This code system http://hl7.org/fhir/us/breast-radiology/CodeSystem/RecommendationsCodeSystemCS defines the following codes:
| Code | Display | Definition |
| 3DImaging | 3D Imaging | Advanced Technology that takes multiple images, or
X-rays, of breast tissue to recreate
a 3-dimensional picture of the breast.
Also called breast tomosynthesis.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| 3DSpotCC | 3D spot CC | Advanced Technology that takes multiple images, or
X-rays, of breast tissue to recreate
a 3-dimensional picture of the breast.
Cranial-Caudal (CC) is a 3D view from above the breast.
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| 3DSpotLM | 3D spot LM | Advanced Technology that takes multiple images, or
X-rays, of breast tissue to recreate
a 3-dimensional picture of the breast.
Lateral-medial (LM) is
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| 3DSpotML | 3D spot ML | Advanced Technology that takes multiple images, or
X-rays, of breast tissue to recreate
a 3-dimensional picture of the breast.
Mediolateral (ML) is
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| 3DSpotMLO | 3D spot MLO | Advanced Technology that takes multiple images, or
X-rays, of breast tissue to recreate
a 3-dimensional picture of the breast.
Mediolateral-oblique (MLO) is
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| AdditionalViews | Additional views | Additional views in Mammography, MRI and US, help
increase the chances of finding
any possible tumors in the breast.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| AddlitionalViewsWithPossibleUltrasound | Addlitional views with possible ultrasound | Additional views in a Mammogram, MRI or Ultrasound
are recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| AxillaView | Axilla view | An axillary view (also known as a "Cleopatra view")
is a type of view in mammography. It is
an exaggerated craniocaudal view for better imaging
of the lateral portion of the
breast to the axillary tail.
This projection is performed whenever we want to
show a lesion seen only in the axillary
tail on the MLO view.
An optimal axillary view require to be clearly displayed
the most lateral portion
of the breast including the axillary tail, as well
the pectoral muscle and the nipple
in profile.
[https://radiopaedia.org/articles/axillary-view?lang=us]
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| AxillaryTailView | Axillary tail view | The tail of Spence (Spence's tail, axillary process,
axillary tail) is an extension
of the tissue of the breast that extends into the
axilla.
It is actually an extension of the upper lateral
quadrant of the breast.
It passes into the axilla through an opening in the
deep fascia called foramen of
Langer.
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tail_of_Spence]
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| Biopsy | Biopsy | A biopsy is recommended.
An examination under a microscope of the specific
tissue removed from the body.
The examination is used to check for abnormalities
or cancer cells.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM. |
| BiopsyBaseOnClinical | Biopsy base on clinical | Based on the clinical exam, a biopsy is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| CaudocranialView | Caudocranial view | It is recommended that a Caudocranial view is captured
by Ultrasound and/or Mammogram.
It is useful for the study of breasts in the lower
quadrants.
The patient will bend forward at the waist to view
the underside of the breast.
Also called a reverse CC view.
The reversed CC view is an additional view.
It is useful for the study of breasts with surgical
scars in the lower quadrants.
The ability to see the scar through the compressor
paddle offers to the mammographer
the possibility to flatten it properly, reducing
the formation of scar folds as well
artifacts from false parenchymal distortion.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| CCWithCompressionView | CC with compression view | The recommendation is for a CC with compression view
to be completed on an Ultrasound and/or Mammogram.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| CCWithMagnificationView | CC with magnification view | The recommendation is for a CC with magnification
view to be completed on an Ultrasound and/or Mammogram.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| CleavageView | Cleavage view | It is recommended that a cleavage view is captured
via Mammogram and/or Ultrasound.
Also called "valley view" is a mammogram view that
images the most central portions
of the breasts.
To get as much central tissue as possible, the mammogram
technologist will place
both breasts on the plate at the same time to image
the medial half of both breasts.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| ClinicalConsultation | Clinical consultation | A clinical consultation is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| ClinicalCorrelation | Clinical correlation | The recommendation is for a clinicial correlation
and/or comparison to be completed.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| ClinicalFollow-up | Clinical follow-up | The recommendation is for a clinical follow-up to
be completed.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| CompareToPriorExams | Compare to prior exams | The recommendation is for a compare to prior exams
to be completed.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| CompressionViews | Compression views | It is recommended that a compression view is admininstered
via Mammogram or Ultrasound.
All mammograms use compression of the breast.
By applying compression to only a specific area of
the breast, the effective pressure
is increased on that spot.
This results in better tissue separation and allows
better visualization of the area
of the breast needing additional examination.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| ConeCompression | Cone compression | A cone compression is recommended to catch a specific
spot or view during the mammogram
and/or ultrasound.
Spot views apply the compression to a smaller area
of tissue using a small compression
plate or "cone".
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| CoreBiopsy | Core Biopsy | It is recommended that a core biopsy procedure is
administered.
It is a procedure where a needle is passed through
the skin to take a sample of tissue
from a mass or lump.
The tissue is then examined under a microscope for
any abnormalities.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| CraniocaudalView | Craniocaudal view | Cranial-Caudal (CC) is a view from above the breast
during a mammogram or ultrasound.
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| Cryoablation | Cryoablation | Uses imaging guidance, a needle-like applicator called
a cryoprobe, and liquid nitrogen
or argon gas to create intense cold to freeze and
destroy diseased tissue, including
cancer cells.
It may be used to treat a variety of skin conditions
as well as tumors within the
liver, kidneys, bones, lungs and breasts.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| CystAspiration | Cyst aspiration | A cyst aspiration is a procedure used to drain fluid
from a breast cyst.
The vast majority of cysts are benign (non-cancerous),
though some are quite tender.
Aspirating the fluid from a cyst may alleviate symptoms
or discomfort.
In some cases, specimens are sent to pathology.
[www.carolmilgardbreastcenter.org > Cyst_Aspiration]
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| CystAspirationForRelief | Cyst aspiration for relief | One way to get relief from the pain of a cyst is
to remove fluid from
the cyst, thereby decreasing the pressure.
This is called aspiration for relief.
Valid for the following modalities: US. |
| DiagnosticAspiration | Diagnostic aspiration | This is a fine needle aspiration and is a type of
biopsy procedure.
In fine needle aspiration, a thin needle is inserted
into an area of abnormal-appearing
tissue or body fluid.
[https://www.webmd.com > a-to-z-guides > fine-needle-aspiration]
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| DiagnosticMammogram | Diagnostic Mammogram | While screening mammograms are used as a routine
check-up for breast health, diagnostic
mammograms are used after suspicious results on a
screening mammogram or after some
signs of breast cancer alert the physician to check
the tissue.These signs may include
a lump or breast pain.
[https://www.nationalbreastcancer.org/diagnostic-mammogram]
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| DrainageTube | Drainage tube | The recommendation is for a drainage tube to be attached
to breast.
A drainage tube is a tube used to remove pus, blood
or other fluids from a wound.
This is a common practice by surgeons or interventional
radiologists.
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drain_(surgery)]
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| Ductography | Ductography | A ductogram, also called a galactogram, is a special
type of mammogram used for imaging
the breast ducts.
It can aid in diagnosing the cause of abnormal nipple
discharges.
Ductography (also called galactography or ductogalactography)
is a special type of
contrast enhanced mammography used for imaging the
breast ducts.
Ductography can aid in diagnosing the cause of an
abnormal nipple discharge and is
valuable in diagnosing intraductal papillomas and
other conditions.
[https://www.imaginis.com/mammography/ductogram-galactogram-imaging-the-breast-ducts]
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| ExaggeratedCCViews | Exaggerated CC views | An XCCL view is a supplementary mammographic view.
It is a type of exaggerated cranio-caudal view.
It is particularly good for imaging the lateral aspect
of the breast. It is often
done when a lesion is suspected on a MLO view but
cannot be seen on the CC view. In
this view, the lateral aspect of the breast is placed
forward.
One rationale of performing this view is that many
cancers are located in the lateral
aspect of the breast.
An XCCM view is a supplementary mammographic view.
It is a type of exaggerated cranio-caudal view.
It is particularly good for imaging the medial portion
of the breast.
In this view, the medial portion of the breast is
placed forward.
A negative 15degrees tube tilt is suggested.
An optimal XCCM view requires the most medial portion
of the breast and the nipple
in profile to be clearly displayed.
[https://radiopaedia.org/articles/xccl-view?lang=us]
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| FNABiopsy | FNA biopsy | FNA stands for Fine needle aspiration and this is
a type of biopsy procedure.
In fine needle aspiration, a thin needle is inserted
into an area of abnormal-appearing
tissue or body fluid.
As with other types of biopsies, the sample collected
during fine needle aspiration
can help make a diagnosis or rule out conditions
such as cancer.
[https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/fine-needle-aspiration#1]
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| Follow-up | Follow-up | It is recommended to make a follow-up appointment.
Valid for the following modalities: US. |
| Followup3Months | Followup 3 months | It is recommended to make a follow-up appointment
in 3 months.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| Followup6Months | Followup 6 months | It is recommended to make a follow-up appointment
in 6 months.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| IfPreviousShowNoChange | If previous show no change | The recommendation is for a if previous show no change
to be completed.
Valid for the following modalities: US MRI. |
| LateralMagnificationView | Lateral magnification view | The recommendation is for a Lateral magnification
view to be completed on Mammogram and/or Ultrasound.
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| LateralMedialView | Lateral medial view | There are different views of the breast in mammography.
For the LM view, the tube is lateral and the detector
is placed medially
LM view is best for evaluating medial lesions.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| LateralView | Lateral view | There are different views of the breast in mammography.
The lateral view is a view obtained at virtually
every diagnostic evaluation.
A lateral view may be obtained as a mediolateral
view (ML) or lateromedial view (LM)
view depending on where the imaging tube and detector
are located.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| LateralWithCompressionView | Lateral with compression view | The recommendation is for a Lateral with compression
view to be completed on Mammogram.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| LateromedialOblique | Lateromedial oblique | The recommendation is for a lateromedial oblique
view to be completed on Mammogram and/or Ultrasound.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| LateromedialView | Lateromedial view | The recommendation is for a lateromedial view to
be completed on Mammogram and/or Ultrasound.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| LymphNodeAssessment | Lymph node assessment | Lymph Node Exam.
Palpation of the lymph nodes provides information
about the possible presence of
a malignant or inflammatory process and the localization
or generalization of that
process.
[https://stanfordmedicine25.stanford.edu/the25/lymph.html]
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| MagnificationViews | Magnification views | A magnification view in mammography is performed
to evaluate and count microcalcifications and
its extension (as well the assessment of the borders
and the tissue structures of
a suspicious area or a mass) by using a magnification
device which brings the breast
away from the film plate and closer to the x-ray
source.
This allows the acquisition of magnified images (1.5x
to 2x magnification) of the
region of interest. radiopaedia.org > articles > magnification-view-mammography
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM. |
| Mammogram | Mammogram | A mammogram is an X-Ray picture of the breast.
It is used to look for early signs of breast cancer.
Valid for the following modalities: MRI. |
| Mammogram3MonthFollow-up | Mammogram 3 month follow-up | A three month follow-up is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| Mammogram6MonthFollow-up | Mammogram 6 month follow-up | A six month follow-up is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| MammogramAndUltrasound3MonthFollow-up | Mammogram and ultrasound 3 month follow-up | A three month follow-up with ultrasound is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| MammogramAndUltrasound6MonthFollow-up | Mammogram and ultrasound 6 month follow-up | A six month follow-up with ultrasound is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| MediolateralObliqueView | Mediolateral oblique view | A mediolateral oblique view is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| MediolateralView | Mediolateral view | A mediolateral view is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| MLOWithCompressionView | MLO with compression view | An additional MLO with compression view of the breast
is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| MLOWithMagnificationView | MLO with magnification view | An additional MLO with magnification view of the
breast is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| MRI | MRI | An MRI is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| MRIBiopsy | MRI biopsy | An MRI with biopsy is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM. |
| MRIFollow-up | MRI follow-up | An MRI follow-up is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MRI NM. |
| NeedleLocationAndSurgicalBiopsy | Needle location and surgical biopsy | A Needle localization and surgical biopsy is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| NippleInProfileView | Nipple in profile view | A technically adequate exam has the nipple in profile,
allows visualization of the
inframammary fold and includes the pectoralis muscle
extending down to the posterior
nipple line (an oblique line drawn straight back
from the nipple.)
[https://www.mammoguide.com/mammo-techniques.html]
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| OffAngleCCView | Off angle CC view | An additional off angle CC view of the breast is
recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| OffAngleMLOView | Off angle MLO view | An additional off angle MLO view of the breast is
recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| Poss.StereotacticBx | Poss. Stereotactic Bx | Stereotactic breast biopsy uses mammography - a specific
type of breast imaging that
uses low-dose x-rays - to help locate a breast abnormality
and remove a tissue sample
for examination under a microscope.
It's less invasive than surgical biopsy, leaves little
to no scarring and can be
an excellent way to evaluate calcium deposits or
tiny masses that are not visible
on ultrasound.
[https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?pg=breastbixr]
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| PossibleCoreBiopsy | Possible core biopsy | A core needle biopsy (CNB) uses a hollow needle
to take out pieces of breast tissue from
a suspicious area in an imaging test.
The needle may be attached to a spring-loaded tool
that moves the needle in and out
of the tissue quickly, or it may be attached to a
suction device that helps pull
breast tissue into the needle.
A small cylinder (core) of tissue is taken out in
the needle.
Several cores are often removed.
[https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/screening-tests-and-early-detection/breast-biopsy/core-needle-biopsy-of-the-breast.html]
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| PossibleDiagnosticMammogram | Possible Diagnostic Mammogram | A possible diagnostic mammogram is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| PossibleStereotacticVacuumBiopsy | Possible stereotactic vacuum biopsy | Based on the results of the mammogram, a possible
stereotactic vacuum biopsy is recommended.
During this type of biopsy, small samples of tissue
are removed from the breast using
a hollow needle, which is precisely guided to the
correct location using x-rays and
computer generated coordinates of the concerning
area of breast tissue.
[https://www.genesishealth.com/care-treatment/cancer/treat/breast/diagnosis/sterotactic_vacuum/]
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| PossibleSurgicalConsult | Possible surgical consult | A possible surgical consultation may be recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: NM. |
| PossibleSurgicalEvaluation | Possible surgical evaluation | A possible surgical evaluation is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: NM. |
| PossibleUltrasound | Possible ultrasound | A possible ultrasound is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| PossibleUltrasoundGuidedBiopsy | Possible ultrasound guided biopsy | A possible ultrasound guided biopsy is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| PossibleVacuumBiopsy | Possible vacuum biopsy | A possible vacuum biopsy is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| RepeatCCView | Repeat CC view | Another CC view of Mammogram is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| RepeatMLOView | Repeat MLO view | Another MLO view of Mammogram is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| RolledLateralView | Rolled lateral view | A rolled CC lateral view is recommended.
A rolled CC view Is performed to locate a lesion
only visible in the cranio-caudal
view, or when overlapped tissues in the standard
view can simulate or partially conceal
a lesion: changing of tissues distribution allows
to determine whether or not its
presence.
When the lesion identified moves medially or laterally
respect to the standard projection,
it is possible to determine in which quadrant it
is localized.
The breast is positioned on the image receptor as
for the cranio-caudal view, then
is rotated medially or laterally around the axis
of the nipple prior to applying
compression.
[https://radiopaedia.org/articles/rolled-cc-view-1?lang=us]
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| RolledMedialView | Rolled medial view | A rolled medial view is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| ScintimammogramGuidedBiopsy | Scintimammogram Guided Biopsy | A Scintimammogram guided biopsy is recommended.
This is performed by taking samples of an abnormality
under guidance from the Scintimammogram.
Scintimammography uses small amounts of radioactive
material, a special camera and a computer to help
investigate a breast abnormality.
This helps to guide the radiologist's biopsy equipment
to the site of the imaging abnormality.
[https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?pg=breastbixr]
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| Scintimammography | Scintimammography | A scintimammogram is recommended.
Scintimammography is also known as nuclear medicine
breast imaging, Breast Specific
Gamma Imaging (BSGI) and Molecular Breast Imaging
(MBI).
This type of exam is used to investigate a breast
abnormality found with mammography.
Scintimammography uses small amounts of radioactive
material, a special camera and
a computer to help investigate a breast abnormality.
Scintimammography can detect cancer even when dense
breast tissue and breast implants
are present.
It can reduce unnecessary procedures by helping determine
whether a biopsy is needed.
[https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?pg=scintimammo]
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| SpotCompression | Spot compression | A spot compression is recommended.
A spot view (also known as a spot compression view
or focal compression view) is
an additional mammographic view performed by applying
the compression to a smaller
area of tissue using a small compression paddle,
increasing the effective pressure
on that spot.
This results in better tissue separation and allows
better visualization of the breast
tissue in that area.
It is used to distinguish between the presence of
a true lesion and an overlap of
tissues, as well to better show the borders of an
abnormality or questionable area
or a little cluster of faint microcalcifications
in a dense area.
[https://radiopaedia.org/articles/spot-view-mammography?lang=us]
Valid for the following modalities: MG US NM. |
| SpotMagnificationViews | Spot magnification views | Spot magnification views are recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| StereotacticBx | Stereotactic bx | A stereotactic biopsy is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM. |
| SuperolateralIOView | Superolateral IO view | A superolateral IO view is recommended.
The view of the upper outer quadrant of the breast.
This is the quadrant of the breast that is closest
to the armpit.
There are 4 quadrants in the anatomy of a breast.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| SurgicalBiopsy | Surgical biopsy | A surgical biopsy is recommended.
A surgical biopsy is a procedure that involves the
surgical removal of tissue from
a lump or mass for examination under a microscope.
This test may also be called an open biopsy.
Surgical biopsies can be excisional (removal of an
entire lump or abnormal area)
or incisional (removal of a piece of a lump or abnormal
area).
[https://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/diagnosis-and-treatment/tests-and-procedures/surgical-biopsy/?region=on]
Valid for the following modalities: NM. |
| SurgicalConsult | Surgical consult | A surgical consult is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM. |
| SurgicalConsultAndBiopsy | Surgical consult and biopsy | A surgical consult and biopsy is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| SurgicalEvaluation | Surgical evaluation | The recommendation is for a surgical evaluation.
Valid for the following modalities: NM. |
| SurgicalExcision | Surgical excision | The recommendation is for a surgical excision.
Valid for the following modalities: NM. |
| SurgicalOncologicEvaluation | Surgical oncologic evaluation | The recommendation is for a surgical oncologic evaluation.
Valid for the following modalities: NM. |
| SurgicalOncologicalConsult | Surgical oncological consult | The recommendation is for a surgical oncologic consult.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM. |
| TangentialView | Tangential view | A tangential view is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| TangentialViews | Tangential views | Tangential views are recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| Ultrasound | Ultrasound | An ultrasound is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG MRI NM. |
| Ultrasound2ndLook | Ultrasound 2nd Look | An additional ultrasound is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM. |
| Ultrasound3MonthFollow-up | Ultrasound 3 month follow-up | An additional ultrasound is recommended in a 3 month
follow-up.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| Ultrasound6MonthFollow-up | Ultrasound 6 month follow-up | An additional ultrasound is recommended in a 3 month
follow-up.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| UltrasoundGuidedBx | Ultrasound guided bx | An ultrasound guided biopsy is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM. |
| UltrasoundLocationAndSurgicalBiopsy | Ultrasound location and surgical biopsy | An ultrasound localized and surgical biopsy is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| UltrasoundWithPossibleAddlitonalViews | Ultrasound with possible addlitonal views | An ultrasound with possible additional views are
recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| Unspecified/Other | Unspecified / other | Unspecified / other
Valid for the following modalities: US MRI. |
| VacuumBx | Vacuum Bx | A vacuum biopsy is recommended.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
|
|
Propose a change