Evidence Based Medicine on FHIR Implementation Guide
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This page is part of the Evidence Based Medicine on FHIR Implementation Guide (v1.0.0-ballot: STU1 Ballot 1) based on FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) v5.0.0. . For a full list of available versions, see the Directory of published versions

: ComparativeParticipantFlow: Dropout due to stopping intervention Lofexidine vs. Placebo in opioid detoxification trial - JSON Representation

Active as of 2023-12-17

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{
  "resourceType" : "Evidence",
  "id" : "179635",
  "meta" : {
    "versionId" : "4",
    "lastUpdated" : "2023-12-03T09:56:07.995Z",
    "profile" : [
      🔗 "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/comparative-participant-flow"
    ]
  },
  "text" : {
    "status" : "extensions",
    "div" : "<div xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml\"><p><b>Generated Narrative: Evidence</b><a name=\"179635\"> </a></p><div style=\"display: inline-block; background-color: #d9e0e7; padding: 6px; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid #8da1b4; border-radius: 5px; line-height: 60%\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px\">Resource Evidence &quot;179635&quot; Version &quot;4&quot; Updated &quot;2023-12-03 09:56:07+0000&quot; </p><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px\">Profile: <a href=\"StructureDefinition-comparative-participant-flow.html\">ComparativeParticipantFlow</a></p></div><p><b>StructureDefinition Work Group</b>: cds</p><p><b>url</b>: <code>https://fevir.net/resources/Evidence/179635</code></p><p><b>identifier</b>: FEvIR Object Identifier:\u00a0179635</p><p><b>version</b>: 1.0.0-ballot</p><p><b>name</b>: ComparativeParticipantFlow_Dropout_due_to_stopping_intervention_Lofexidine_vs_Placebo_in_opioid_detoxification_trial</p><p><b>title</b>: ComparativeParticipantFlow: Dropout due to stopping intervention Lofexidine vs. Placebo in opioid detoxification trial</p><p><b>status</b>: active</p><p><b>date</b>: 2023-12-17 16:55:23+0000</p><p><b>publisher</b>: HL7 International / Clinical Decision Support</p><p><b>contact</b>: HL7 International / Clinical Decision Support: <a href=\"http://www.hl7.org/Special/committees/dss\">http://www.hl7.org/Special/committees/dss</a></p><p><b>author</b>: Brian S. Alper: </p><h3>UseContexts</h3><table class=\"grid\"><tr><td style=\"display: none\">-</td><td><b>Code</b></td><td><b>Value[x]</b></td></tr><tr><td style=\"display: none\">*</td><td>Evidence Communication (Details: https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423 code evidence-communication = 'Evidence Communication', stated as 'Evidence Communication')</td><td>ComparativeParticipantFlow <span style=\"background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki\"> (<a href=\"CodeSystem-179423.html\">Evidence Based Medicine on FHIR Implementation Guide Code System</a>#ComparativeParticipantFlow)</span></td></tr></table><p><b>copyright</b>: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/</p><h3>RelatedArtifacts</h3><table class=\"grid\"><tr><td style=\"display: none\">-</td><td><b>Type</b></td><td><b>Citation</b></td><td><b>ResourceReference</b></td></tr><tr><td style=\"display: none\">*</td><td>cite-as</td><td>ComparativeParticipantFlow: Dropout due to stopping intervention Lofexidine vs. Placebo in opioid detoxification trial [Evidence]. Contributors: Brian S. Alper [Authors/Creators]. In: Fast Evidence Interoperability Resources (FEvIR) Platform, FOI 179635. Revised 2023-11-27. Available at: https://fevir.net/resources/Evidence/179635. Computable resource at: https://fevir.net/resources/Evidence/179635.</td><td> </td></tr><tr><td style=\"display: none\">*</td><td>derived-from</td><td> </td><td><a href=\"Citation-179637.html\">Citation/179637: 18508207 A Phase 3 placebo-controlled, double-blind, multi-site trial of the alpha-2-adrenergic agonist, lofexidine, for opioid withdrawal</a></td></tr></table><p><b>description</b>: Dropout due to stopping intervention 18/33 with Lofexidine vs. 12/35 with Placebo in opioid detoxification trial</p><blockquote><p><b>variableDefinition</b></p><p><b>VariableDefinitionVariableRoleCode</b>: population</p><p><b>description</b>: Participants in the opioid detoxification trial</p><p><b>note</b>: population</p><p><b>variableRole</b>: Use extension:variableRoleCode instead. <span style=\"background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki\"> (<a href=\"http://terminology.hl7.org/5.3.0/CodeSystem-variable-role.html\">EvidenceVariableRole</a>#population &quot;population&quot;)</span></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><b>variableDefinition</b></p><p><b>VariableDefinitionVariableRoleCode</b>: exposure</p><p><b>VariableDefinitionComparatorCategory</b>: false</p><p><b>description</b>: GroupAssignment: Lofexidine vs. Placebo</p><p><b>note</b>: exposure</p><p><b>variableRole</b>: Use extension:variableRoleCode instead. <span style=\"background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki\"> (<a href=\"http://terminology.hl7.org/5.3.0/CodeSystem-variable-role.html\">EvidenceVariableRole</a>#exposure &quot;exposure&quot;)</span></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><b>variableDefinition</b></p><p><b>VariableDefinitionVariableRoleCode</b>: outcome</p><p><b>description</b>: Dropout due to stopping intervention</p><p><b>note</b>: outcome</p><p><b>variableRole</b>: Use extension:variableRoleCode instead. <span style=\"background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki\"> (<a href=\"http://terminology.hl7.org/5.3.0/CodeSystem-variable-role.html\">EvidenceVariableRole</a>#measuredVariable &quot;measured variable&quot;)</span></p><p><b>observed</b>: <a href=\"EvidenceVariable-179636.html\">EvidenceVariable/179636: PartiicipantFlowMeasure: Dropout due to stopping intervention</a> &quot;ParticipantFlowMeasure_Dropout_due_to_stopping_intervention&quot;</p></blockquote><blockquote><p><b>statistic</b></p><p><b>description</b>: 18/33 (54.5%) with Lofexidine vs. 12/35 (34.3%) with Placebo (relative risk 1.59, p &lt; 0.01)</p><p><b>statisticType</b>: Risk Ratio <span style=\"background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki\"> (<a href=\"CodeSystem-181513.html\">Scientific Evidence Code System (SEVCO) -- EXAMPLE VERSION for EBMonFHIR Implementation Guide</a>#STATO:0000245)</span></p><p><b>quantity</b>: 1.59</p><p><b>numberAffected</b>: 30</p><h3>SampleSizes</h3><table class=\"grid\"><tr><td style=\"display: none\">-</td><td><b>NumberOfParticipants</b></td></tr><tr><td style=\"display: none\">*</td><td>68</td></tr></table><h3>AttributeEstimates</h3><table class=\"grid\"><tr><td style=\"display: none\">-</td><td><b>Description</b></td><td><b>Type</b></td><td><b>Quantity</b></td></tr><tr><td style=\"display: none\">*</td><td>p &lt; 0.01</td><td>P-value <span style=\"background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki\"> (<a href=\"CodeSystem-181513.html\">Scientific Evidence Code System (SEVCO) -- EXAMPLE VERSION for EBMonFHIR Implementation Guide</a>#TBD:0000076)</span></td><td>&lt;0.01</td></tr></table></blockquote></div>"
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  "url" : "https://fevir.net/resources/Evidence/179635",
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        "text" : "FEvIR Object Identifier"
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      "system" : "https://fevir.net",
      "value" : "179635",
      "assigner" : {
        "display" : "Computable Publishing LLC"
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  "version" : "1.0.0-ballot",
  "name" : "ComparativeParticipantFlow_Dropout_due_to_stopping_intervention_Lofexidine_vs_Placebo_in_opioid_detoxification_trial",
  "title" : "ComparativeParticipantFlow: Dropout due to stopping intervention Lofexidine vs. Placebo in opioid detoxification trial",
  "status" : "active",
  "date" : "2023-12-17T16:55:23+00:00",
  "publisher" : "HL7 International / Clinical Decision Support",
  "contact" : [
    {
      "name" : "HL7 International / Clinical Decision Support",
      "telecom" : [
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          "value" : "http://www.hl7.org/Special/committees/dss"
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  "author" : [
    {
      "name" : "Brian S. Alper"
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  "useContext" : [
    {
      "code" : {
        "system" : "https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423",
        "code" : "evidence-communication",
        "display" : "Evidence Communication"
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      "valueCodeableConcept" : {
        "coding" : [
          {
            "system" : "https://fevir.net/resources/CodeSystem/179423",
            "code" : "ComparativeParticipantFlow",
            "display" : "ComparativeParticipantFlow"
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  "copyright" : "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/",
  "relatedArtifact" : [
    {
      "type" : "cite-as",
      "citation" : "ComparativeParticipantFlow: Dropout due to stopping intervention Lofexidine vs. Placebo in opioid detoxification trial [Evidence]. Contributors: Brian S. Alper [Authors/Creators]. In: Fast Evidence Interoperability Resources (FEvIR) Platform, FOI 179635. Revised 2023-11-27. Available at: https://fevir.net/resources/Evidence/179635. Computable resource at: https://fevir.net/resources/Evidence/179635."
    },
    {
      "type" : "derived-from",
      "resourceReference" : {
        🔗 "reference" : "Citation/179637",
        "type" : "Citation",
        "display" : "18508207 A Phase 3 placebo-controlled, double-blind, multi-site trial of the alpha-2-adrenergic agonist, lofexidine, for opioid withdrawal"
      }
    }
  ],
  "description" : "Dropout due to stopping intervention 18/33 with Lofexidine vs. 12/35 with Placebo in opioid detoxification trial",
  "variableDefinition" : [
    {
      "extension" : [
        {
          "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/variable-definition-variable-role-code",
          "valueCode" : "population"
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      "description" : "Participants in the opioid detoxification trial",
      "note" : [
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          {
            "system" : "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/variable-role",
            "code" : "population",
            "display" : "population"
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        "text" : "Use extension:variableRoleCode instead."
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    {
      "extension" : [
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          "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/variable-definition-variable-role-code",
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          "valueString" : "false"
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      "description" : "GroupAssignment: Lofexidine vs. Placebo",
      "note" : [
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          {
            "system" : "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/variable-role",
            "code" : "exposure",
            "display" : "exposure"
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        "text" : "Use extension:variableRoleCode instead."
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    {
      "extension" : [
        {
          "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/ebm/StructureDefinition/variable-definition-variable-role-code",
          "valueCode" : "outcome"
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      "description" : "Dropout due to stopping intervention",
      "note" : [
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            "system" : "http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/variable-role",
            "code" : "measuredVariable",
            "display" : "measured variable"
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        ],
        "text" : "Use extension:variableRoleCode instead."
      },
      "observed" : {
        🔗 "reference" : "EvidenceVariable/179636",
        "type" : "EvidenceVariable",
        "display" : "PartiicipantFlowMeasure: Dropout due to stopping intervention"
      }
    }
  ],
  "statistic" : [
    {
      "description" : "18/33 (54.5%) with Lofexidine vs. 12/35 (34.3%) with Placebo (relative risk 1.59, p < 0.01)",
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        "coding" : [
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      "quantity" : {
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      "numberAffected" : 30,
      "sampleSize" : {
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      "attributeEstimate" : [
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          "description" : "p < 0.01",
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                "code" : "TBD:0000076",
                "display" : "P-value"
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