This page is part of the Smart App Launch Implementation Guide (v2.2.0: STU 2.2) based on FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) R4. This is the current published version. For a full list of available versions, see the Directory of published versions

Token Introspection

SMART on FHIR EHRs SHOULD support Token Introspection, which allows a broader ecosystem of resource servers to leverage authorization decisions managed by a single authorization server. Token Introspection is conducted according to RFC 7662: OAuth 2.0 Token Introspection, with the additional considerations presented in the sections below.

Required fields in the introspection response

In addition to the active field required by RFC7662 (a boolean indicating whether the access token is active), the following fields SHALL be included in the introspection response:

• scope. As included in the original access token response. The list of scopes granted by the authorization server as a space-separated JSON string.

• client_id. As included in the original access token request. The client identifier of the client to which the token was issued.

• exp. The integer timestamp indicates when the access token expires. This timestamp will be consistent the with expires_in interval provided in the original access token response.

Conditional fields in the introspection response

In addition to the required fields, the following fields SHALL be included in the introspection response when the specified conditions are met:

• SMART Launch Context. If a launch context parameter defined in Scopes and Launch Context (e.g., patient or intent) was included in the original access token response, the parameter SHALL be included in the token introspection response.

• ID Token Claims. If an id_token was included in the original access token response, the following claims from the ID Token SHALL be included in the Token Introspection response:

  • iss
  • sub

• ID Token Claims. If an id_token was included in the original access token response, the following claims from the ID Token SHOULD be included in the Token Introspection response:

  • fhirUser

Authorization to perform Token Introspection

SMART on FHIR EHRs MAY implement access control protecting the Token Introspection endpoint. If access control is implemented, any client authorized to issue Token Introspection API calls SHALL be permitted to authenticate to the Token Introspection endpoint by providing an appropriately-scoped SMART App or SMART Backend Service bearer token in the Authorization header. Clients authorized in this way are able to introspect tokens issued to any client. Further considerations for access control are out of scope for the SMART App Launch IG.

Example Request and Response

Example Token Introspection request:

 POST /introspect HTTP/1.1
 Host: server.example.com
 Accept: application/json
 Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
 Authorization: Bearer 23410913-abewfq.123483

 token=2YotnFZFEjr1zCsicMWpAA

Example Token Introspection response:

 HTTP/1.1 200 OK
 Content-Type: application/json

 {
  "active": true,
  "client_id": "07a89bd2-52ce-4576-8b85-71698efa8328",
  "scope": "patient/*.read openid fhirUser",
  "sub": "c91dfe96-731d-4e66-b4f9-01f8f8a4b7b2",
  "patient": "456",
  "fhirUser": "https://ehr.example.org/fhir/Patient/123",
  "exp": 1597678964,
 }