4. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
197. Observation.component:allelic-read-depth.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
198. Observation.component:allelic-read-depth.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
199. Observation.component:allelic-read-depth.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
200. Observation.component:allelic-read-depth.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="82121-5"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
201. Observation.component:allelic-read-depth.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Type | Quantity |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
202. Observation.component:allelic-read-depth.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
203. Observation.component:allelic-read-depth.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
204. Observation.component:allelic-read-depth.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
205. Observation.component:allelic-state | |
SliceName | allelic-state |
Definition | The level of occurrence of a single DNA Marker within a set of chromosomes. Heterozygous indicates the DNA Marker is only present in one of the two genes contained in homologous chromosomes. Homozygous indicates the DNA Marker is present in both genes contained in homologous chromosomes. Hemizygous indicates the DNA Marker exists in the only single copy of a gene in a non-homologous chromosome (The male X and Y chromosome are non-homologous). Hemiplasmic indicates that the DNA Marker is present in some but not all of the copies of mitochondrial DNA. Homoplasmic indicates that the DNA Maker is present in all of the copies of mitochondrial DNA. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
206. Observation.component:allelic-state.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
207. Observation.component:allelic-state.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
208. Observation.component:allelic-state.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
209. Observation.component:allelic-state.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="53034-5"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
210. Observation.component:allelic-state.value[x] | |
Definition | The relationship between the alleles found at the same locus on different chromosomes. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Allelic state type values The codes SHALL be taken from LOINC Answer List LL381-5; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
211. Observation.component:allelic-state.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
212. Observation.component:allelic-state.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
213. Observation.component:allelic-state.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
214. Observation.component:copy-number | |
SliceName | copy-number |
Definition | The copy number of the large variant. In HGVS, this is the numeric value following the “X”. It is a unit-less value. Note that a copy number of 1 implies a deletion. The copy number can usually be inferred from the HGVS or ISCN fields. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
215. Observation.component:copy-number.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
216. Observation.component:copy-number.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
217. Observation.component:copy-number.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
218. Observation.component:copy-number.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="82155-3"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
219. Observation.component:copy-number.value[x] | |
Definition | A measured amount (or an amount that can potentially be measured). Note that measured amounts include amounts that are not precisely quantified, including amounts involving arbitrary units and floating currencies. |
Control | 1..1 |
Type | Quantity(Count) |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | The context of use may frequently define what kind of quantity this is and therefore what kind of units can be used. The context of use may also restrict the values for the comparator. |
Invariants | Defined on this element cnt-3: There SHALL be a code with a value of "1" if there is a value. If system is present, it SHALL be UCUM. If present, the value SHALL be a whole number. (: (code.exists() or value.empty()) and (system.empty() or system = %ucum) and (code.empty() or code = '1') and (value.empty() or value.hasValue().not() or value.toString().contains('.').not())) ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) qty-3: If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present (: code.empty() or system.exists()) |
220. Observation.component:copy-number.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
221. Observation.component:copy-number.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
222. Observation.component:copy-number.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
223. Observation.component:ref-allele | |
SliceName | ref-allele |
Definition | Reference values ("normal") examined within the Reference Sequence. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | This is used in a genotyping test to define the reference and variable nucleotide strings. That is if the sequence variation is an insertion, then Reference Nucleotide will be blank and Variable Nucleotide will contain the inserted nucleotides. In contrast, if the sequence variation is a deletion, then the Reference Nucleotide will contain the deleted nucliotieds, and the Variable Nucleotide will be blank. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
224. Observation.component:ref-allele.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
225. Observation.component:ref-allele.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
226. Observation.component:ref-allele.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
227. Observation.component:ref-allele.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="69547-8"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
228. Observation.component:ref-allele.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Type | string |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
229. Observation.component:ref-allele.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
230. Observation.component:ref-allele.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
231. Observation.component:ref-allele.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
232. Observation.component:alt-allele | |
SliceName | alt-allele |
Definition | The genomic alternate allele is the contiguous segment of DNA in the test sample that differs from the reference allele at the same location and thus defines a variant. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
233. Observation.component:alt-allele.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
234. Observation.component:alt-allele.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
235. Observation.component:alt-allele.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
236. Observation.component:alt-allele.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="69551-0"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
237. Observation.component:alt-allele.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Type | string |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
238. Observation.component:alt-allele.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
239. Observation.component:alt-allele.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
240. Observation.component:alt-allele.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
241. Observation.component:coordinate-system | |
SliceName | coordinate-system |
Definition | Base number of coordinate system either 0-based, with inclusive start and exclusive end (called interval), or 1-based, with inclusive start and end. However, two versions of 1-based are in common use.These systems are HGVS 1-based (called variant method) and VCF 1-based (called alignment method). In general, HGVS recommends right-justification and VCF recommends left-justification. However, these systems further address questions such as wheather or not to place an insertion before or after the nucleotide, and, if always placed before the nucleotide, how to handle insertion after the end of the sequence. Additionally, the systems deal with handling boundary effects of numbers between features. For more details see the HGVS and VCF guides. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
242. Observation.component:coordinate-system.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
243. Observation.component:coordinate-system.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
244. Observation.component:coordinate-system.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
245. Observation.component:coordinate-system.code | |
Definition | This captures the base numbering used to calculate base positions in the reported sequence information. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="92822-6"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
246. Observation.component:coordinate-system.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Base coordinate systems start and end measurements for variants The codes SHOULD be taken from LOINC Answer List LL5323-2 |
Type | CodeableConcept |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
247. Observation.component:coordinate-system.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
248. Observation.component:coordinate-system.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
249. Observation.component:coordinate-system.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
250. Observation.component:exact-start-end | |
SliceName | exact-start-end |
Definition | This location is the first genomic position in the reference allele that contains a change from the reference allele. For example, for the simple variant NM_014049.4(ACAD9):c.1249C>T (p.Arg417Cys), the location is Chr3: 128906220 on Assembly GRCh38. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
251. Observation.component:exact-start-end.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
252. Observation.component:exact-start-end.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
253. Observation.component:exact-start-end.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
254. Observation.component:exact-start-end.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/genomics-reporting/CodeSystem/tbd-codes"/> <code value="exact-start-end"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
255. Observation.component:exact-start-end.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Type | Range |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
256. Observation.component:exact-start-end.value[x].id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
257. Observation.component:exact-start-end.value[x].extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
Slicing | This element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.value[x].extension. The slices are unordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
|
258. Observation.component:exact-start-end.value[x].low | |
Definition | The low limit. The boundary is inclusive. |
Control | 1..1 |
Type | Quantity(SimpleQuantity) |
Comments | If the low element is missing, the low boundary is not known. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
259. Observation.component:exact-start-end.value[x].high | |
Definition | Optional since many representations (VCF, SPDI) only provide a single position. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | Quantity(SimpleQuantity) |
Comments | If the high element is missing, the high boundary is not known. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
260. Observation.component:exact-start-end.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
261. Observation.component:exact-start-end.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
262. Observation.component:exact-start-end.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
263. Observation.component:variant-length | |
SliceName | variant-length |
Definition | Length of the structural variant, which information may be ascertained in some but not all types of structural variants. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
264. Observation.component:variant-length.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
265. Observation.component:variant-length.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
266. Observation.component:variant-length.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
267. Observation.component:variant-length.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="81300-6"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
268. Observation.component:variant-length.value[x] | |
Definition | A measured amount (or an amount that can potentially be measured). Note that measured amounts include amounts that are not precisely quantified, including amounts involving arbitrary units and floating currencies. |
Control | 1..1 |
Type | Quantity(Count) |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | The context of use may frequently define what kind of quantity this is and therefore what kind of units can be used. The context of use may also restrict the values for the comparator. |
Invariants | Defined on this element cnt-3: There SHALL be a code with a value of "1" if there is a value. If system is present, it SHALL be UCUM. If present, the value SHALL be a whole number. (: (code.exists() or value.empty()) and (system.empty() or system = %ucum) and (code.empty() or code = '1') and (value.empty() or value.hasValue().not() or value.toString().contains('.').not())) ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) qty-3: If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present (: code.empty() or system.exists()) |
269. Observation.component:variant-length.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
270. Observation.component:variant-length.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
271. Observation.component:variant-length.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
272. Observation.component:outer-start-end | |
SliceName | outer-start-end |
Definition | The genomic coordinates of the widest genomic range in which the variant might reside. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
273. Observation.component:outer-start-end.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
274. Observation.component:outer-start-end.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
275. Observation.component:outer-start-end.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
276. Observation.component:outer-start-end.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/genomics-reporting/CodeSystem/tbd-codes"/> <code value="outer-start-end"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
277. Observation.component:outer-start-end.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Type | Range |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
278. Observation.component:outer-start-end.value[x].id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
279. Observation.component:outer-start-end.value[x].extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
Slicing | This element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.value[x].extension. The slices are unordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
|
280. Observation.component:outer-start-end.value[x].low | |
Definition | The low limit. The boundary is inclusive. |
Control | 1..1 |
Type | Quantity(SimpleQuantity) |
Comments | If the low element is missing, the low boundary is not known. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
281. Observation.component:outer-start-end.value[x].high | |
Definition | The high limit. The boundary is inclusive. |
Control | 1..1 |
Type | Quantity(SimpleQuantity) |
Comments | If the high element is missing, the high boundary is not known. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
282. Observation.component:outer-start-end.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
283. Observation.component:outer-start-end.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
284. Observation.component:outer-start-end.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
285. Observation.component:inner-start-end | |
SliceName | inner-start-end |
Definition | The genomic coordinates of the narrowest genomic range in which the structural variant might reside. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
286. Observation.component:inner-start-end.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
287. Observation.component:inner-start-end.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
288. Observation.component:inner-start-end.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
289. Observation.component:inner-start-end.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/genomics-reporting/CodeSystem/tbd-codes"/> <code value="inner-start-end"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
290. Observation.component:inner-start-end.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Type | Range |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
291. Observation.component:inner-start-end.value[x].id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
292. Observation.component:inner-start-end.value[x].extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
Slicing | This element introduces a set of slices on Observation.component.value[x].extension. The slices are unordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
|
293. Observation.component:inner-start-end.value[x].low | |
Definition | The low limit. The boundary is inclusive. |
Control | 1..1 |
Type | Quantity(SimpleQuantity) |
Comments | If the low element is missing, the low boundary is not known. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
294. Observation.component:inner-start-end.value[x].high | |
Definition | The high limit. The boundary is inclusive. |
Control | 1..1 |
Type | Quantity(SimpleQuantity) |
Comments | If the high element is missing, the high boundary is not known. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
295. Observation.component:inner-start-end.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
296. Observation.component:inner-start-end.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
297. Observation.component:inner-start-end.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
298. Observation.component:chromosome-copy-number-change-type | |
SliceName | chromosome-copy-number-change-type |
Definition | The type of the chromosome copy number change. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
299. Observation.component:chromosome-copy-number-change-type.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
300. Observation.component:chromosome-copy-number-change-type.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
301. Observation.component:chromosome-copy-number-change-type.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
302. Observation.component:chromosome-copy-number-change-type.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="62378-5"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
303. Observation.component:chromosome-copy-number-change-type.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Copy Number Change Types The codes SHALL be taken from LOINC Answer List LL1041-4 |
Type | CodeableConcept |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
304. Observation.component:chromosome-copy-number-change-type.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
305. Observation.component:chromosome-copy-number-change-type.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
306. Observation.component:chromosome-copy-number-change-type.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
307. Observation.component:arrCGH-ratio | |
SliceName | arrCGH-ratio |
Definition | todo. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
308. Observation.component:arrCGH-ratio.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
309. Observation.component:arrCGH-ratio.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
310. Observation.component:arrCGH-ratio.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
311. Observation.component:arrCGH-ratio.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="81299-0"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
312. Observation.component:arrCGH-ratio.value[x] | |
Definition | The comparator is not used on a SimpleQuantity |
Control | 1..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1 |
Type | Quantity(SimpleQuantity) |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | The context of use may frequently define what kind of quantity this is and therefore what kind of units can be used. The context of use may also restrict the values for the comparator. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) qty-3: If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present (: code.empty() or system.exists()) sqty-1: The comparator is not used on a SimpleQuantity (: comparator.empty()) |
313. Observation.component:arrCGH-ratio.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
314. Observation.component:arrCGH-ratio.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
315. Observation.component:arrCGH-ratio.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
316. Observation.component:complex-var-type | |
SliceName | complex-var-type |
Definition | The type of complex variant, for example, compound heterozygous or haplotype. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | When sending a grouping of non-contiguous variants that are meant to be interpreted together but do not signify a named haplotype, one can send the type of complex variant here (determined by where the individual changes are in relation to each other), and use Observation.hasMember to reference the individual variants, which would then be described as normal. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
317. Observation.component:complex-var-type.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
318. Observation.component:complex-var-type.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
319. Observation.component:complex-var-type.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
320. Observation.component:complex-var-type.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="81263-6"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
321. Observation.component:complex-var-type.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Complex variant type The codes SHALL be taken from LOINC Answer List LL3999-1 |
Type | CodeableConcept |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
322. Observation.component:complex-var-type.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
323. Observation.component:complex-var-type.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
324. Observation.component:complex-var-type.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
325. Observation.component:cytogenomic-nomenclature | |
SliceName | cytogenomic-nomenclature |
Definition | Fully describes a variant with a single code. Typically a large variant such as a mosaic, abnormal chromosome numbers, etc. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
326. Observation.component:cytogenomic-nomenclature.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
327. Observation.component:cytogenomic-nomenclature.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
328. Observation.component:cytogenomic-nomenclature.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
329. Observation.component:cytogenomic-nomenclature.code | |
Definition | ISCN is a syntax for describing cytogenetic findings, from classical karyotypes to details that can be observed with copy number methodologies. Using ISCN nomenclature is highly recommended for reporting structural variants. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://loinc.org"/> <code value="81291-7"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
330. Observation.component:cytogenomic-nomenclature.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Binding not yet defined |
Type | CodeableConcept |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
331. Observation.component:cytogenomic-nomenclature.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
332. Observation.component:cytogenomic-nomenclature.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
333. Observation.component:cytogenomic-nomenclature.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
334. Observation.component:variant-inheritance | |
SliceName | variant-inheritance |
Definition | Some observations have multiple component observations. These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes. Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | BackboneElement |
Requirements | Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable). However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation. |
Comments | For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see Notes below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
335. Observation.component:variant-inheritance.id | |
Definition | Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. |
Control | 0..1 |
Type | string |
336. Observation.component:variant-inheritance.extension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
337. Observation.component:variant-inheritance.modifierExtension | |
Definition | May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). |
Control | 0..* |
Type | Extension |
Is Modifier | true |
Requirements | Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. |
Alternate Names | extensions, user content, modifiers |
Comments | There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists()) |
338. Observation.component:variant-inheritance.code | |
Definition | Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code". |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Codes identifying names of simple observations. For example codes, see LOINCCodes |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation. |
Comments | All code-value and component.code-component.value pairs need to be taken into account to correctly understand the meaning of the observation. |
Pattern Value | <valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <coding> <system value="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/genomics-reporting/CodeSystem/tbd-codes"/> <code value="variant-inheritance"/> </coding> </valueCodeableConcept> |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
339. Observation.component:variant-inheritance.value[x] | |
Definition | The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value. |
Control | 1..1 |
Binding | Variant Inheritance (Sequence Ontology) The codes SHALL be taken from Variant Inheritance; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
[x] Note | See Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x] |
Requirements | An observation exists to have a value, though it might not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations. |
Comments | Used when observation has a set of component observations. An observation may have both a value (e.g. an Apgar score) and component observations (the observations from which the Apgar score was derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For additional guidance, see the Notes section below. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
340. Observation.component:variant-inheritance.dataAbsentReason | |
Definition | Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.component.value[x] is missing. |
Control | 0..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: obs-6 |
Binding | Codes specifying why the result (`Observation.value[x]`) is missing. The codes SHALL be taken from DataAbsentReason; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements. |
Comments | "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
341. Observation.component:variant-inheritance.interpretation | |
Definition | A categorical assessment of an observation value. For example, high, low, normal. |
Control | 0..0 |
Binding | Codes identifying interpretations of observations. The codes SHALL be taken from ObservationInterpretationCodes; other codes may be used where these codes are not suitable |
Type | CodeableConcept |
Requirements | For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result. |
Alternate Names | Abnormal Flag |
Comments | Historically used for laboratory results (known as 'abnormal flag' ), its use extends to other use cases where coded interpretations are relevant. Often reported as one or more simple compact codes this element is often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |
342. Observation.component:variant-inheritance.referenceRange | |
Definition | Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range. |
Control | 0..* |
Type | See Observation.referenceRange |
Requirements | Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts. |
Comments | Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this might not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties. |
Invariants | Defined on this element ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())) |