International Patient Summary Implementation Guide Implementation Guide Release 0.1.0

This page is part of the International Patient Summary Implementation Guide (v0.1.0: STU 1 Ballot 1) based on FHIR R3. The current version which supercedes this version is 1.1.0. For a full list of available versions, see the Directory of published versions

JSON Format: StructureDefinition-observation-member-laboratory-uv-ips

Raw json

{
  "resourceType" : "StructureDefinition",
  "id" : "observation-member-laboratory-uv-ips",
  "meta" : {
    "lastUpdated" : "2018-02-17T04:38:24.701+11:00"
  },
  "text" : {
    "status" : "generated",
    "div" : "<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; font-size: 11px; font-family: verdana; vertical-align: top;"><tr style="border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; font-size: 11px; font-family: verdana; vertical-align: top;"><th style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/formats.html#table" title="The logical name of the element">Name</a></th><th style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/formats.html#table" title="Information about the use of the element">Flags</a></th><th style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/formats.html#table" title="Minimum and Maximum # of times the the element can appear in the instance">Card.</a></th><th style="width: 100px" class="hierarchy"><a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/formats.html#table" title="Reference to the type of the element">Type</a></th><th style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/formats.html#table" title="Additional information about the element">Description &amp; Constraints</a><span style="float: right"><a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/formats.html#table" title="Legend for this format"><img src="http://hl7.org/fhir/help16.png" alt="doco" style="background-color: inherit"/></a></span></th></tr><tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck1.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_element.gif" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Element" class="hierarchy"/> <a href="StructureDefinition-observation-member-laboratory-uv-ips-definitions.html#Observation" title="Either a laboratory simple observation member of a laboratory panel or study,  or a clinical observation associated with this study, in order to enable the interpretation of this set of observations">Observation</a><a name="Observation"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">simple observation</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck10.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_element.gif" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Element" class="hierarchy"/> <span style="text-decoration:line-through" title="null">basedOn</span><a name="Observation.basedOn"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="text-decoration:line-through"/><span style="text-decoration:line-through"></span><span style="text-decoration:line-through">..</span><span style="text-decoration:line-through">0</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck10.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_element.gif" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Element" class="hierarchy"/> <a href="StructureDefinition-observation-member-laboratory-uv-ips-definitions.html#Observation.status" title="The status of the result value.  Only final results feed patient summaries.">status</a><a name="Observation.status"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="font-weight:bold">Fixed Value: </span><span style="color: darkgreen">final</span></td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck10.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_datatype.gif" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Data Type" class="hierarchy"/> <a href="StructureDefinition-observation-member-laboratory-uv-ips-definitions.html#Observation.category" title="A code that classifies the general type of observation being made, between two categories: 
a) laboratory observation: &quot;laboratory&quot;
b) clinical observation: &quot;vital-signs&quot;">category</a><a name="Observation.category"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 3px; color: white; background-color: red" title="This element must be supported">S</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">1..1</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="StructureDefinition-codeableconcept-uv-ips.html" title="CodeableConcept">CodeableConcept-uv-ips</a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="font-weight:bold">Binding: </span><a href="ValueSet-sub-observation-category-uv-ips.html">ObservationSubCategories</a> (<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/terminologies.html#required" title="To be conformant, the concept in this element SHALL be from the specified value set">required</a>)</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck10.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_datatype.gif" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Data Type" class="hierarchy"/> <a href="StructureDefinition-observation-member-laboratory-uv-ips-definitions.html#Observation.code" title="null">code</a><a name="Observation.code"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 3px; color: white; background-color: red" title="This element must be supported">S</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="StructureDefinition-codeableconcept-uv-ips.html" title="CodeableConcept">CodeableConcept-uv-ips</a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="font-weight:bold">Binding: </span><a href="ValueSet-laboratory-and-vital-signs-observations.html">IPSLabResultsObservation</a> (<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/terminologies.html#extensible" title="To be conformant, the concept in this element SHALL be from the specified value set if any of the codes within the value set can apply to the concept being communicated.  If the value set does not cover the concept (based on human review), alternate codings (or, data type allowing, text) may be included instead.">extensible</a>)</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck11.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_reference.png" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Reference to another Resource" class="hierarchy"/> <a href="StructureDefinition-observation-member-laboratory-uv-ips-definitions.html#Observation.subject" title="null">subject</a><a name="Observation.subject"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 3px; color: white; background-color: red" title="This element must be supported">S</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">1..</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/references.html">Reference</a>(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/patient.html">Patient</a>)</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck100.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vline.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin_end.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_element.gif" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Element" class="hierarchy"/> <span style="text-decoration:line-through" title="null">identifier</span><a name="Observation.subject.identifier"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="text-decoration:line-through"/><span style="text-decoration:line-through"></span><span style="text-decoration:line-through">..</span><span style="text-decoration:line-through">0</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck14.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_primitive.png" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Primitive Data Type" class="hierarchy"/> <a href="StructureDefinition-observation-member-laboratory-uv-ips-definitions.html#Observation.effectiveDateTime:effectiveDateTime" title="Slice effectiveDateTime: null">effectiveDateTime</a><a name="Observation.effectiveDateTime"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 3px; color: white; background-color: red" title="This element must be supported">S</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">1..</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#dateTime">dateTime</a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck11.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_reference.png" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Reference to another Resource" class="hierarchy"/> <a href="StructureDefinition-observation-member-laboratory-uv-ips-definitions.html#Observation.performer" title="null">performer</a><a name="Observation.performer"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">..1</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/references.html">Reference</a>(<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/practitioner.html">Practitioner</a> | <a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/patient.html">Patient</a> | <a href="StructureDefinition-organization-laboratory-uv-ips.html">Organization (laboratory)</a>)</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck100.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vline.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin_end.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_element.gif" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Element" class="hierarchy"/> <span style="text-decoration:line-through" title="null">identifier</span><a name="Observation.performer.identifier"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="text-decoration:line-through"/><span style="text-decoration:line-through"></span><span style="text-decoration:line-through">..</span><span style="text-decoration:line-through">0</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck10.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_choice.gif" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Choice of Types" class="hierarchy"/> <a href="StructureDefinition-observation-member-laboratory-uv-ips-definitions.html#Observation.value[x]" title="null">value[x]</a><a name="Observation.value_x_"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">1..</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#string">string</a>, <a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#Range">Range</a>, <a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#Ratio">Ratio</a>, <a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#Attachment">Attachment</a>, <a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/datatypes.html#dateTime">dateTime</a>, <a href="StructureDefinition-codeableconcept-uv-ips.html" title="CodeableConcept">CodeableConcept-uv-ips</a>, <a href="StructureDefinition-quantity-uv-ips.html" title="Quantity">quantity-uv-ips</a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="font-weight:bold">Binding: </span><a href="ValueSet-lab-result-coded-value-uv-ips.html">IPSLabResultsCodedValues</a> (<a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/terminologies.html#extensible" title="To be conformant, the concept in this element SHALL be from the specified value set if any of the codes within the value set can apply to the concept being communicated.  If the value set does not cover the concept (based on human review), alternate codings (or, data type allowing, text) may be included instead.">extensible</a>)</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck10.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_element.gif" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Element" class="hierarchy"/> <span style="text-decoration:line-through" title="null">dataAbsentReason</span><a name="Observation.dataAbsentReason"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="text-decoration:line-through"/><span style="text-decoration:line-through"></span><span style="text-decoration:line-through">..</span><span style="text-decoration:line-through">0</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck10.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_datatype.gif" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Data Type" class="hierarchy"/> <a href="StructureDefinition-observation-member-laboratory-uv-ips-definitions.html#Observation.interpretation" title="null">interpretation</a><a name="Observation.interpretation"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="StructureDefinition-codeableconcept-uv-ips.html" title="CodeableConcept">CodeableConcept-uv-ips</a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck10.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_element.gif" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Element" class="hierarchy"/> <span style="text-decoration:line-through" title="null">bodySite</span><a name="Observation.bodySite"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="text-decoration:line-through"/><span style="text-decoration:line-through"></span><span style="text-decoration:line-through">..</span><span style="text-decoration:line-through">0</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck11.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_reference.png" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Reference to another Resource" class="hierarchy"/> <a href="StructureDefinition-observation-member-laboratory-uv-ips-definitions.html#Observation.specimen" title="null">specimen</a><a name="Observation.specimen"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/references.html">Reference</a>(<a href="StructureDefinition-specimen-uv-ips.html">Specimen</a>)</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck100.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vline.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin_end.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_element.gif" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Element" class="hierarchy"/> <span style="text-decoration:line-through" title="null">identifier</span><a name="Observation.specimen.identifier"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="text-decoration:line-through"/><span style="text-decoration:line-through"></span><span style="text-decoration:line-through">..</span><span style="text-decoration:line-through">0</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck10.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_element.gif" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Element" class="hierarchy"/> <span style="text-decoration:line-through" title="null">device</span><a name="Observation.device"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="text-decoration:line-through"/><span style="text-decoration:line-through"></span><span style="text-decoration:line-through">..</span><span style="text-decoration:line-through">0</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck10.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_element.gif" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Element" class="hierarchy"/> <span style="text-decoration:line-through" title="null">related</span><a name="Observation.related"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="text-decoration:line-through"/><span style="text-decoration:line-through"></span><span style="text-decoration:line-through">..</span><span style="text-decoration:line-through">0</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck00.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin_end.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_element.gif" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="Element" class="hierarchy"/> <span style="text-decoration:line-through" title="null">component</span><a name="Observation.component"> </a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><span style="text-decoration:line-through"/><span style="text-decoration:line-through"></span><span style="text-decoration:line-through">..</span><span style="text-decoration:line-through">0</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : left; background-color: white; border: 0px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/></tr>
<tr><td colspan="5" class="hierarchy"><br/><a href="http://hl7.org/fhir/formats.html#table" title="Legend for this format"><img src="http://hl7.org/fhir/help16.png" alt="doco" style="background-color: inherit"/> Documentation for this format</a></td></tr></table></div>"
  },
  "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ips/StructureDefinition/observation-member-laboratory-uv-ips",
  "version" : "0.1.0",
  "name" : "Observation-member-laboratory-uv-ips",
  "title" : "Observation (member)",
  "status" : "draft",
  "experimental" : true,
  "date" : "2018-03-09T00:00:00+11:00",
  "publisher" : "HL7 International",
  "contact" : [
    {
      "name" : "François Macary - Phast"
    }
  ],
  "description" : "This profile constrains the Observation resource to represent a sub-observation, member of an "organizer" observation, in the "Laboratory results" entry of a patient summary",
  "jurisdiction" : [
    {
      "coding" : [
        {
          "system" : "http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49.htm",
          "code" : "001",
          "display" : "World"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "purpose" : "This profile constrains the Observation resource to represent a sub-observation member of a grouping observation (for instance a panel). It can be either a the result of a laboratory observation or a vital sign observation, which helps to interpret the set of results of the grouping observation",
  "fhirVersion" : "3.0.1",
  "kind" : "resource",
  "abstract" : false,
  "type" : "Observation",
  "baseDefinition" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation",
  "derivation" : "constraint",
  "snapshot" : {
    "element" : [
      {
        "id" : "Observation",
        "path" : "Observation",
        "short" : "simple observation",
        "definition" : "Either a laboratory simple observation member of a laboratory panel or study,  or a clinical observation associated with this study, in order to enable the interpretation of this set of observations",
        "comment" : "This observation is a member of a multiple observations panel or study.",
        "alias" : [
          "Vital Signs",
          "Measurement",
          "Results",
          "Tests"
        ],
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "*",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Resource",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "dom-2",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources",
            "expression" : "contained.contained.empty()",
            "xpath" : "not(parent::f:contained and f:contained)"
          },
          {
            "key" : "dom-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain any narrative",
            "expression" : "contained.text.empty()",
            "xpath" : "not(parent::f:contained and f:text)"
          },
          {
            "key" : "dom-4",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated",
            "expression" : "contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()",
            "xpath" : "not(exists(f:contained/*/f:meta/f:versionId)) and not(exists(f:contained/*/f:meta/f:lastUpdated))"
          },
          {
            "key" : "dom-3",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource",
            "expression" : "contained.where(('#'+id in %resource.descendants().reference).not()).empty()",
            "xpath" : "not(exists(for $id in f:contained/*/@id return $id[not(ancestor::f:contained/parent::*/descendant::f:reference/@value=concat('#', $id))]))"
          },
          {
            "key" : "obs-7",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "If code is the same as a component code then the value element associated with the code SHALL NOT be present",
            "expression" : "value.empty() or code!=component.code",
            "xpath" : "not(exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), 'value')])) or not(count(for $coding in f:code/f:coding return parent::*/f:component/f:code/f:coding[f:code/@value=$coding/f:code/@value and f:system/@value=$coding/f:system/@value])=0)"
          },
          {
            "key" : "obs-6",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present",
            "expression" : "dataAbsentReason.empty() or value.empty()",
            "xpath" : "not(exists(f:dataAbsentReason)) or (not(exists(*[starts-with(local-name(.), 'value')])))"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "Entity. Role, or Act"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "workflow",
            "map" : "Event"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "sct-concept",
            "map" : "< 363787002 |Observable entity|"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBX"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "Observation[classCode=OBS, moodCode=EVN]"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "w5",
            "map" : "clinical.diagnostics"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.id",
        "path" : "Observation.id",
        "short" : "Logical id of this artifact",
        "definition" : "The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes.",
        "comment" : "The only time that a resource does not have an id is when it is being submitted to the server using a create operation.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Resource.id",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "id"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.meta",
        "path" : "Observation.meta",
        "short" : "Metadata about the resource",
        "definition" : "The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content may not always be associated with version changes to the resource.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Resource.meta",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Meta"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.implicitRules",
        "path" : "Observation.implicitRules",
        "short" : "A set of rules under which this content was created",
        "definition" : "A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content.",
        "comment" : "Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. 

This element is labelled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies it's meaning or interpretation.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Resource.implicitRules",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "uri"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier" : true,
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.language",
        "path" : "Observation.language",
        "short" : "Language of the resource content",
        "definition" : "The base language in which the resource is written.",
        "comment" : "Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies  to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource  Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute).",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Resource.language",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "code"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "binding" : {
          "extension" : [
            {
              "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-maxValueSet",
              "valueReference" : {
                "reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/all-languages"
              }
            },
            {
              "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString" : "Language"
            },
            {
              "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-isCommonBinding",
              "valueBoolean" : true
            }
          ],
          "strength" : "extensible",
          "description" : "A human language.",
          "valueSetReference" : {
            "reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages"
          }
        },
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.text",
        "path" : "Observation.text",
        "short" : "Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation",
        "definition" : "A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource, and may be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety.",
        "comment" : "Contained resources do not have narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied).  This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a "text blob" or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded in formation is added later.",
        "alias" : [
          "narrative",
          "html",
          "xhtml",
          "display"
        ],
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "DomainResource.text",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Narrative"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1",
          "dom-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "N/A"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "Act.text?"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.contained",
        "path" : "Observation.contained",
        "short" : "Contained, inline Resources",
        "definition" : "These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, and nor can they have their own independent transaction scope.",
        "comment" : "This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again.",
        "alias" : [
          "inline resources",
          "anonymous resources",
          "contained resources"
        ],
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "*",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "DomainResource.contained",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Resource"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "Entity. Role, or Act"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.extension",
        "path" : "Observation.extension",
        "slicing" : {
          "discriminator" : [
            {
              "type" : "value",
              "path" : "url"
            }
          ],
          "description" : "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules" : "open"
        },
        "short" : "Additional Content defined by implementations",
        "definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance  applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
        "comment" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias" : [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "*",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "DomainResource.extension",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "ext-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), 'value')])"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.modifierExtension",
        "path" : "Observation.modifierExtension",
        "slicing" : {
          "discriminator" : [
            {
              "type" : "value",
              "path" : "url"
            }
          ],
          "description" : "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules" : "open"
        },
        "short" : "Extensions that cannot be ignored",
        "definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource, and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.",
        "comment" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias" : [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "*",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "DomainResource.modifierExtension",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "ext-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), 'value')])"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.identifier",
        "path" : "Observation.identifier",
        "short" : "Business Identifier for observation",
        "definition" : "A unique identifier assigned to this observation.",
        "requirements" : "Allows observations to be distinguished and referenced.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "*",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.identifier",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Identifier"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "CX / EI (occasionally, more often EI maps to a resource id or a URL)"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "II - see see identifier pattern at http://wiki.hl7.org/index.php?title=Common_Design_Patterns#Identifier_Pattern for relevant discussion. The Identifier class is a little looser than the v3 type II because it allows URIs as well as registered OIDs or GUIDs.  Also maps to Role[classCode=IDENT]"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "servd",
            "map" : "Identifier"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "workflow",
            "map" : "Event.identifier"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBX.21  For OBX segments from systems without OBX-21 support a combination of ORC/OBR and OBX must be negotiated between trading partners to uniquely identify the OBX segment. Depending on how V2 has been implemented each of these may be an option: 1) OBR-3 + OBX-3 + OBX-4 or 2) OBR-3 + OBR-4 + OBX-3 + OBX-4 or 2) some other way to uniquely ID the OBR/ORC + OBX-3 + OBX-4."
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "id"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "w5",
            "map" : "id"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.basedOn",
        "path" : "Observation.basedOn",
        "short" : "Fulfills plan, proposal or order",
        "definition" : "A plan, proposal or order that is fulfilled in whole or in part by this event.",
        "comment" : "References SHALL be a reference to an actual FHIR resource, and SHALL be resolveable (allowing for access control, temporary unavailability, etc). Resolution can be either by retrieval from the URL, or, where applicable by resource type, by treating an absolute reference as a canonical URL and looking it up in a local registry/repository.",
        "requirements" : "Allows tracing of authorization for the event and tracking whether proposals/recommendations were acted upon.",
        "alias" : [
          "Fulfills"
        ],
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "0",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.basedOn",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/CarePlan"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DeviceRequest"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/ImmunizationRecommendation"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/MedicationRequest"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/NutritionOrder"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/ProcedureRequest"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/ReferralRequest"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "ref-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided",
            "expression" : "reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %resource.contained.id.trace('ids'))",
            "xpath" : "not(starts-with(f:reference/@value, '#')) or exists(ancestor::*[self::f:entry or self::f:parameter]/f:resource/f:*/f:contained/f:*[f:id/@value=substring-after(current()/f:reference/@value, '#')]|/*/f:contained/f:*[f:id/@value=substring-after(current()/f:reference/@value, '#')])"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "The target of a resource reference is a RIM entry point (Act, Role, or Entity)"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "workflow",
            "map" : "Event.basedOn"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "ORC"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : ".outboundRelationship[typeCode=FLFS].target"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.status",
        "extension" : [
          {
            "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-display-hint",
            "valueString" : "default: final"
          }
        ],
        "path" : "Observation.status",
        "short" : "registered | preliminary | final | amended +",
        "definition" : "The status of the result value.  Only final results feed patient summaries.",
        "comment" : "This element is labeled as a modifier because the status contains codes that mark the resource as not currently valid.",
        "requirements" : "Need to track the status of individual results. Some results are finalized before the whole report is finalized.",
        "min" : 1,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.status",
          "min" : 1,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "code"
          }
        ],
        "fixedCode" : "final",
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier" : true,
        "isSummary" : true,
        "binding" : {
          "extension" : [
            {
              "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString" : "ObservationStatus"
            }
          ],
          "strength" : "required",
          "description" : "Codes providing the status of an observation.",
          "valueSetReference" : {
            "reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-status"
          }
        },
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "workflow",
            "map" : "Event.status"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "sct-concept",
            "map" : "< 445584004 |Report by finality status|"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBX-11"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "status  Amended & Final are differentiated by whether it is the subject of a ControlAct event with a type of "revise""
          },
          {
            "identity" : "w5",
            "map" : "status"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.category",
        "path" : "Observation.category",
        "short" : "Concept - reference to a terminology or just  text",
        "definition" : "A code that classifies the general type of observation being made, between two categories: 
a) laboratory observation: "laboratory"
b) clinical observation: "vital-signs"",
        "comment" : "In this profile designed for the IPS, this element distinguishes between observations performed by a laboratory and observations obtained from the ordering party, which are just included in the summary to support the interpretation of the lab observations.",
        "requirements" : "Used for filtering what observations are retrieved and displayed.",
        "min" : 1,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.category",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "CodeableConcept",
            "profile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ips/StructureDefinition/codeableconcept-uv-ips"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "mustSupport" : true,
        "binding" : {
          "extension" : [
            {
              "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString" : "ObservationCategory"
            }
          ],
          "strength" : "required",
          "description" : "Codes for sub-observation categories",
          "valueSetUri" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ips/ValueSet/sub-observation-category-uv-ips"
        },
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "orim",
            "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : ".outboundRelationship[typeCode="COMP].target[classCode="LIST", moodCode="EVN"].code"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "w5",
            "map" : "class"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.code",
        "path" : "Observation.code",
        "short" : "Concept - reference to a terminology or just  text",
        "definition" : "A concept that may be defined by a formal reference to a terminology or ontology or may be provided by text.",
        "comment" : "Not all terminology uses fit this general pattern. In some cases, models should not use CodeableConcept and use Coding directly and provide their own structure for managing text, codings, translations and the relationship between elements and pre- and post-coordination.",
        "requirements" : "Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.",
        "alias" : [
          "Name"
        ],
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "*",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.code",
          "min" : 1,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "CodeableConcept",
            "profile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ips/StructureDefinition/codeableconcept-uv-ips"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "mustSupport" : true,
        "isSummary" : true,
        "binding" : {
          "extension" : [
            {
              "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString" : "ObservationCode"
            }
          ],
          "strength" : "extensible",
          "description" : "Codes identifying names of simple observations.",
          "valueSetReference" : {
            "reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ips/ValueSet/laboratory-and-vital-signs-observations"
          }
        },
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "orim",
            "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "workflow",
            "map" : "Event.code"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "sct-concept",
            "map" : "< 363787002 |Observable entity| OR < 386053000 |Evaluation procedure|"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBX-3"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "code"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "sct-attr",
            "map" : "116680003 |Is a|"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "w5",
            "map" : "what"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.subject",
        "path" : "Observation.subject",
        "short" : "Who and/or what this is about",
        "definition" : "The patient, or group of patients, location, or device whose characteristics (direct or indirect) are described by the observation and into whose record the observation is placed.  Comments: Indirect characteristics may be those of a specimen, fetus, donor,  other observer (for example a relative or EMT), or any observation made about the subject.",
        "comment" : "One would expect this element to be a cardinality  of 1..1.  The only circumstance in which the subject can be missing is when the observation is made by a device that does not know the patient. In this case, the observation SHALL be matched to a patient through some context/channel matching technique, and at this point, the observation should be updated.

If the target of the observation is different than the subject, the general extension [observation-focal-subject](extension-observation-focal-subject.html).  may be used.  However, the distinction between the patient's own value for an observation versus that of the fetus, or the donor or blood product unit, etc., are often specified in the observation code.",
        "requirements" : "Observations have no value if you don't know who or what they're about.",
        "min" : 1,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.subject",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Patient"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "ref-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided",
            "expression" : "reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %resource.contained.id.trace('ids'))",
            "xpath" : "not(starts-with(f:reference/@value, '#')) or exists(ancestor::*[self::f:entry or self::f:parameter]/f:resource/f:*/f:contained/f:*[f:id/@value=substring-after(current()/f:reference/@value, '#')]|/*/f:contained/f:*[f:id/@value=substring-after(current()/f:reference/@value, '#')])"
          }
        ],
        "mustSupport" : true,
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "The target of a resource reference is a RIM entry point (Act, Role, or Entity)"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "workflow",
            "map" : "Event.subject"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "PID-3"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "participation[typeCode=SBJ]"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "w5",
            "map" : "who.focus"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.subject.id",
        "path" : "Observation.subject.id",
        "representation" : [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short" : "xml:id (or equivalent in JSON)",
        "definition" : "unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
        "comment" : "Note that FHIR strings may not exceed 1MB in size",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Element.id",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "string"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.subject.extension",
        "path" : "Observation.subject.extension",
        "slicing" : {
          "discriminator" : [
            {
              "type" : "value",
              "path" : "url"
            }
          ],
          "description" : "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules" : "open"
        },
        "short" : "Additional Content defined by implementations",
        "definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance  applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
        "comment" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias" : [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "*",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Element.extension",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "ext-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), 'value')])"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.subject.reference",
        "path" : "Observation.subject.reference",
        "short" : "Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL",
        "definition" : "A reference to a location at which the other resource is found. The reference may be a relative reference, in which case it is relative to the service base URL, or an absolute URL that resolves to the location where the resource is found. The reference may be version specific or not. If the reference is not to a FHIR RESTful server, then it should be assumed to be version specific. Internal fragment references (start with '#') refer to contained resources.",
        "comment" : "Using absolute URLs provides a stable scalable approach suitable for a cloud/web context, while using relative/logical references provides a flexible approach suitable for use when trading across closed eco-system boundaries.   Absolute URLs do not need to point to a FHIR RESTful server, though this is the preferred approach. If the URL conforms to the structure "/[type]/[id]" then it should be assumed that the reference is to a FHIR RESTful server.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Reference.reference",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "string"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1",
          "ref-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.subject.identifier",
        "path" : "Observation.subject.identifier",
        "short" : "Logical reference, when literal reference is not known",
        "definition" : "An identifier for the other resource. This is used when there is no way to reference the other resource directly, either because the entity is not available through a FHIR server, or because there is no way for the author of the resource to convert a known identifier to an actual location. There is no requirement that a Reference.identifier point to something that is actually exposed as a FHIR instance, but it SHALL point to a business concept that would be expected to be exposed as a FHIR instance, and that instance would need to be of a FHIR resource type allowed by the reference.",
        "comment" : "When an identifier is provided in place of a reference, any system processing the reference will only be able to resolve the identifier to a reference if it understands the business context in which the identifier is used. Sometimes this is global (e.g. a national identifier) but often it is not. For this reason, none of the useful mechanisms described for working with references (e.g. chaining, includes) are possible, nor should servers be expected to be able resolve the reference. Servers may accept an identifier based reference untouched, resolve it, and/or reject it - see CapabilityStatement.rest.resource.referencePolicy. 

When both an identifier and a literal reference are provided, the literal reference is preferred. Applications processing the resource are allowed - but not required - to check that the identifier matches the literal reference

Applications converting a logical reference to a literal reference may choose to leave the logical reference present, or remove it.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "0",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Reference.identifier",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Identifier"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "CX / EI (occasionally, more often EI maps to a resource id or a URL)"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "II - see see identifier pattern at http://wiki.hl7.org/index.php?title=Common_Design_Patterns#Identifier_Pattern for relevant discussion. The Identifier class is a little looser than the v3 type II because it allows URIs as well as registered OIDs or GUIDs.  Also maps to Role[classCode=IDENT]"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "servd",
            "map" : "Identifier"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : ".identifier"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.subject.display",
        "extension" : [
          {
            "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-translatable",
            "valueBoolean" : true
          }
        ],
        "path" : "Observation.subject.display",
        "short" : "Text alternative for the resource",
        "definition" : "Plain text narrative that identifies the resource in addition to the resource reference.",
        "comment" : "This is generally not the same as the Resource.text of the referenced resource.  The purpose is to identify what's being referenced, not to fully describe it.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Reference.display",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "string"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.context",
        "path" : "Observation.context",
        "short" : "Healthcare event during which this observation is made",
        "definition" : "The healthcare event  (e.g. a patient and healthcare provider interaction) during which this observation is made.",
        "comment" : "This will typically be the encounter the event occurred within, but some events may be initiated prior to or after the official completion of an encounter or episode but still be tied to the context of the encounter or episode (e.g. pre-admission lab tests).",
        "requirements" : "For some observations it may be important to know the link between an observation and a particular encounter.",
        "alias" : [
          "Encounter"
        ],
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.context",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Encounter"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/EpisodeOfCare"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "ref-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided",
            "expression" : "reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %resource.contained.id.trace('ids'))",
            "xpath" : "not(starts-with(f:reference/@value, '#')) or exists(ancestor::*[self::f:entry or self::f:parameter]/f:resource/f:*/f:contained/f:*[f:id/@value=substring-after(current()/f:reference/@value, '#')]|/*/f:contained/f:*[f:id/@value=substring-after(current()/f:reference/@value, '#')])"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "The target of a resource reference is a RIM entry point (Act, Role, or Entity)"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "workflow",
            "map" : "Event.context"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "PV1"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "inboundRelationship[typeCode=COMP].source[classCode=ENC, moodCode=EVN]"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "w5",
            "map" : "context"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.effectiveDateTime:effectiveDateTime",
        "path" : "Observation.effectiveDateTime",
        "sliceName" : "effectiveDateTime",
        "short" : "Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation",
        "definition" : "The time or time-period the observed value is asserted as being true. For biological subjects - e.g. human patients - this is usually called the "physiologically relevant time". This is usually either the time of the procedure or of specimen collection, but very often the source of the date/time is not known, only the date/time itself.",
        "comment" : "At least a date should be present unless this observation is a historical report.",
        "requirements" : "Knowing when an observation was deemed true is important to its relevance as well as determining trends.",
        "alias" : [
          "Occurrence"
        ],
        "min" : 1,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.effective[x]",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "dateTime"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "mustSupport" : true,
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "workflow",
            "map" : "Event.occurrence[x]"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBX-14, and/or OBX-19 after v2.4  (depends on who observation made)"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "effectiveTime"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "w5",
            "map" : "when.done"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.issued",
        "path" : "Observation.issued",
        "short" : "Date/Time this was made available",
        "definition" : "The date and time this observation was made available to providers, typically after the results have been reviewed and verified.",
        "comment" : "Updated when the result is updated.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.issued",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "instant"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBR.22 (or MSH.7), or perhaps OBX-19 (depends on who observation made)"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "participation[typeCode=AUT].time"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "w5",
            "map" : "when.recorded"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.performer",
        "path" : "Observation.performer",
        "short" : "Who is responsible for the observation",
        "definition" : "Who was responsible for asserting the observed value as "true".",
        "comment" : "References SHALL be a reference to an actual FHIR resource, and SHALL be resolveable (allowing for access control, temporary unavailability, etc). Resolution can be either by retrieval from the URL, or, where applicable by resource type, by treating an absolute reference as a canonical URL and looking it up in a local registry/repository.",
        "requirements" : "May give a degree of confidence in the observation and also indicates where follow-up questions should be directed.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.performer",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Practitioner"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Patient"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ips/StructureDefinition/organization-laboratory-uv-ips"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "ref-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided",
            "expression" : "reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %resource.contained.id.trace('ids'))",
            "xpath" : "not(starts-with(f:reference/@value, '#')) or exists(ancestor::*[self::f:entry or self::f:parameter]/f:resource/f:*/f:contained/f:*[f:id/@value=substring-after(current()/f:reference/@value, '#')]|/*/f:contained/f:*[f:id/@value=substring-after(current()/f:reference/@value, '#')])"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "The target of a resource reference is a RIM entry point (Act, Role, or Entity)"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "workflow",
            "map" : "Event.performer"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBX.15 / (Practitioner)  OBX-16,  PRT-5:PRT-4='RO' /  (Device)  OBX-18 , PRT-10:PRT-4='EQUIP' / (Organization)  OBX-23,  PRT-8:PRT-4='PO'"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "participation[typeCode=PRF]"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "w5",
            "map" : "who.actor"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.performer.id",
        "path" : "Observation.performer.id",
        "representation" : [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short" : "xml:id (or equivalent in JSON)",
        "definition" : "unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
        "comment" : "Note that FHIR strings may not exceed 1MB in size",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Element.id",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "string"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.performer.extension",
        "path" : "Observation.performer.extension",
        "slicing" : {
          "discriminator" : [
            {
              "type" : "value",
              "path" : "url"
            }
          ],
          "description" : "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules" : "open"
        },
        "short" : "Additional Content defined by implementations",
        "definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance  applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
        "comment" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias" : [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "*",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Element.extension",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "ext-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), 'value')])"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.performer.reference",
        "path" : "Observation.performer.reference",
        "short" : "Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL",
        "definition" : "A reference to a location at which the other resource is found. The reference may be a relative reference, in which case it is relative to the service base URL, or an absolute URL that resolves to the location where the resource is found. The reference may be version specific or not. If the reference is not to a FHIR RESTful server, then it should be assumed to be version specific. Internal fragment references (start with '#') refer to contained resources.",
        "comment" : "Using absolute URLs provides a stable scalable approach suitable for a cloud/web context, while using relative/logical references provides a flexible approach suitable for use when trading across closed eco-system boundaries.   Absolute URLs do not need to point to a FHIR RESTful server, though this is the preferred approach. If the URL conforms to the structure "/[type]/[id]" then it should be assumed that the reference is to a FHIR RESTful server.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Reference.reference",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "string"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1",
          "ref-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.performer.identifier",
        "path" : "Observation.performer.identifier",
        "short" : "Logical reference, when literal reference is not known",
        "definition" : "An identifier for the other resource. This is used when there is no way to reference the other resource directly, either because the entity is not available through a FHIR server, or because there is no way for the author of the resource to convert a known identifier to an actual location. There is no requirement that a Reference.identifier point to something that is actually exposed as a FHIR instance, but it SHALL point to a business concept that would be expected to be exposed as a FHIR instance, and that instance would need to be of a FHIR resource type allowed by the reference.",
        "comment" : "When an identifier is provided in place of a reference, any system processing the reference will only be able to resolve the identifier to a reference if it understands the business context in which the identifier is used. Sometimes this is global (e.g. a national identifier) but often it is not. For this reason, none of the useful mechanisms described for working with references (e.g. chaining, includes) are possible, nor should servers be expected to be able resolve the reference. Servers may accept an identifier based reference untouched, resolve it, and/or reject it - see CapabilityStatement.rest.resource.referencePolicy. 

When both an identifier and a literal reference are provided, the literal reference is preferred. Applications processing the resource are allowed - but not required - to check that the identifier matches the literal reference

Applications converting a logical reference to a literal reference may choose to leave the logical reference present, or remove it.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "0",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Reference.identifier",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Identifier"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "CX / EI (occasionally, more often EI maps to a resource id or a URL)"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "II - see see identifier pattern at http://wiki.hl7.org/index.php?title=Common_Design_Patterns#Identifier_Pattern for relevant discussion. The Identifier class is a little looser than the v3 type II because it allows URIs as well as registered OIDs or GUIDs.  Also maps to Role[classCode=IDENT]"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "servd",
            "map" : "Identifier"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : ".identifier"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.performer.display",
        "extension" : [
          {
            "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-translatable",
            "valueBoolean" : true
          }
        ],
        "path" : "Observation.performer.display",
        "short" : "Text alternative for the resource",
        "definition" : "Plain text narrative that identifies the resource in addition to the resource reference.",
        "comment" : "This is generally not the same as the Resource.text of the referenced resource.  The purpose is to identify what's being referenced, not to fully describe it.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Reference.display",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "string"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.value[x]",
        "path" : "Observation.value[x]",
        "short" : "Actual result",
        "definition" : "The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.",
        "comment" : "Normally, an observation will have either a single value or a set of related observations. A few observations (e.g. Apgar score) may have both a value and related observations (for an Apgar score, the observations from which the measure is derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. This element has a variable name depending on the type as follows: valueQuantity, valueCodeableConcept, valueString, valueBoolean, valueRange, valueRatio, valueSampledData, valueAttachment, valueTime, valueDateTime, or valuePeriod. (The name format is "'value' + the type name" with a capital on the first letter of the type).


If the data element is usually coded or if the type associated with the Observation.value defines a coded value, use CodeableConcept instead of string datatype even if the value is uncoded text.  A value set is bound to the ValueCodeableConcept element.    For further discussion and examples see the  [notes section](observation.html#notes) below.",
        "requirements" : "An observation exists to have a value, though it may not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.",
        "min" : 1,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.value[x]",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "string"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Range"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Ratio"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Attachment"
          },
          {
            "code" : "dateTime"
          },
          {
            "code" : "CodeableConcept",
            "profile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ips/StructureDefinition/codeableconcept-uv-ips"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Quantity",
            "profile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ips/StructureDefinition/quantity-uv-ips"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1",
          "obs-7"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "qty-3",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present",
            "expression" : "code.empty() or system.exists()",
            "xpath" : "not(exists(f:code)) or exists(f:system)"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary" : true,
        "binding" : {
          "strength" : "extensible",
          "valueSetReference" : {
            "reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ips/ValueSet/lab-result-coded-value-uv-ips"
          }
        },
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "SN (see also Range) or CQ"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "PQ, IVL<PQ>, MO, CO, depending on the values"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "workflow",
            "map" : "Event.notDone, Event.notDoneReason  (maps to valeu[x] or dataAbsentReason)"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "sct-concept",
            "map" : "< 441742003 |Evaluation finding|"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBX.2, OBX.5, OBX.6"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "value"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "sct-attr",
            "map" : "363714003 |Interprets|"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.dataAbsentReason",
        "path" : "Observation.dataAbsentReason",
        "short" : "Why the result is missing",
        "definition" : "Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.value[x] is missing.",
        "comment" : "Null or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations.  One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value.  For example, measurement values for a serology test could be  "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or  "specimen unsatisfactory".   The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values.  For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Note that an observation may only be reported if there are values to report. For example differential cell counts values may be reported only when > 0.  Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for null or exceptional values.",
        "requirements" : "For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "0",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.dataAbsentReason",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "CodeableConcept"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1",
          "obs-6"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "binding" : {
          "extension" : [
            {
              "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString" : "ObservationValueAbsentReason"
            }
          ],
          "strength" : "extensible",
          "description" : "Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.",
          "valueSetReference" : {
            "reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-valueabsentreason"
          }
        },
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "orim",
            "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "workflow",
            "map" : "Event.notDone, Event.notDoneReason  (maps to valeu[x] or dataAbsentReason)"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "N/A"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "value.nullFlavor"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.interpretation",
        "path" : "Observation.interpretation",
        "short" : "Concept - reference to a terminology or just  text",
        "definition" : "A concept that may be defined by a formal reference to a terminology or ontology or may be provided by text.",
        "comment" : "Not all terminology uses fit this general pattern. In some cases, models should not use CodeableConcept and use Coding directly and provide their own structure for managing text, codings, translations and the relationship between elements and pre- and post-coordination.",
        "requirements" : "For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.",
        "alias" : [
          "Abnormal Flag"
        ],
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "*",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.interpretation",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "CodeableConcept",
            "profile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ips/StructureDefinition/codeableconcept-uv-ips"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "binding" : {
          "extension" : [
            {
              "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString" : "ObservationInterpretation"
            }
          ],
          "strength" : "extensible",
          "description" : "Codes identifying interpretations of observations.",
          "valueSetReference" : {
            "reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation"
          }
        },
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "orim",
            "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "sct-concept",
            "map" : "< 260245000 |Findings values|"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBX-8"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "interpretationCode"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "sct-attr",
            "map" : "363713009 |Has interpretation|"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.comment",
        "path" : "Observation.comment",
        "short" : "Comments about result",
        "definition" : "May include statements about significant, unexpected or unreliable values, or information about the source of the value where this may be relevant to the interpretation of the result.",
        "comment" : "Note that FHIR strings may not exceed 1MB in size",
        "requirements" : "Need to be able to provide free text additional information.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.comment",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "string"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "workflow",
            "map" : "Event.note"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "NTE.3 (partner NTE to OBX, or sometimes another (child?) OBX)"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "subjectOf.observationEvent[code="annotation"].value"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.bodySite",
        "path" : "Observation.bodySite",
        "short" : "Observed body part",
        "definition" : "Indicates the site on the subject's body where the observation was made (i.e. the target site).",
        "comment" : "Only used if not implicit in code found in Observation.code.  In many systems, this may be represented as a related observation instead of an inline component.   If the use case requires BodySite to be handled as a separate resource (e.g. to identify and track separately) then use the standard extension[ body-site-instance](extension-body-site-instance.html).",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "0",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.bodySite",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "CodeableConcept"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "binding" : {
          "extension" : [
            {
              "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString" : "BodySite"
            }
          ],
          "strength" : "example",
          "description" : "Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.",
          "valueSetReference" : {
            "reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/body-site"
          }
        },
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "orim",
            "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "sct-concept",
            "map" : "< 123037004 |Body structure|"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBX-20"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "targetSiteCode"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "sct-attr",
            "map" : "718497002 |Inherent location|"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.method",
        "path" : "Observation.method",
        "short" : "How it was done",
        "definition" : "Indicates the mechanism used to perform the observation.",
        "comment" : "Only used if not implicit in code for Observation.code.",
        "requirements" : "In some cases, method can impact results and is thus used for determining whether results can be compared or determining significance of results.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.method",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "CodeableConcept"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "binding" : {
          "extension" : [
            {
              "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString" : "ObservationMethod"
            }
          ],
          "strength" : "example",
          "description" : "Methods for simple observations.",
          "valueSetReference" : {
            "reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-methods"
          }
        },
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "orim",
            "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBX-17"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "methodCode"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.specimen",
        "path" : "Observation.specimen",
        "short" : "Specimen used for this observation",
        "definition" : "The specimen that was used when this observation was made.",
        "comment" : "The specimen is often implied by the observation code. 
In the context of this Observation-member-laboratory-uv-ips profile, specimen should be provided only when it is not implied by the Observation.code, and when further information about the specimen needs to be captured (such as specimen source body site). ",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.specimen",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ips/StructureDefinition/specimen-uv-ips"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "ref-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided",
            "expression" : "reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %resource.contained.id.trace('ids'))",
            "xpath" : "not(starts-with(f:reference/@value, '#')) or exists(ancestor::*[self::f:entry or self::f:parameter]/f:resource/f:*/f:contained/f:*[f:id/@value=substring-after(current()/f:reference/@value, '#')]|/*/f:contained/f:*[f:id/@value=substring-after(current()/f:reference/@value, '#')])"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "The target of a resource reference is a RIM entry point (Act, Role, or Entity)"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "sct-concept",
            "map" : "< 123038009 |Specimen|"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "SPM segment"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "participation[typeCode=SPC].specimen"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "sct-attr",
            "map" : "704319004 |Inherent in|"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.specimen.id",
        "path" : "Observation.specimen.id",
        "representation" : [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short" : "xml:id (or equivalent in JSON)",
        "definition" : "unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
        "comment" : "Note that FHIR strings may not exceed 1MB in size",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Element.id",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "string"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.specimen.extension",
        "path" : "Observation.specimen.extension",
        "slicing" : {
          "discriminator" : [
            {
              "type" : "value",
              "path" : "url"
            }
          ],
          "description" : "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules" : "open"
        },
        "short" : "Additional Content defined by implementations",
        "definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance  applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
        "comment" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias" : [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "*",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Element.extension",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "ext-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), 'value')])"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.specimen.reference",
        "path" : "Observation.specimen.reference",
        "short" : "Literal reference, Relative, internal or absolute URL",
        "definition" : "A reference to a location at which the other resource is found. The reference may be a relative reference, in which case it is relative to the service base URL, or an absolute URL that resolves to the location where the resource is found. The reference may be version specific or not. If the reference is not to a FHIR RESTful server, then it should be assumed to be version specific. Internal fragment references (start with '#') refer to contained resources.",
        "comment" : "Using absolute URLs provides a stable scalable approach suitable for a cloud/web context, while using relative/logical references provides a flexible approach suitable for use when trading across closed eco-system boundaries.   Absolute URLs do not need to point to a FHIR RESTful server, though this is the preferred approach. If the URL conforms to the structure "/[type]/[id]" then it should be assumed that the reference is to a FHIR RESTful server.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Reference.reference",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "string"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1",
          "ref-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.specimen.identifier",
        "path" : "Observation.specimen.identifier",
        "short" : "Logical reference, when literal reference is not known",
        "definition" : "An identifier for the other resource. This is used when there is no way to reference the other resource directly, either because the entity is not available through a FHIR server, or because there is no way for the author of the resource to convert a known identifier to an actual location. There is no requirement that a Reference.identifier point to something that is actually exposed as a FHIR instance, but it SHALL point to a business concept that would be expected to be exposed as a FHIR instance, and that instance would need to be of a FHIR resource type allowed by the reference.",
        "comment" : "When an identifier is provided in place of a reference, any system processing the reference will only be able to resolve the identifier to a reference if it understands the business context in which the identifier is used. Sometimes this is global (e.g. a national identifier) but often it is not. For this reason, none of the useful mechanisms described for working with references (e.g. chaining, includes) are possible, nor should servers be expected to be able resolve the reference. Servers may accept an identifier based reference untouched, resolve it, and/or reject it - see CapabilityStatement.rest.resource.referencePolicy. 

When both an identifier and a literal reference are provided, the literal reference is preferred. Applications processing the resource are allowed - but not required - to check that the identifier matches the literal reference

Applications converting a logical reference to a literal reference may choose to leave the logical reference present, or remove it.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "0",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Reference.identifier",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Identifier"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "CX / EI (occasionally, more often EI maps to a resource id or a URL)"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "II - see see identifier pattern at http://wiki.hl7.org/index.php?title=Common_Design_Patterns#Identifier_Pattern for relevant discussion. The Identifier class is a little looser than the v3 type II because it allows URIs as well as registered OIDs or GUIDs.  Also maps to Role[classCode=IDENT]"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "servd",
            "map" : "Identifier"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : ".identifier"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.specimen.display",
        "extension" : [
          {
            "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-translatable",
            "valueBoolean" : true
          }
        ],
        "path" : "Observation.specimen.display",
        "short" : "Text alternative for the resource",
        "definition" : "Plain text narrative that identifies the resource in addition to the resource reference.",
        "comment" : "This is generally not the same as the Resource.text of the referenced resource.  The purpose is to identify what's being referenced, not to fully describe it.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Reference.display",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "string"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.device",
        "path" : "Observation.device",
        "short" : "(Measurement) Device",
        "definition" : "The device used to generate the observation data.",
        "comment" : "An extension should be used if further typing of the device is needed.  Devices used to support obtaining an observation can be represented using either an extension or through the Observation.related element.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "0",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.device",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Device"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DeviceMetric"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "ref-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided",
            "expression" : "reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %resource.contained.id.trace('ids'))",
            "xpath" : "not(starts-with(f:reference/@value, '#')) or exists(ancestor::*[self::f:entry or self::f:parameter]/f:resource/f:*/f:contained/f:*[f:id/@value=substring-after(current()/f:reference/@value, '#')]|/*/f:contained/f:*[f:id/@value=substring-after(current()/f:reference/@value, '#')])"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "The target of a resource reference is a RIM entry point (Act, Role, or Entity)"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "sct-concept",
            "map" : "< 49062001 |Device|"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBX-17 / PRT -10"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "participation[typeCode=DEV]"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "sct-attr",
            "map" : "424226004 |Using device|"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.referenceRange",
        "path" : "Observation.referenceRange",
        "short" : "Provides guide for interpretation",
        "definition" : "Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.",
        "comment" : "Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this may not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.",
        "requirements" : "Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "*",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.referenceRange",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "BackboneElement"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "obs-3",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "Must have at least a low or a high or text",
            "expression" : "low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()",
            "xpath" : "(exists(f:low) or exists(f:high)or exists(f:text))"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBX.7"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "outboundRelationship[typeCode=REFV]/target[classCode=OBS, moodCode=EVN]"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.referenceRange.id",
        "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.id",
        "representation" : [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short" : "xml:id (or equivalent in JSON)",
        "definition" : "unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
        "comment" : "Note that FHIR strings may not exceed 1MB in size",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Element.id",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "string"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.referenceRange.extension",
        "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.extension",
        "slicing" : {
          "discriminator" : [
            {
              "type" : "value",
              "path" : "url"
            }
          ],
          "description" : "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules" : "open"
        },
        "short" : "Additional Content defined by implementations",
        "definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance  applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
        "comment" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias" : [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "*",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Element.extension",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "ext-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), 'value')])"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.referenceRange.modifierExtension",
        "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.modifierExtension",
        "short" : "Extensions that cannot be ignored",
        "definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element, and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.",
        "comment" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias" : [
          "extensions",
          "user content",
          "modifiers"
        ],
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "*",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "BackboneElement.modifierExtension",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "ext-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), 'value')])"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier" : true,
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.referenceRange.low",
        "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.low",
        "short" : "Low Range, if relevant",
        "definition" : "The value of the low bound of the reference range.  The low bound of the reference range endpoint is inclusive of the value (e.g.  reference range is >=5 - <=9).   If the low bound is omitted,  it is assumed to be meaningless (e.g. reference range is <=2.3).",
        "comment" : "The context of use may frequently define what kind of quantity this is and therefore what kind of units can be used. The context of use may also restrict the values for the comparator.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.low",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Quantity",
            "profile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/SimpleQuantity"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1",
          "obs-3"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "qty-3",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present",
            "expression" : "code.empty() or system.exists()",
            "xpath" : "not(exists(f:code)) or exists(f:system)"
          },
          {
            "key" : "sqty-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "The comparator is not used on a SimpleQuantity",
            "expression" : "comparator.empty()",
            "xpath" : "not(exists(f:comparator))"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier" : false,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "SN (see also Range) or CQ"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "PQ, IVL<PQ>, MO, CO, depending on the values"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBX-7"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "value:IVL_PQ.low"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.referenceRange.high",
        "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.high",
        "short" : "High Range, if relevant",
        "definition" : "The value of the high bound of the reference range.  The high bound of the reference range endpoint is inclusive of the value (e.g.  reference range is >=5 - <=9).   If the high bound is omitted,  it is assumed to be meaningless (e.g. reference range is >= 2.3).",
        "comment" : "The context of use may frequently define what kind of quantity this is and therefore what kind of units can be used. The context of use may also restrict the values for the comparator.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.high",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Quantity",
            "profile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/SimpleQuantity"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1",
          "obs-3"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "qty-3",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present",
            "expression" : "code.empty() or system.exists()",
            "xpath" : "not(exists(f:code)) or exists(f:system)"
          },
          {
            "key" : "sqty-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "The comparator is not used on a SimpleQuantity",
            "expression" : "comparator.empty()",
            "xpath" : "not(exists(f:comparator))"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier" : false,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "SN (see also Range) or CQ"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "PQ, IVL<PQ>, MO, CO, depending on the values"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBX-7"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "value:IVL_PQ.high"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.referenceRange.type",
        "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.type",
        "short" : "Reference range qualifier",
        "definition" : "Codes to indicate the what part of the targeted reference population it applies to. For example, the normal or therapeutic range.",
        "comment" : "This SHOULD be populated if there is more than one range.  If this element is not present then the normal range is assumed.",
        "requirements" : "Need to be able to say what kind of reference range this is - normal, recommended, therapeutic, etc,  - for proper interpretation.",
        "min" : 1,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.type",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "CodeableConcept"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "binding" : {
          "extension" : [
            {
              "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString" : "ObservationRangeMeaning"
            }
          ],
          "strength" : "extensible",
          "description" : "Code for the meaning of a reference range.",
          "valueSetReference" : {
            "reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-meaning"
          }
        },
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "orim",
            "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "sct-concept",
            "map" : "< 260245000 |Findings values| OR  
< 365860008 |General clinical state finding| 
OR 
< 250171008 |Clinical history or observation findings| OR  
< 415229000 |Racial group| OR 
< 365400002 |Finding of puberty stage| OR
< 443938003 |Procedure carried out on subject|"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBX-10"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "interpretationCode"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo",
        "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo",
        "short" : "Reference range population",
        "definition" : "Codes to indicate the target population this reference range applies to.  For example, a reference range may be based on the normal population or a particular sex or race.",
        "comment" : "This SHOULD be populated if there is more than one range.  If this element is not present then the normal population is assumed.",
        "requirements" : "Need to be able to identify the target population for proper interpretation.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "0",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "CodeableConcept"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "binding" : {
          "extension" : [
            {
              "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString" : "ObservationRangeType"
            }
          ],
          "strength" : "example",
          "description" : "Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.",
          "valueSetReference" : {
            "reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/referencerange-appliesto"
          }
        },
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "orim",
            "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "sct-concept",
            "map" : "< 260245000 |Findings values| OR  
< 365860008 |General clinical state finding| 
OR 
< 250171008 |Clinical history or observation findings| OR  
< 415229000 |Racial group| OR 
< 365400002 |Finding of puberty stage| OR
< 443938003 |Procedure carried out on subject|"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBX-10"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "interpretationCode"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.referenceRange.age",
        "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.age",
        "short" : "Applicable age range, if relevant",
        "definition" : "The age at which this reference range is applicable. This is a neonatal age (e.g. number of weeks at term) if the meaning says so.",
        "comment" : "The stated low and high value are assumed to have arbitrarily high precision when it comes to determining which values are in the range. I.e. 1.99 is not in the range 2 -> 3.",
        "requirements" : "Some analytes vary greatly over age.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "0",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.age",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Range"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "rng-2",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "If present, low SHALL have a lower value than high",
            "expression" : "low.empty() or high.empty() or (low <= high)",
            "xpath" : "not(exists(f:low/f:value/@value)) or not(exists(f:high/f:value/@value)) or (number(f:low/f:value/@value) <= number(f:high/f:value/@value))"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "NR and also possibly SN (but see also quantity)"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "IVL<QTY[not(type="TS")]> [lowClosed="true" and highClosed="true"]or URG<QTY[not(type="TS")]>"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "outboundRelationship[typeCode=PRCN].targetObservationCriterion[code="age"].value"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.referenceRange.text",
        "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.text",
        "short" : "Text based reference range in an observation",
        "definition" : "Text based reference range in an observation which may be used when a quantitative range is not appropriate for an observation.  An example would be a reference value of "Negative" or a list or table of 'normals'.",
        "comment" : "Note that FHIR strings may not exceed 1MB in size",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.text",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "string"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBX-7"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "value:ST"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.related",
        "path" : "Observation.related",
        "short" : "Resource related to this observation",
        "definition" : "A  reference to another resource (usually another Observation) whose relationship is defined by the relationship type code.",
        "comment" : "For a discussion on the ways Observations can assembled in groups together see [Notes below](observation.html#4.20.4).",
        "requirements" : "Normally, an observation will have either a value or a set of related observations. A few observations (e.g. Apgar score) may have both a value and a set of related observations or sometimes a QuestionnaireResponse from which the measure is derived.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "0",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.related",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "BackboneElement"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "Relationships established by OBX-4 usage"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "outBoundRelationship"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.related.id",
        "path" : "Observation.related.id",
        "representation" : [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short" : "xml:id (or equivalent in JSON)",
        "definition" : "unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
        "comment" : "Note that FHIR strings may not exceed 1MB in size",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Element.id",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "string"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.related.extension",
        "path" : "Observation.related.extension",
        "slicing" : {
          "discriminator" : [
            {
              "type" : "value",
              "path" : "url"
            }
          ],
          "description" : "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules" : "open"
        },
        "short" : "Additional Content defined by implementations",
        "definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance  applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
        "comment" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias" : [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "*",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Element.extension",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "ext-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), 'value')])"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.related.modifierExtension",
        "path" : "Observation.related.modifierExtension",
        "short" : "Extensions that cannot be ignored",
        "definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element, and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.",
        "comment" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias" : [
          "extensions",
          "user content",
          "modifiers"
        ],
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "*",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "BackboneElement.modifierExtension",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "ext-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), 'value')])"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier" : true,
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.related.type",
        "path" : "Observation.related.type",
        "short" : "has-member | derived-from | sequel-to | replaces | qualified-by | interfered-by",
        "definition" : "A code specifying the kind of relationship that exists with the target resource.",
        "comment" : "The "derived-from" type is the only logical choice when referencing the QuestionnaireAnswer resource.",
        "requirements" : "A relationship type SHOULD be provided.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.related.type",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "code"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "binding" : {
          "extension" : [
            {
              "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString" : "ObservationRelationshipType"
            }
          ],
          "strength" : "required",
          "description" : "Codes specifying how two observations are related.",
          "valueSetReference" : {
            "reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-relationshiptypes"
          }
        },
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "N/A"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : ".typeCode"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.related.target",
        "path" : "Observation.related.target",
        "short" : "Resource that is related to this one",
        "definition" : "A reference to the observation or [QuestionnaireResponse](questionnaireresponse.html#) resource that is related to this observation.",
        "comment" : "References SHALL be a reference to an actual FHIR resource, and SHALL be resolveable (allowing for access control, temporary unavailability, etc). Resolution can be either by retrieval from the URL, or, where applicable by resource type, by treating an absolute reference as a canonical URL and looking it up in a local registry/repository.",
        "min" : 1,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.related.target",
          "min" : 1,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/QuestionnaireResponse"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Sequence"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "ref-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided",
            "expression" : "reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %resource.contained.id.trace('ids'))",
            "xpath" : "not(starts-with(f:reference/@value, '#')) or exists(ancestor::*[self::f:entry or self::f:parameter]/f:resource/f:*/f:contained/f:*[f:id/@value=substring-after(current()/f:reference/@value, '#')]|/*/f:contained/f:*[f:id/@value=substring-after(current()/f:reference/@value, '#')])"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "The target of a resource reference is a RIM entry point (Act, Role, or Entity)"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : ".targetObservation"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.component",
        "path" : "Observation.component",
        "short" : "Component results",
        "definition" : "Some observations have multiple component observations.  These component observations are expressed as separate code value pairs that share the same attributes.  Examples include systolic and diastolic component observations for blood pressure measurement and multiple component observations for genetics observations.",
        "comment" : "For a discussion on the ways Observations can be assembled in groups together see [Notes](observation.html#notes) below.",
        "requirements" : "Component observations share the same attributes in the Observation resource as the primary observation and are always treated a part of a single observation (they are not separable).   However, the reference range for the primary observation value is not inherited by the component values and is required when appropriate for each component observation.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "0",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.component",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "BackboneElement"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "containment by OBX-4?"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "outBoundRelationship[typeCode=COMP]"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.component.id",
        "path" : "Observation.component.id",
        "representation" : [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short" : "xml:id (or equivalent in JSON)",
        "definition" : "unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
        "comment" : "Note that FHIR strings may not exceed 1MB in size",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Element.id",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "string"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.component.extension",
        "path" : "Observation.component.extension",
        "slicing" : {
          "discriminator" : [
            {
              "type" : "value",
              "path" : "url"
            }
          ],
          "description" : "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules" : "open"
        },
        "short" : "Additional Content defined by implementations",
        "definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance  applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
        "comment" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias" : [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "*",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Element.extension",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "ext-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), 'value')])"
          }
        ],
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.component.modifierExtension",
        "path" : "Observation.component.modifierExtension",
        "short" : "Extensions that cannot be ignored",
        "definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element, and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.",
        "comment" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias" : [
          "extensions",
          "user content",
          "modifiers"
        ],
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "*",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "BackboneElement.modifierExtension",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "ext-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression" : "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "xpath" : "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), 'value')])"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier" : true,
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.component.code",
        "path" : "Observation.component.code",
        "short" : "Type of component observation (code / type)",
        "definition" : "Describes what was observed. Sometimes this is called the observation "code".",
        "comment" : "Not all terminology uses fit this general pattern. In some cases, models should not use CodeableConcept and use Coding directly and provide their own structure for managing text, codings, translations and the relationship between elements and pre- and post-coordination.",
        "requirements" : "Knowing what kind of observation is being made is essential to understanding the observation.",
        "min" : 1,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.component.code",
          "min" : 1,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "CodeableConcept"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary" : true,
        "binding" : {
          "extension" : [
            {
              "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString" : "ObservationCode"
            }
          ],
          "strength" : "example",
          "description" : "Codes identifying names of simple observations.",
          "valueSetReference" : {
            "reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-codes"
          }
        },
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "orim",
            "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "sct-concept",
            "map" : "< 363787002 |Observable entity| OR 
< 386053000 |Evaluation procedure|"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBX-3"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "code"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "w5",
            "map" : "what"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.component.value[x]",
        "path" : "Observation.component.value[x]",
        "short" : "Actual component result",
        "definition" : "The information determined as a result of making the observation, if the information has a simple value.",
        "comment" : "Normally, an observation will have either a single value or a set of related observations. A few observations (e.g. Apgar score) may have both a value and related observations (for an Apgar score, the observations from which the measure is derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value.   For boolean values use valueCodeableConcept and select codes from <http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/v2-0136> (these "yes/no" concepts can be mapped to the display name "true/false" or other mutually exclusive terms that may be needed").  The element, Observation.value[x], has a variable name depending on the type as follows: valueQuantity, valueCodeableConcept, valueRatio, valueChoice, valuePeriod, valueSampleData, or valueString (the name format is "'value' + the type name" with a capital on the first letter of the type).",
        "requirements" : "An observation exists to have a value, though it may not if it is in error, or if it represents a group of observations.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.component.value[x]",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Quantity"
          },
          {
            "code" : "CodeableConcept"
          },
          {
            "code" : "string"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Range"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Ratio"
          },
          {
            "code" : "SampledData"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Attachment"
          },
          {
            "code" : "time"
          },
          {
            "code" : "dateTime"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Period"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          },
          {
            "key" : "qty-3",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present",
            "expression" : "code.empty() or system.exists()",
            "xpath" : "not(exists(f:code)) or exists(f:system)"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary" : true,
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "SN (see also Range) or CQ"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "PQ, IVL<PQ>, MO, CO, depending on the values"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "sct-concept",
            "map" : "363714003 |Interprets| < 441742003 |Evaluation finding|"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBX.2, OBX.5, OBX.6"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "value"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "sct-attr",
            "map" : "363714003 |Interprets|"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.component.dataAbsentReason",
        "path" : "Observation.component.dataAbsentReason",
        "short" : "Why the component result is missing",
        "definition" : "Provides a reason why the expected value in the element Observation.value[x] is missing.",
        "comment" : ""Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations.  One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value.  For example, measurement values for a serology test could be  "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or  "test not done".   The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values.  For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed.  Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.",
        "requirements" : "For many results it is necessary to handle exceptional values in measurements.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.component.dataAbsentReason",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "CodeableConcept"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1",
          "obs-6"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "binding" : {
          "extension" : [
            {
              "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString" : "ObservationValueAbsentReason"
            }
          ],
          "strength" : "extensible",
          "description" : "Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.",
          "valueSetReference" : {
            "reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-valueabsentreason"
          }
        },
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "orim",
            "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "N/A"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "value.nullFlavor"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.component.interpretation",
        "path" : "Observation.component.interpretation",
        "short" : "High, low, normal, etc.",
        "definition" : "The assessment made based on the result of the observation.  Intended as a simple compact code often placed adjacent to the result value in reports and flow sheets to signal the meaning/normalcy status of the result. Otherwise known as abnormal flag.",
        "comment" : "The component interpretation applies only to the individual component value.  For an overall interpretation all components together use thes Observation.interpretation element.",
        "requirements" : "For some results, particularly numeric results, an interpretation is necessary to fully understand the significance of a result.",
        "alias" : [
          "Abnormal Flag"
        ],
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "1",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.component.interpretation",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "1"
        },
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "CodeableConcept"
          }
        ],
        "condition" : [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint" : [
          {
            "key" : "ele-1",
            "severity" : "error",
            "human" : "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression" : "hasValue() | (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath" : "@value|f:*|h:div"
          }
        ],
        "binding" : {
          "extension" : [
            {
              "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString" : "ObservationInterpretation"
            }
          ],
          "strength" : "extensible",
          "description" : "Codes identifying interpretations of observations.",
          "valueSetReference" : {
            "reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-interpretation"
          }
        },
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "CE/CNE/CWE"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "orim",
            "map" : "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "sct-concept",
            "map" : "< 260245000 |Findings values|"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBX-8"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "interpretationCode"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "sct-attr",
            "map" : "363713009 |Has interpretation|"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.component.referenceRange",
        "path" : "Observation.component.referenceRange",
        "short" : "Provides guide for interpretation of component result",
        "definition" : "Guidance on how to interpret the value by comparison to a normal or recommended range.",
        "comment" : "Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g., specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this may not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.",
        "requirements" : "Knowing what values are considered "normal" can help evaluate the significance of a particular result. Need to be able to provide multiple reference ranges for different contexts.",
        "min" : 0,
        "max" : "*",
        "base" : {
          "path" : "Observation.component.referenceRange",
          "min" : 0,
          "max" : "*"
        },
        "contentReference" : "#Observation.referenceRange",
        "mapping" : [
          {
            "identity" : "v2",
            "map" : "OBX.7"
          },
          {
            "identity" : "rim",
            "map" : "outboundRelationship[typeCode=REFV]/target[classCode=OBS, moodCode=EVN]"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "differential" : {
    "element" : [
      {
        "id" : "Observation",
        "path" : "Observation",
        "short" : "simple observation",
        "definition" : "Either a laboratory simple observation member of a laboratory panel or study,  or a clinical observation associated with this study, in order to enable the interpretation of this set of observations",
        "comment" : "This observation is a member of a multiple observations panel or study."
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.basedOn",
        "path" : "Observation.basedOn",
        "max" : "0"
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.status",
        "extension" : [
          {
            "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-display-hint",
            "valueString" : "default: final"
          }
        ],
        "path" : "Observation.status",
        "definition" : "The status of the result value.  Only final results feed patient summaries.",
        "fixedCode" : "final"
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.category",
        "path" : "Observation.category",
        "definition" : "A code that classifies the general type of observation being made, between two categories: 
a) laboratory observation: "laboratory"
b) clinical observation: "vital-signs"",
        "comment" : "In this profile designed for the IPS, this element distinguishes between observations performed by a laboratory and observations obtained from the ordering party, which are just included in the summary to support the interpretation of the lab observations.",
        "min" : 1,
        "max" : "1",
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "CodeableConcept",
            "profile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ips/StructureDefinition/codeableconcept-uv-ips"
          }
        ],
        "mustSupport" : true,
        "binding" : {
          "extension" : [
            {
              "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString" : "ObservationCategory"
            }
          ],
          "strength" : "required",
          "description" : "Codes for sub-observation categories",
          "valueSetUri" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ips/ValueSet/sub-observation-category-uv-ips"
        }
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.code",
        "path" : "Observation.code",
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "CodeableConcept",
            "profile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ips/StructureDefinition/codeableconcept-uv-ips"
          }
        ],
        "mustSupport" : true,
        "binding" : {
          "extension" : [
            {
              "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString" : "ObservationCode"
            }
          ],
          "strength" : "extensible",
          "valueSetReference" : {
            "reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ips/ValueSet/laboratory-and-vital-signs-observations"
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.subject",
        "path" : "Observation.subject",
        "min" : 1,
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Patient"
          }
        ],
        "mustSupport" : true
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.subject.identifier",
        "path" : "Observation.subject.identifier",
        "max" : "0"
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.effectiveDateTime:effectiveDateTime",
        "path" : "Observation.effectiveDateTime",
        "sliceName" : "effectiveDateTime",
        "min" : 1,
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "dateTime"
          }
        ],
        "mustSupport" : true
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.performer",
        "path" : "Observation.performer",
        "max" : "1",
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Practitioner"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Patient"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ips/StructureDefinition/organization-laboratory-uv-ips"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.performer.identifier",
        "path" : "Observation.performer.identifier",
        "max" : "0"
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.value[x]",
        "path" : "Observation.value[x]",
        "min" : 1,
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "string"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Range"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Ratio"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Attachment"
          },
          {
            "code" : "dateTime"
          },
          {
            "code" : "CodeableConcept",
            "profile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ips/StructureDefinition/codeableconcept-uv-ips"
          },
          {
            "code" : "Quantity",
            "profile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ips/StructureDefinition/quantity-uv-ips"
          }
        ],
        "binding" : {
          "strength" : "extensible",
          "valueSetReference" : {
            "reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ips/ValueSet/lab-result-coded-value-uv-ips"
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.dataAbsentReason",
        "path" : "Observation.dataAbsentReason",
        "max" : "0"
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.interpretation",
        "path" : "Observation.interpretation",
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "CodeableConcept",
            "profile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ips/StructureDefinition/codeableconcept-uv-ips"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.bodySite",
        "path" : "Observation.bodySite",
        "max" : "0"
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.specimen",
        "path" : "Observation.specimen",
        "comment" : "The specimen is often implied by the observation code. 
In the context of this Observation-member-laboratory-uv-ips profile, specimen should be provided only when it is not implied by the Observation.code, and when further information about the specimen needs to be captured (such as specimen source body site). ",
        "type" : [
          {
            "code" : "Reference",
            "targetProfile" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ips/StructureDefinition/specimen-uv-ips"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.specimen.identifier",
        "path" : "Observation.specimen.identifier",
        "max" : "0"
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.device",
        "path" : "Observation.device",
        "max" : "0"
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.referenceRange.type",
        "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.type",
        "min" : 1
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo",
        "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo",
        "max" : "0"
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.referenceRange.age",
        "path" : "Observation.referenceRange.age",
        "max" : "0"
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.related",
        "path" : "Observation.related",
        "max" : "0"
      },
      {
        "id" : "Observation.component",
        "path" : "Observation.component",
        "max" : "0"
      }
    ]
  }
}