Breast Radiology Reporting - 1st STU ballot
0.2.0 - STU 1 Ballot 2020May

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<CodeSystem xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
  <id value="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS"/>
  <text>
    <status value="generated"/>
    <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><h2>Recommendations CodeSystem</h2><div><p>Recommendations code system</p>
</div><p>This code system http://hl7.org/fhir/us/breast-radiology/CodeSystem/RecommendationsCodeSystemCS defines the following codes:</p><table class="codes"><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap"><b>Code</b></td><td><b>Display</b></td><td><b>Definition</b></td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">3DImaging<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-3DImaging"> </a></td><td>3D Imaging</td><td>Advanced Technology that takes multiple images, or 
X-rays, of breast tissue to recreate 
a 3-dimensional picture of the breast. 
Also called breast tomosynthesis. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">3DSpotCC<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-3DSpotCC"> </a></td><td>3D spot CC</td><td>Advanced Technology that takes multiple images, or 
X-rays, of breast tissue to recreate 
a 3-dimensional picture of the breast. 
Cranial-Caudal (CC) is a 3D view from above the breast. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">3DSpotLM<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-3DSpotLM"> </a></td><td>3D spot LM</td><td>Advanced Technology that takes multiple images, or 
X-rays, of breast tissue to recreate 
a 3-dimensional picture of the breast. 
Lateral-medial (LM) is 


Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">3DSpotML<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-3DSpotML"> </a></td><td>3D spot ML</td><td>Advanced Technology that takes multiple images, or 
X-rays, of breast tissue to recreate 
a 3-dimensional picture of the breast. 
Mediolateral (ML) is 


Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">3DSpotMLO<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-3DSpotMLO"> </a></td><td>3D spot MLO</td><td>Advanced Technology that takes multiple images, or 
X-rays, of breast tissue to recreate 
a 3-dimensional picture of the breast. 
Mediolateral-oblique (MLO) is 


Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">AdditionalViews<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-AdditionalViews"> </a></td><td>Additional views</td><td>Additional views in Mammography, MRI and US, help 
increase the chances of finding 
any possible tumors in the breast. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">AddlitionalViewsWithPossibleUltrasound<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-AddlitionalViewsWithPossibleUltrasound"> </a></td><td>Addlitional views with possible ultrasound</td><td>Additional views in a Mammogram, MRI or Ultrasound 
are recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">AxillaView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-AxillaView"> </a></td><td>Axilla view</td><td>An axillary view (also known as a &quot;Cleopatra view&quot;) 
is a type of view in mammography. It is 
an exaggerated craniocaudal view for better imaging 
of the lateral portion of the 
breast to the axillary tail. 
This projection is performed whenever we want to 
show a lesion seen only in the axillary 
tail on the MLO view. 
An optimal axillary view require to be clearly displayed 
the most lateral portion 
of the breast including the axillary tail, as well 
the pectoral muscle and the nipple 
in profile. 
[https://radiopaedia.org/articles/axillary-view?lang=us] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">AxillaryTailView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-AxillaryTailView"> </a></td><td>Axillary tail view</td><td>The tail of Spence (Spence's tail, axillary process, 
axillary tail) is an extension 
of the tissue of the breast that extends into the 
axilla. 
It is actually an extension of the upper lateral 
quadrant of the breast. 
It passes into the axilla through an opening in the 
deep fascia called foramen of 
Langer. 
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tail_of_Spence] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">Biopsy<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-Biopsy"> </a></td><td>Biopsy</td><td>A biopsy is recommended. 
An examination under a microscope  of the specific 
tissue removed from the body. 
The examination is used to check for abnormalities 
or cancer cells. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">BiopsyBaseOnClinical<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-BiopsyBaseOnClinical"> </a></td><td>Biopsy base on clinical</td><td>Based on the clinical exam, a biopsy is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">CaudocranialView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-CaudocranialView"> </a></td><td>Caudocranial view</td><td>It is recommended that a Caudocranial view is captured 
by Ultrasound and/or Mammogram. 
It is useful for the study of breasts in the lower 
quadrants. 
The patient will bend forward at the waist to view 
the underside of the breast. 
Also called a reverse CC view. 
The reversed CC view is an additional view. 
It is useful for the study of breasts with surgical 
scars in the lower quadrants. 
The ability to see the scar through the compressor 
paddle offers to the mammographer 
the possibility to flatten it properly, reducing 
the formation of scar folds as well 
artifacts from false parenchymal distortion. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">CCWithCompressionView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-CCWithCompressionView"> </a></td><td>CC with compression view</td><td>The recommendation is for a CC with compression view 
to be completed on an Ultrasound and/or Mammogram. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">CCWithMagnificationView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-CCWithMagnificationView"> </a></td><td>CC with magnification view</td><td>The recommendation is for a CC with magnification 
view to be completed on an Ultrasound and/or Mammogram. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">CleavageView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-CleavageView"> </a></td><td>Cleavage view</td><td>It is recommended that a cleavage view is captured 
via Mammogram and/or Ultrasound. 
Also called &quot;valley view&quot; is a mammogram view that 
images the most central portions 
of the breasts. 
To get as much central tissue as possible, the mammogram 
technologist will place 
both breasts on the plate at the same time to image 
the medial half of both breasts. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">ClinicalConsultation<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-ClinicalConsultation"> </a></td><td>Clinical consultation</td><td>A clinical consultation is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">ClinicalCorrelation<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-ClinicalCorrelation"> </a></td><td>Clinical correlation</td><td>The recommendation is for a clinicial correlation 
and/or comparison to be completed. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">ClinicalFollow-up<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-ClinicalFollow-up"> </a></td><td>Clinical follow-up</td><td>The recommendation is for a clinical follow-up to 
be completed. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">CompareToPriorExams<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-CompareToPriorExams"> </a></td><td>Compare to prior exams</td><td>The recommendation is for a compare to prior exams 
to be completed. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">CompressionViews<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-CompressionViews"> </a></td><td>Compression views</td><td>It is recommended that a compression view is admininstered 
via Mammogram or Ultrasound. 
All mammograms use compression of the breast. 
By applying compression to only a specific area of 
the breast, the effective pressure 
is increased on that spot. 
This results in better tissue separation and allows 
better visualization of the area 
of the breast needing additional examination. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">ConeCompression<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-ConeCompression"> </a></td><td>Cone compression</td><td>A cone compression is recommended to catch a specific 
spot or view during the mammogram 
and/or ultrasound. 
Spot views apply the compression to a smaller area 
of tissue using a small compression 
plate or &quot;cone&quot;. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">CoreBiopsy<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-CoreBiopsy"> </a></td><td>Core Biopsy</td><td>It is recommended that a core biopsy procedure is 
administered. 
It is a procedure where a needle is passed through 
the skin to take a sample of tissue 
from a mass or lump. 
The tissue is then examined under a microscope for 
any abnormalities. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">CraniocaudalView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-CraniocaudalView"> </a></td><td>Craniocaudal view</td><td>Cranial-Caudal (CC) is a view from above the breast 
during a mammogram or ultrasound. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">Cryoablation<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-Cryoablation"> </a></td><td>Cryoablation</td><td>Uses imaging guidance, a needle-like applicator called 
a cryoprobe, and liquid nitrogen 
or argon gas to create intense cold to freeze and 
destroy diseased tissue, including 
cancer cells. 
It may be used to treat a variety of skin conditions 
as well as tumors within the 
liver, kidneys, bones, lungs and breasts. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">CystAspiration<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-CystAspiration"> </a></td><td>Cyst aspiration</td><td>A cyst aspiration is a procedure used to drain fluid 
from a breast cyst. 
The vast majority of cysts are benign (non-cancerous), 
though some are quite tender. 
Aspirating the fluid from a cyst may alleviate symptoms 
or discomfort. 
In some cases, specimens are sent to pathology. 
[www.carolmilgardbreastcenter.org &gt; Cyst_Aspiration] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">CystAspirationForRelief<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-CystAspirationForRelief"> </a></td><td>Cyst aspiration for relief</td><td>One way to get relief from the pain of a cyst is 
to remove fluid from 
the cyst, thereby decreasing the pressure. 
This is called aspiration for relief. 


Valid for the following modalities: US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">DiagnosticAspiration<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-DiagnosticAspiration"> </a></td><td>Diagnostic aspiration</td><td>This is a fine needle aspiration and is a type of 
biopsy procedure. 
In fine needle aspiration, a thin needle is inserted 
into an area of abnormal-appearing 
tissue or body fluid. 
[https://www.webmd.com &gt; a-to-z-guides &gt; fine-needle-aspiration] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">DiagnosticMammogram<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-DiagnosticMammogram"> </a></td><td>Diagnostic Mammogram</td><td>While screening mammograms are used as a routine 
check-up for breast health,  diagnostic 
mammograms are used after suspicious results on a 
screening mammogram or after some 
signs of breast cancer alert the physician to check 
the tissue.These signs may include 
a lump or breast pain. 
[https://www.nationalbreastcancer.org/diagnostic-mammogram] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">DrainageTube<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-DrainageTube"> </a></td><td>Drainage tube</td><td>The recommendation is for a drainage tube to be attached 
to breast. 
A drainage tube is a tube used to remove pus, blood 
or other fluids from a wound. 
This is a common practice by surgeons or interventional 
radiologists. 
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drain_(surgery)] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">Ductography<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-Ductography"> </a></td><td>Ductography</td><td>A ductogram, also called a galactogram, is a special 
type of mammogram used for imaging 
the breast ducts. 
It can aid in diagnosing the cause of abnormal nipple 
discharges. 
Ductography (also called galactography or ductogalactography) 
is a special type of 
contrast enhanced mammography used for imaging the 
breast ducts. 
Ductography can aid in diagnosing the cause of an 
abnormal nipple discharge and is 
valuable in diagnosing intraductal papillomas and 
other conditions. 
[https://www.imaginis.com/mammography/ductogram-galactogram-imaging-the-breast-ducts] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">ExaggeratedCCViews<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-ExaggeratedCCViews"> </a></td><td>Exaggerated CC views</td><td>An XCCL view is a supplementary mammographic view. 
It is a type of exaggerated cranio-caudal view. 
It is particularly good for imaging the lateral aspect 
of the breast. It is often 
done when a lesion is suspected on a MLO view but 
cannot be seen on the CC view. In 
this view, the lateral aspect of the breast is placed 
forward. 
One rationale of performing this view is that many 
cancers are located in the lateral 
aspect of the breast. 
An XCCM view is a supplementary mammographic view. 
It is a type of exaggerated cranio-caudal view. 
It is particularly good for imaging the medial portion 
of the breast. 
In this view, the medial portion of the breast is 
placed forward. 
A negative 15degrees tube tilt is suggested. 
An optimal XCCM view requires the most medial portion 
of the breast and the nipple 
in profile to be clearly displayed. 
[https://radiopaedia.org/articles/xccl-view?lang=us] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">FNABiopsy<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-FNABiopsy"> </a></td><td>FNA biopsy</td><td>FNA stands for Fine needle aspiration and this is 
a type of biopsy procedure. 
In fine needle aspiration, a thin needle is inserted 
into an area of abnormal-appearing 
tissue or body fluid. 
As with other types of biopsies, the sample collected 
during fine needle aspiration 
can help make a diagnosis or rule out conditions 
such as cancer. 
[https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/fine-needle-aspiration#1] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">Follow-up<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-Follow-up"> </a></td><td>Follow-up</td><td>It is recommended to make a follow-up appointment. 


Valid for the following modalities: US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">Followup3Months<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-Followup3Months"> </a></td><td>Followup 3 months</td><td>It is recommended to make a follow-up appointment 
in 3 months. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">Followup6Months<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-Followup6Months"> </a></td><td>Followup 6 months</td><td>It is recommended to make a follow-up appointment 
in 6 months. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">IfPreviousShowNoChange<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-IfPreviousShowNoChange"> </a></td><td>If previous show no change</td><td>The recommendation is for a if previous show no change 
to be completed. 


Valid for the following modalities: US MRI.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">LateralMagnificationView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-LateralMagnificationView"> </a></td><td>Lateral magnification view</td><td>The recommendation is for a Lateral magnification 
view to be completed on Mammogram and/or Ultrasound. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">LateralMedialView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-LateralMedialView"> </a></td><td>Lateral medial view</td><td>There are different views of the breast in mammography. 
For the LM view, the tube is lateral and the detector 
is placed medially 
LM view is best for evaluating medial lesions. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">LateralView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-LateralView"> </a></td><td>Lateral view</td><td>There are different views of the breast in mammography. 
The lateral view is a view obtained at virtually 
every diagnostic evaluation. 
A lateral view may be obtained as a mediolateral 
view (ML) or lateromedial view (LM) 
view depending on where the imaging tube and detector 
are located. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">LateralWithCompressionView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-LateralWithCompressionView"> </a></td><td>Lateral with compression view</td><td>The recommendation is for a Lateral with compression 
view to be completed on Mammogram. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">LateromedialOblique<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-LateromedialOblique"> </a></td><td>Lateromedial oblique</td><td>The recommendation is for a lateromedial oblique 
view to be completed on Mammogram and/or Ultrasound. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">LateromedialView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-LateromedialView"> </a></td><td>Lateromedial view</td><td>The recommendation is for a lateromedial view to 
be completed on Mammogram and/or Ultrasound. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">LymphNodeAssessment<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-LymphNodeAssessment"> </a></td><td>Lymph node assessment</td><td>Lymph Node Exam. 
Palpation of the lymph nodes provides information 
about the possible presence of 
a malignant or inflammatory process and the localization 
or generalization of that 
process. 
[https://stanfordmedicine25.stanford.edu/the25/lymph.html] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">MagnificationViews<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-MagnificationViews"> </a></td><td>Magnification views</td><td>A magnification view in mammography is performed 
to evaluate and count microcalcifications and 
its extension (as well the assessment of the borders 
and the tissue structures of 
a suspicious area or a mass) by using a magnification 
device which brings the breast 
away from the film plate and closer to the x-ray 
source. 
This allows the acquisition of magnified images (1.5x 
to 2x magnification) of the 
region of interest. radiopaedia.org &gt; articles &gt; magnification-view-mammography 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">Mammogram<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-Mammogram"> </a></td><td>Mammogram</td><td>A mammogram is an X-Ray picture of the breast. 
It is used to look for early signs of breast cancer. 


Valid for the following modalities: MRI.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">Mammogram3MonthFollow-up<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-Mammogram3MonthFollow-up"> </a></td><td>Mammogram 3 month follow-up</td><td>A three month follow-up is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">Mammogram6MonthFollow-up<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-Mammogram6MonthFollow-up"> </a></td><td>Mammogram 6 month follow-up</td><td>A six month follow-up is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">MammogramAndUltrasound3MonthFollow-up<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-MammogramAndUltrasound3MonthFollow-up"> </a></td><td>Mammogram and ultrasound 3 month follow-up</td><td>A three month follow-up with ultrasound is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">MammogramAndUltrasound6MonthFollow-up<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-MammogramAndUltrasound6MonthFollow-up"> </a></td><td>Mammogram and ultrasound 6 month follow-up</td><td>A six month follow-up with ultrasound is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">MediolateralObliqueView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-MediolateralObliqueView"> </a></td><td>Mediolateral oblique view</td><td>A mediolateral oblique view is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">MediolateralView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-MediolateralView"> </a></td><td>Mediolateral view</td><td>A mediolateral view is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">MLOWithCompressionView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-MLOWithCompressionView"> </a></td><td>MLO with compression view</td><td>An additional MLO with compression view of the breast 
is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">MLOWithMagnificationView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-MLOWithMagnificationView"> </a></td><td>MLO with magnification view</td><td>An additional MLO with magnification view of the 
breast is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">MRI<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-MRI"> </a></td><td>MRI</td><td>An MRI is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">MRIBiopsy<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-MRIBiopsy"> </a></td><td>MRI biopsy</td><td>An MRI with biopsy is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">MRIFollow-up<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-MRIFollow-up"> </a></td><td>MRI follow-up</td><td>An MRI follow-up is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MRI NM.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">NeedleLocationAndSurgicalBiopsy<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-NeedleLocationAndSurgicalBiopsy"> </a></td><td>Needle location and surgical biopsy</td><td>A Needle localization and surgical biopsy is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">NippleInProfileView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-NippleInProfileView"> </a></td><td>Nipple in profile view</td><td>A technically adequate exam has the nipple in profile, 
allows visualization of the 
inframammary fold and includes the pectoralis muscle 
extending down to the posterior 
nipple line (an oblique line drawn straight back 
from the nipple.) 
[https://www.mammoguide.com/mammo-techniques.html] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">OffAngleCCView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-OffAngleCCView"> </a></td><td>Off angle CC view</td><td>An additional off angle CC view of the breast is 
recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">OffAngleMLOView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-OffAngleMLOView"> </a></td><td>Off angle MLO view</td><td>An additional off angle MLO  view of the breast is 
recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">Poss.StereotacticBx<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-Poss.46StereotacticBx"> </a></td><td>Poss. Stereotactic Bx</td><td>Stereotactic breast biopsy uses mammography - a specific 
type of breast imaging that 
uses low-dose x-rays - to help locate a breast abnormality 
and remove a tissue sample 
for examination under a microscope. 
It's less invasive than surgical biopsy, leaves little 
to no scarring and can be 
an excellent way to evaluate calcium deposits or 
tiny masses that are not visible 
on ultrasound. 
[https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?pg=breastbixr] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">PossibleCoreBiopsy<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-PossibleCoreBiopsy"> </a></td><td>Possible core biopsy</td><td>A core needle biopsy (CNB)  uses a hollow needle 
to take out pieces of breast tissue from 
a suspicious area in an imaging test. 
The needle may be attached to a spring-loaded tool 
that moves the needle in and out 
of the tissue quickly, or it may be attached to a 
suction device that helps pull 
breast tissue into the needle. 
A small cylinder (core) of tissue is taken out in 
the needle. 
Several cores are often removed. 
[https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/screening-tests-and-early-detection/breast-biopsy/core-needle-biopsy-of-the-breast.html] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">PossibleDiagnosticMammogram<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-PossibleDiagnosticMammogram"> </a></td><td>Possible Diagnostic Mammogram</td><td>A possible diagnostic mammogram is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">PossibleStereotacticVacuumBiopsy<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-PossibleStereotacticVacuumBiopsy"> </a></td><td>Possible stereotactic vacuum biopsy</td><td>Based on the results of the mammogram, a possible 
stereotactic vacuum biopsy is recommended. 
During this type of biopsy, small samples of tissue 
are removed from the breast using 
a hollow needle, which is precisely guided to the 
correct location using x-rays and 
computer generated coordinates of the concerning 
area of breast tissue. 
[https://www.genesishealth.com/care-treatment/cancer/treat/breast/diagnosis/sterotactic_vacuum/] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">PossibleSurgicalConsult<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-PossibleSurgicalConsult"> </a></td><td>Possible surgical consult</td><td>A possible surgical consultation may be recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: NM.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">PossibleSurgicalEvaluation<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-PossibleSurgicalEvaluation"> </a></td><td>Possible surgical evaluation</td><td>A possible surgical evaluation is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: NM.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">PossibleUltrasound<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-PossibleUltrasound"> </a></td><td>Possible ultrasound</td><td>A possible ultrasound is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">PossibleUltrasoundGuidedBiopsy<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-PossibleUltrasoundGuidedBiopsy"> </a></td><td>Possible ultrasound guided biopsy</td><td>A possible ultrasound guided biopsy is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">PossibleVacuumBiopsy<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-PossibleVacuumBiopsy"> </a></td><td>Possible vacuum biopsy</td><td>A possible vacuum biopsy is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">RepeatCCView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-RepeatCCView"> </a></td><td>Repeat CC view</td><td>Another CC view of Mammogram is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">RepeatMLOView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-RepeatMLOView"> </a></td><td>Repeat MLO view</td><td>Another MLO view of Mammogram is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">RolledLateralView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-RolledLateralView"> </a></td><td>Rolled lateral view</td><td>A rolled CC lateral view is recommended. 
A rolled CC view Is performed to locate a lesion 
only visible in the cranio-caudal 
view, or when overlapped tissues in the standard 
view can simulate or partially conceal 
a lesion: changing of  tissues distribution  allows 
to determine whether or not its 
presence. 
When the lesion identified moves medially or laterally 
respect to the standard projection, 
it is possible to determine in which quadrant it 
is localized. 
The breast is positioned on the image receptor as 
for the cranio-caudal view, then 
is rotated medially or laterally around the axis 
of the nipple prior to applying 
compression. 
[https://radiopaedia.org/articles/rolled-cc-view-1?lang=us] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">RolledMedialView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-RolledMedialView"> </a></td><td>Rolled medial view</td><td>A rolled medial view is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">ScintimammogramGuidedBiopsy<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-ScintimammogramGuidedBiopsy"> </a></td><td>Scintimammogram Guided Biopsy</td><td>A Scintimammogram guided biopsy is recommended. 
This is performed by taking samples of an abnormality 
under guidance from the Scintimammogram. 
Scintimammography uses small amounts of radioactive 
material, a special camera and a computer to help 
investigate a breast abnormality. 
This helps to guide the radiologist's biopsy equipment 

to the site of the imaging abnormality. 
[https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?pg=breastbixr] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">Scintimammography<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-Scintimammography"> </a></td><td>Scintimammography</td><td>A scintimammogram is recommended. 
Scintimammography is also known as nuclear medicine 
breast imaging, Breast Specific 
Gamma Imaging (BSGI) and Molecular Breast Imaging 
(MBI). 
This type of exam is used to investigate a breast 
abnormality found with mammography. 
Scintimammography uses small amounts of radioactive 
material, a special camera and 
a computer to help investigate a breast abnormality. 
Scintimammography can detect cancer even when dense 
breast tissue and breast implants 
are present. 
It can reduce unnecessary procedures by helping determine 
whether a biopsy is needed. 
[https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?pg=scintimammo] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">SpotCompression<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-SpotCompression"> </a></td><td>Spot compression</td><td>A spot compression is recommended. 
A spot view (also known as a spot compression view 
or focal compression view) is 
an additional mammographic view performed by applying 
the compression to a smaller 
area of tissue using a small compression paddle, 
increasing the effective pressure 
on that spot. 
This results in better tissue separation and allows 
better visualization of the breast 
tissue in that area. 
It is used to distinguish between the presence of 
a true lesion and an overlap of 
tissues, as well to better show the borders of an 
abnormality or questionable area 
or a little cluster of faint microcalcifications 
in a dense area. 
[https://radiopaedia.org/articles/spot-view-mammography?lang=us] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US NM.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">SpotMagnificationViews<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-SpotMagnificationViews"> </a></td><td>Spot magnification views</td><td>Spot magnification views are recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">StereotacticBx<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-StereotacticBx"> </a></td><td>Stereotactic bx</td><td>A stereotactic biopsy is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">SuperolateralIOView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-SuperolateralIOView"> </a></td><td>Superolateral IO view</td><td>A superolateral IO view is recommended. 
The view of the upper outer quadrant of the breast. 
This is the quadrant of the breast that is closest 
to the armpit. 
There are 4 quadrants in the anatomy of a breast. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">SurgicalBiopsy<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-SurgicalBiopsy"> </a></td><td>Surgical biopsy</td><td>A surgical biopsy is recommended. 
A surgical biopsy is a procedure that involves the 
surgical removal of tissue from 
a lump or mass for examination under a microscope. 
This test may also be called an open biopsy. 
Surgical biopsies can be excisional (removal of an 
entire lump or abnormal area) 
or incisional (removal of a piece of a lump or abnormal 
area). 
[https://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/diagnosis-and-treatment/tests-and-procedures/surgical-biopsy/?region=on] 

Valid for the following modalities: NM.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">SurgicalConsult<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-SurgicalConsult"> </a></td><td>Surgical consult</td><td>A surgical consult is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">SurgicalConsultAndBiopsy<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-SurgicalConsultAndBiopsy"> </a></td><td>Surgical consult and biopsy</td><td>A surgical consult and biopsy is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">SurgicalEvaluation<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-SurgicalEvaluation"> </a></td><td>Surgical evaluation</td><td>The recommendation is for a surgical evaluation. 


Valid for the following modalities: NM.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">SurgicalExcision<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-SurgicalExcision"> </a></td><td>Surgical excision</td><td>The recommendation is for a surgical excision. 


Valid for the following modalities: NM.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">SurgicalOncologicEvaluation<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-SurgicalOncologicEvaluation"> </a></td><td>Surgical oncologic evaluation</td><td>The recommendation is for a surgical oncologic evaluation. 


Valid for the following modalities: NM.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">SurgicalOncologicalConsult<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-SurgicalOncologicalConsult"> </a></td><td>Surgical oncological consult</td><td>The recommendation is for a surgical oncologic consult. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">TangentialView<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-TangentialView"> </a></td><td>Tangential view</td><td>A tangential view is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">TangentialViews<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-TangentialViews"> </a></td><td>Tangential views</td><td>Tangential views are recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">Ultrasound<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-Ultrasound"> </a></td><td>Ultrasound</td><td>An ultrasound is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG MRI NM.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">Ultrasound2ndLook<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-Ultrasound2ndLook"> </a></td><td>Ultrasound 2nd Look</td><td>An additional ultrasound is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">Ultrasound3MonthFollow-up<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-Ultrasound3MonthFollow-up"> </a></td><td>Ultrasound 3 month follow-up</td><td>An additional ultrasound is recommended in a 3 month 
follow-up. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">Ultrasound6MonthFollow-up<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-Ultrasound6MonthFollow-up"> </a></td><td>Ultrasound 6 month follow-up</td><td>An additional ultrasound is recommended in a 3 month 
follow-up. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">UltrasoundGuidedBx<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-UltrasoundGuidedBx"> </a></td><td>Ultrasound guided bx</td><td>An ultrasound guided biopsy is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">UltrasoundLocationAndSurgicalBiopsy<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-UltrasoundLocationAndSurgicalBiopsy"> </a></td><td>Ultrasound location and surgical biopsy</td><td>An ultrasound localized and surgical biopsy is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">UltrasoundWithPossibleAddlitonalViews<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-UltrasoundWithPossibleAddlitonalViews"> </a></td><td>Ultrasound with possible addlitonal views</td><td>An ultrasound with possible additional views are 
recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">Unspecified/Other<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-Unspecified.47Other"> </a></td><td>Unspecified / other</td><td>Unspecified / other 


Valid for the following modalities: US MRI.</td></tr><tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">VacuumBx<a name="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS-VacuumBx"> </a></td><td>Vacuum Bx</td><td>A vacuum biopsy is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US.</td></tr></table></div>
  </text>
  <url
       value="http://hl7.org/fhir/us/breast-radiology/CodeSystem/RecommendationsCodeSystemCS"/>
  <version value="0.2.0"/>
  <name value="RecommendationsCodeSystemCS"/>
  <title value="Recommendations CodeSystem"/>
  <status value="draft"/>
  <date value="2019-11-01T00:00:00+00:00"/>
  <publisher value="Hl7 - Clinical Interoperability Council"/>
  <contact>
    <telecom>
      <system value="url"/>
      <value value="http://hl7.org/Special/committees/cic"/>
    </telecom>
  </contact>
  <description value="Recommendations code system"/>
  <jurisdiction>
    <coding>
      <system value="http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49.htm"/>
      <code value="001"/>
    </coding>
  </jurisdiction>
  <caseSensitive value="true"/>
  <content value="complete"/>
  <count value="97"/>
  <concept>
    <code value="3DImaging"/>
    <display value="3D Imaging"/>
    <definition
                value="Advanced Technology that takes multiple images, or 
X-rays, of breast tissue to recreate 
a 3-dimensional picture of the breast. 
Also called breast tomosynthesis. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="3DSpotCC"/>
    <display value="3D spot CC"/>
    <definition
                value="Advanced Technology that takes multiple images, or 
X-rays, of breast tissue to recreate 
a 3-dimensional picture of the breast. 
Cranial-Caudal (CC) is a 3D view from above the breast. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="3DSpotLM"/>
    <display value="3D spot LM"/>
    <definition
                value="Advanced Technology that takes multiple images, or 
X-rays, of breast tissue to recreate 
a 3-dimensional picture of the breast. 
Lateral-medial (LM) is 


Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="3DSpotML"/>
    <display value="3D spot ML"/>
    <definition
                value="Advanced Technology that takes multiple images, or 
X-rays, of breast tissue to recreate 
a 3-dimensional picture of the breast. 
Mediolateral (ML) is 


Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="3DSpotMLO"/>
    <display value="3D spot MLO"/>
    <definition
                value="Advanced Technology that takes multiple images, or 
X-rays, of breast tissue to recreate 
a 3-dimensional picture of the breast. 
Mediolateral-oblique (MLO) is 


Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="AdditionalViews"/>
    <display value="Additional views"/>
    <definition
                value="Additional views in Mammography, MRI and US, help 
increase the chances of finding 
any possible tumors in the breast. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="AddlitionalViewsWithPossibleUltrasound"/>
    <display value="Addlitional views with possible ultrasound"/>
    <definition
                value="Additional views in a Mammogram, MRI or Ultrasound 
are recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="AxillaView"/>
    <display value="Axilla view"/>
    <definition
                value="An axillary view (also known as a &quot;Cleopatra view&quot;) 
is a type of view in mammography. It is 
an exaggerated craniocaudal view for better imaging 
of the lateral portion of the 
breast to the axillary tail. 
This projection is performed whenever we want to 
show a lesion seen only in the axillary 
tail on the MLO view. 
An optimal axillary view require to be clearly displayed 
the most lateral portion 
of the breast including the axillary tail, as well 
the pectoral muscle and the nipple 
in profile. 
[https://radiopaedia.org/articles/axillary-view?lang=us] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="AxillaryTailView"/>
    <display value="Axillary tail view"/>
    <definition
                value="The tail of Spence (Spence&#39;s tail, axillary process, 
axillary tail) is an extension 
of the tissue of the breast that extends into the 
axilla. 
It is actually an extension of the upper lateral 
quadrant of the breast. 
It passes into the axilla through an opening in the 
deep fascia called foramen of 
Langer. 
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tail_of_Spence] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="Biopsy"/>
    <display value="Biopsy"/>
    <definition
                value="A biopsy is recommended. 
An examination under a microscope  of the specific 
tissue removed from the body. 
The examination is used to check for abnormalities 
or cancer cells. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="BiopsyBaseOnClinical"/>
    <display value="Biopsy base on clinical"/>
    <definition
                value="Based on the clinical exam, a biopsy is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="CaudocranialView"/>
    <display value="Caudocranial view"/>
    <definition
                value="It is recommended that a Caudocranial view is captured 
by Ultrasound and/or Mammogram. 
It is useful for the study of breasts in the lower 
quadrants. 
The patient will bend forward at the waist to view 
the underside of the breast. 
Also called a reverse CC view. 
The reversed CC view is an additional view. 
It is useful for the study of breasts with surgical 
scars in the lower quadrants. 
The ability to see the scar through the compressor 
paddle offers to the mammographer 
the possibility to flatten it properly, reducing 
the formation of scar folds as well 
artifacts from false parenchymal distortion. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="CCWithCompressionView"/>
    <display value="CC with compression view"/>
    <definition
                value="The recommendation is for a CC with compression view 
to be completed on an Ultrasound and/or Mammogram. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="CCWithMagnificationView"/>
    <display value="CC with magnification view"/>
    <definition
                value="The recommendation is for a CC with magnification 
view to be completed on an Ultrasound and/or Mammogram. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="CleavageView"/>
    <display value="Cleavage view"/>
    <definition
                value="It is recommended that a cleavage view is captured 
via Mammogram and/or Ultrasound. 
Also called &quot;valley view&quot; is a mammogram view that 
images the most central portions 
of the breasts. 
To get as much central tissue as possible, the mammogram 
technologist will place 
both breasts on the plate at the same time to image 
the medial half of both breasts. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="ClinicalConsultation"/>
    <display value="Clinical consultation"/>
    <definition
                value="A clinical consultation is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="ClinicalCorrelation"/>
    <display value="Clinical correlation"/>
    <definition
                value="The recommendation is for a clinicial correlation 
and/or comparison to be completed. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="ClinicalFollow-up"/>
    <display value="Clinical follow-up"/>
    <definition
                value="The recommendation is for a clinical follow-up to 
be completed. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="CompareToPriorExams"/>
    <display value="Compare to prior exams"/>
    <definition
                value="The recommendation is for a compare to prior exams 
to be completed. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="CompressionViews"/>
    <display value="Compression views"/>
    <definition
                value="It is recommended that a compression view is admininstered 
via Mammogram or Ultrasound. 
All mammograms use compression of the breast. 
By applying compression to only a specific area of 
the breast, the effective pressure 
is increased on that spot. 
This results in better tissue separation and allows 
better visualization of the area 
of the breast needing additional examination. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="ConeCompression"/>
    <display value="Cone compression"/>
    <definition
                value="A cone compression is recommended to catch a specific 
spot or view during the mammogram 
and/or ultrasound. 
Spot views apply the compression to a smaller area 
of tissue using a small compression 
plate or &quot;cone&quot;. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="CoreBiopsy"/>
    <display value="Core Biopsy"/>
    <definition
                value="It is recommended that a core biopsy procedure is 
administered. 
It is a procedure where a needle is passed through 
the skin to take a sample of tissue 
from a mass or lump. 
The tissue is then examined under a microscope for 
any abnormalities. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="CraniocaudalView"/>
    <display value="Craniocaudal view"/>
    <definition
                value="Cranial-Caudal (CC) is a view from above the breast 
during a mammogram or ultrasound. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="Cryoablation"/>
    <display value="Cryoablation"/>
    <definition
                value="Uses imaging guidance, a needle-like applicator called 
a cryoprobe, and liquid nitrogen 
or argon gas to create intense cold to freeze and 
destroy diseased tissue, including 
cancer cells. 
It may be used to treat a variety of skin conditions 
as well as tumors within the 
liver, kidneys, bones, lungs and breasts. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="CystAspiration"/>
    <display value="Cyst aspiration"/>
    <definition
                value="A cyst aspiration is a procedure used to drain fluid 
from a breast cyst. 
The vast majority of cysts are benign (non-cancerous), 
though some are quite tender. 
Aspirating the fluid from a cyst may alleviate symptoms 
or discomfort. 
In some cases, specimens are sent to pathology. 
[www.carolmilgardbreastcenter.org &gt; Cyst_Aspiration] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="CystAspirationForRelief"/>
    <display value="Cyst aspiration for relief"/>
    <definition
                value="One way to get relief from the pain of a cyst is 
to remove fluid from 
the cyst, thereby decreasing the pressure. 
This is called aspiration for relief. 


Valid for the following modalities: US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="DiagnosticAspiration"/>
    <display value="Diagnostic aspiration"/>
    <definition
                value="This is a fine needle aspiration and is a type of 
biopsy procedure. 
In fine needle aspiration, a thin needle is inserted 
into an area of abnormal-appearing 
tissue or body fluid. 
[https://www.webmd.com &gt; a-to-z-guides &gt; fine-needle-aspiration] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="DiagnosticMammogram"/>
    <display value="Diagnostic Mammogram"/>
    <definition
                value="While screening mammograms are used as a routine 
check-up for breast health,  diagnostic 
mammograms are used after suspicious results on a 
screening mammogram or after some 
signs of breast cancer alert the physician to check 
the tissue.These signs may include 
a lump or breast pain. 
[https://www.nationalbreastcancer.org/diagnostic-mammogram] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="DrainageTube"/>
    <display value="Drainage tube"/>
    <definition
                value="The recommendation is for a drainage tube to be attached 
to breast. 
A drainage tube is a tube used to remove pus, blood 
or other fluids from a wound. 
This is a common practice by surgeons or interventional 
radiologists. 
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drain_(surgery)] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="Ductography"/>
    <display value="Ductography"/>
    <definition
                value="A ductogram, also called a galactogram, is a special 
type of mammogram used for imaging 
the breast ducts. 
It can aid in diagnosing the cause of abnormal nipple 
discharges. 
Ductography (also called galactography or ductogalactography) 
is a special type of 
contrast enhanced mammography used for imaging the 
breast ducts. 
Ductography can aid in diagnosing the cause of an 
abnormal nipple discharge and is 
valuable in diagnosing intraductal papillomas and 
other conditions. 
[https://www.imaginis.com/mammography/ductogram-galactogram-imaging-the-breast-ducts] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="ExaggeratedCCViews"/>
    <display value="Exaggerated CC views"/>
    <definition
                value="An XCCL view is a supplementary mammographic view. 
It is a type of exaggerated cranio-caudal view. 
It is particularly good for imaging the lateral aspect 
of the breast. It is often 
done when a lesion is suspected on a MLO view but 
cannot be seen on the CC view. In 
this view, the lateral aspect of the breast is placed 
forward. 
One rationale of performing this view is that many 
cancers are located in the lateral 
aspect of the breast. 
An XCCM view is a supplementary mammographic view. 
It is a type of exaggerated cranio-caudal view. 
It is particularly good for imaging the medial portion 
of the breast. 
In this view, the medial portion of the breast is 
placed forward. 
A negative 15degrees tube tilt is suggested. 
An optimal XCCM view requires the most medial portion 
of the breast and the nipple 
in profile to be clearly displayed. 
[https://radiopaedia.org/articles/xccl-view?lang=us] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="FNABiopsy"/>
    <display value="FNA biopsy"/>
    <definition
                value="FNA stands for Fine needle aspiration and this is 
a type of biopsy procedure. 
In fine needle aspiration, a thin needle is inserted 
into an area of abnormal-appearing 
tissue or body fluid. 
As with other types of biopsies, the sample collected 
during fine needle aspiration 
can help make a diagnosis or rule out conditions 
such as cancer. 
[https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/fine-needle-aspiration#1] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="Follow-up"/>
    <display value="Follow-up"/>
    <definition
                value="It is recommended to make a follow-up appointment. 


Valid for the following modalities: US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="Followup3Months"/>
    <display value="Followup 3 months"/>
    <definition
                value="It is recommended to make a follow-up appointment 
in 3 months. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="Followup6Months"/>
    <display value="Followup 6 months"/>
    <definition
                value="It is recommended to make a follow-up appointment 
in 6 months. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="IfPreviousShowNoChange"/>
    <display value="If previous show no change"/>
    <definition
                value="The recommendation is for a if previous show no change 
to be completed. 


Valid for the following modalities: US MRI."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="LateralMagnificationView"/>
    <display value="Lateral magnification view"/>
    <definition
                value="The recommendation is for a Lateral magnification 
view to be completed on Mammogram and/or Ultrasound. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="LateralMedialView"/>
    <display value="Lateral medial view"/>
    <definition
                value="There are different views of the breast in mammography. 
For the LM view, the tube is lateral and the detector 
is placed medially 
LM view is best for evaluating medial lesions. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="LateralView"/>
    <display value="Lateral view"/>
    <definition
                value="There are different views of the breast in mammography. 
The lateral view is a view obtained at virtually 
every diagnostic evaluation. 
A lateral view may be obtained as a mediolateral 
view (ML) or lateromedial view (LM) 
view depending on where the imaging tube and detector 
are located. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="LateralWithCompressionView"/>
    <display value="Lateral with compression view"/>
    <definition
                value="The recommendation is for a Lateral with compression 
view to be completed on Mammogram. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="LateromedialOblique"/>
    <display value="Lateromedial oblique"/>
    <definition
                value="The recommendation is for a lateromedial oblique 
view to be completed on Mammogram and/or Ultrasound. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="LateromedialView"/>
    <display value="Lateromedial view"/>
    <definition
                value="The recommendation is for a lateromedial view to 
be completed on Mammogram and/or Ultrasound. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="LymphNodeAssessment"/>
    <display value="Lymph node assessment"/>
    <definition
                value="Lymph Node Exam. 
Palpation of the lymph nodes provides information 
about the possible presence of 
a malignant or inflammatory process and the localization 
or generalization of that 
process. 
[https://stanfordmedicine25.stanford.edu/the25/lymph.html] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="MagnificationViews"/>
    <display value="Magnification views"/>
    <definition
                value="A magnification view in mammography is performed 
to evaluate and count microcalcifications and 
its extension (as well the assessment of the borders 
and the tissue structures of 
a suspicious area or a mass) by using a magnification 
device which brings the breast 
away from the film plate and closer to the x-ray 
source. 
This allows the acquisition of magnified images (1.5x 
to 2x magnification) of the 
region of interest. radiopaedia.org &gt; articles &gt; magnification-view-mammography 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="Mammogram"/>
    <display value="Mammogram"/>
    <definition
                value="A mammogram is an X-Ray picture of the breast. 
It is used to look for early signs of breast cancer. 


Valid for the following modalities: MRI."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="Mammogram3MonthFollow-up"/>
    <display value="Mammogram 3 month follow-up"/>
    <definition
                value="A three month follow-up is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="Mammogram6MonthFollow-up"/>
    <display value="Mammogram 6 month follow-up"/>
    <definition
                value="A six month follow-up is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="MammogramAndUltrasound3MonthFollow-up"/>
    <display value="Mammogram and ultrasound 3 month follow-up"/>
    <definition
                value="A three month follow-up with ultrasound is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="MammogramAndUltrasound6MonthFollow-up"/>
    <display value="Mammogram and ultrasound 6 month follow-up"/>
    <definition
                value="A six month follow-up with ultrasound is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="MediolateralObliqueView"/>
    <display value="Mediolateral oblique view"/>
    <definition
                value="A mediolateral oblique view is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="MediolateralView"/>
    <display value="Mediolateral view"/>
    <definition
                value="A mediolateral view is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="MLOWithCompressionView"/>
    <display value="MLO with compression view"/>
    <definition
                value="An additional MLO with compression view of the breast 
is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="MLOWithMagnificationView"/>
    <display value="MLO with magnification view"/>
    <definition
                value="An additional MLO with magnification view of the 
breast is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="MRI"/>
    <display value="MRI"/>
    <definition
                value="An MRI is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="MRIBiopsy"/>
    <display value="MRI biopsy"/>
    <definition
                value="An MRI with biopsy is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="MRIFollow-up"/>
    <display value="MRI follow-up"/>
    <definition
                value="An MRI follow-up is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MRI NM."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="NeedleLocationAndSurgicalBiopsy"/>
    <display value="Needle location and surgical biopsy"/>
    <definition
                value="A Needle localization and surgical biopsy is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="NippleInProfileView"/>
    <display value="Nipple in profile view"/>
    <definition
                value="A technically adequate exam has the nipple in profile, 
allows visualization of the 
inframammary fold and includes the pectoralis muscle 
extending down to the posterior 
nipple line (an oblique line drawn straight back 
from the nipple.) 
[https://www.mammoguide.com/mammo-techniques.html] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="OffAngleCCView"/>
    <display value="Off angle CC view"/>
    <definition
                value="An additional off angle CC view of the breast is 
recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="OffAngleMLOView"/>
    <display value="Off angle MLO view"/>
    <definition
                value="An additional off angle MLO  view of the breast is 
recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="Poss.StereotacticBx"/>
    <display value="Poss. Stereotactic Bx"/>
    <definition
                value="Stereotactic breast biopsy uses mammography - a specific 
type of breast imaging that 
uses low-dose x-rays - to help locate a breast abnormality 
and remove a tissue sample 
for examination under a microscope. 
It&#39;s less invasive than surgical biopsy, leaves little 
to no scarring and can be 
an excellent way to evaluate calcium deposits or 
tiny masses that are not visible 
on ultrasound. 
[https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?pg=breastbixr] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="PossibleCoreBiopsy"/>
    <display value="Possible core biopsy"/>
    <definition
                value="A core needle biopsy (CNB)  uses a hollow needle 
to take out pieces of breast tissue from 
a suspicious area in an imaging test. 
The needle may be attached to a spring-loaded tool 
that moves the needle in and out 
of the tissue quickly, or it may be attached to a 
suction device that helps pull 
breast tissue into the needle. 
A small cylinder (core) of tissue is taken out in 
the needle. 
Several cores are often removed. 
[https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/screening-tests-and-early-detection/breast-biopsy/core-needle-biopsy-of-the-breast.html] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="PossibleDiagnosticMammogram"/>
    <display value="Possible Diagnostic Mammogram"/>
    <definition
                value="A possible diagnostic mammogram is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="PossibleStereotacticVacuumBiopsy"/>
    <display value="Possible stereotactic vacuum biopsy"/>
    <definition
                value="Based on the results of the mammogram, a possible 
stereotactic vacuum biopsy is recommended. 
During this type of biopsy, small samples of tissue 
are removed from the breast using 
a hollow needle, which is precisely guided to the 
correct location using x-rays and 
computer generated coordinates of the concerning 
area of breast tissue. 
[https://www.genesishealth.com/care-treatment/cancer/treat/breast/diagnosis/sterotactic_vacuum/] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="PossibleSurgicalConsult"/>
    <display value="Possible surgical consult"/>
    <definition
                value="A possible surgical consultation may be recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: NM."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="PossibleSurgicalEvaluation"/>
    <display value="Possible surgical evaluation"/>
    <definition
                value="A possible surgical evaluation is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: NM."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="PossibleUltrasound"/>
    <display value="Possible ultrasound"/>
    <definition
                value="A possible ultrasound is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="PossibleUltrasoundGuidedBiopsy"/>
    <display value="Possible ultrasound guided biopsy"/>
    <definition
                value="A possible ultrasound guided biopsy is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="PossibleVacuumBiopsy"/>
    <display value="Possible vacuum biopsy"/>
    <definition
                value="A possible vacuum biopsy is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="RepeatCCView"/>
    <display value="Repeat CC view"/>
    <definition
                value="Another CC view of Mammogram is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="RepeatMLOView"/>
    <display value="Repeat MLO view"/>
    <definition
                value="Another MLO view of Mammogram is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="RolledLateralView"/>
    <display value="Rolled lateral view"/>
    <definition
                value="A rolled CC lateral view is recommended. 
A rolled CC view Is performed to locate a lesion 
only visible in the cranio-caudal 
view, or when overlapped tissues in the standard 
view can simulate or partially conceal 
a lesion: changing of  tissues distribution  allows 
to determine whether or not its 
presence. 
When the lesion identified moves medially or laterally 
respect to the standard projection, 
it is possible to determine in which quadrant it 
is localized. 
The breast is positioned on the image receptor as 
for the cranio-caudal view, then 
is rotated medially or laterally around the axis 
of the nipple prior to applying 
compression. 
[https://radiopaedia.org/articles/rolled-cc-view-1?lang=us] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="RolledMedialView"/>
    <display value="Rolled medial view"/>
    <definition
                value="A rolled medial view is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="ScintimammogramGuidedBiopsy"/>
    <display value="Scintimammogram Guided Biopsy"/>
    <definition
                value="A Scintimammogram guided biopsy is recommended. 
This is performed by taking samples of an abnormality 
under guidance from the Scintimammogram. 
Scintimammography uses small amounts of radioactive 
material, a special camera and a computer to help 
investigate a breast abnormality. 
This helps to guide the radiologist&#39;s biopsy equipment 

to the site of the imaging abnormality. 
[https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?pg=breastbixr] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="Scintimammography"/>
    <display value="Scintimammography"/>
    <definition
                value="A scintimammogram is recommended. 
Scintimammography is also known as nuclear medicine 
breast imaging, Breast Specific 
Gamma Imaging (BSGI) and Molecular Breast Imaging 
(MBI). 
This type of exam is used to investigate a breast 
abnormality found with mammography. 
Scintimammography uses small amounts of radioactive 
material, a special camera and 
a computer to help investigate a breast abnormality. 
Scintimammography can detect cancer even when dense 
breast tissue and breast implants 
are present. 
It can reduce unnecessary procedures by helping determine 
whether a biopsy is needed. 
[https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?pg=scintimammo] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="SpotCompression"/>
    <display value="Spot compression"/>
    <definition
                value="A spot compression is recommended. 
A spot view (also known as a spot compression view 
or focal compression view) is 
an additional mammographic view performed by applying 
the compression to a smaller 
area of tissue using a small compression paddle, 
increasing the effective pressure 
on that spot. 
This results in better tissue separation and allows 
better visualization of the breast 
tissue in that area. 
It is used to distinguish between the presence of 
a true lesion and an overlap of 
tissues, as well to better show the borders of an 
abnormality or questionable area 
or a little cluster of faint microcalcifications 
in a dense area. 
[https://radiopaedia.org/articles/spot-view-mammography?lang=us] 

Valid for the following modalities: MG US NM."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="SpotMagnificationViews"/>
    <display value="Spot magnification views"/>
    <definition
                value="Spot magnification views are recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="StereotacticBx"/>
    <display value="Stereotactic bx"/>
    <definition
                value="A stereotactic biopsy is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="SuperolateralIOView"/>
    <display value="Superolateral IO view"/>
    <definition
                value="A superolateral IO view is recommended. 
The view of the upper outer quadrant of the breast. 
This is the quadrant of the breast that is closest 
to the armpit. 
There are 4 quadrants in the anatomy of a breast. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="SurgicalBiopsy"/>
    <display value="Surgical biopsy"/>
    <definition
                value="A surgical biopsy is recommended. 
A surgical biopsy is a procedure that involves the 
surgical removal of tissue from 
a lump or mass for examination under a microscope. 
This test may also be called an open biopsy. 
Surgical biopsies can be excisional (removal of an 
entire lump or abnormal area) 
or incisional (removal of a piece of a lump or abnormal 
area). 
[https://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/diagnosis-and-treatment/tests-and-procedures/surgical-biopsy/?region=on] 

Valid for the following modalities: NM."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="SurgicalConsult"/>
    <display value="Surgical consult"/>
    <definition
                value="A surgical consult is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="SurgicalConsultAndBiopsy"/>
    <display value="Surgical consult and biopsy"/>
    <definition
                value="A surgical consult and biopsy is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="SurgicalEvaluation"/>
    <display value="Surgical evaluation"/>
    <definition
                value="The recommendation is for a surgical evaluation. 


Valid for the following modalities: NM."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="SurgicalExcision"/>
    <display value="Surgical excision"/>
    <definition
                value="The recommendation is for a surgical excision. 


Valid for the following modalities: NM."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="SurgicalOncologicEvaluation"/>
    <display value="Surgical oncologic evaluation"/>
    <definition
                value="The recommendation is for a surgical oncologic evaluation. 


Valid for the following modalities: NM."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="SurgicalOncologicalConsult"/>
    <display value="Surgical oncological consult"/>
    <definition
                value="The recommendation is for a surgical oncologic consult. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="TangentialView"/>
    <display value="Tangential view"/>
    <definition
                value="A tangential view is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="TangentialViews"/>
    <display value="Tangential views"/>
    <definition
                value="Tangential views are recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="Ultrasound"/>
    <display value="Ultrasound"/>
    <definition
                value="An ultrasound is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG MRI NM."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="Ultrasound2ndLook"/>
    <display value="Ultrasound 2nd Look"/>
    <definition
                value="An additional ultrasound is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="Ultrasound3MonthFollow-up"/>
    <display value="Ultrasound 3 month follow-up"/>
    <definition
                value="An additional ultrasound is recommended in a 3 month 
follow-up. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="Ultrasound6MonthFollow-up"/>
    <display value="Ultrasound 6 month follow-up"/>
    <definition
                value="An additional ultrasound is recommended in a 3 month 
follow-up. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="UltrasoundGuidedBx"/>
    <display value="Ultrasound guided bx"/>
    <definition
                value="An ultrasound guided biopsy is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI NM."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="UltrasoundLocationAndSurgicalBiopsy"/>
    <display value="Ultrasound location and surgical biopsy"/>
    <definition
                value="An ultrasound localized and surgical biopsy is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="UltrasoundWithPossibleAddlitonalViews"/>
    <display value="Ultrasound with possible addlitonal views"/>
    <definition
                value="An ultrasound with possible additional views are 
recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="Unspecified/Other"/>
    <display value="Unspecified / other"/>
    <definition
                value="Unspecified / other 


Valid for the following modalities: US MRI."/>
  </concept>
  <concept>
    <code value="VacuumBx"/>
    <display value="Vacuum Bx"/>
    <definition
                value="A vacuum biopsy is recommended. 


Valid for the following modalities: MG US."/>
  </concept>
</CodeSystem>