Data Exchange For Quality Measures Implementation Guide
3.1.0 - STU 3.1.0 US

This page is part of the Da Vinci Data Exchange for Quality Measures (DEQM) FHIR IG (v3.1.0: STU 3) based on FHIR R4. This is the current published version in its permanent home (it will always be available at this URL). For a full list of available versions, see the Directory of published versions

Resource Profile: DEQMGapsInCareDetectedIssueProfile - Detailed Descriptions

Active as of 2021-04-23

Definitions for the gaps-detectedissue-deqm resource profile.

1. DetectedIssue
2. DetectedIssue.modifierExtension:gapStatus
SliceNamegapStatus
Control1..1
TypeExtension(DEQMGapStatusModifierExtension) (Extension Type: CodeableConcept)
Is Modifiertrue
Must Supporttrue
3. DetectedIssue.code
Control10..1
Must Supporttrue
Pattern Value<valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
  <coding>
    <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/v3-ActCode"/>
    <code value="CAREGAP"/>
  </coding>
</valueCodeableConcept>
4. DetectedIssue.patient
Control10..1
TypeReference(QICorePatient|Patient))
Must Supporttrue
5. DetectedIssue.evidence
Control10..*
Must Supporttrue
6. DetectedIssue.evidence.detail
Control10..1*
TypeReference(DEQMIndividualMeasureReportProfile|GuidanceResponse|Resource))
Must Supporttrue
Must Support TypesNo must-support rules about the choice of types/profiles
Comments

The reason that this supports a reference to a DEQM Individual MeasureReport is because a DEQM Gaps In Care DetectedIssue may be used stand alone and not be part of the DEQM Gaps In Care Composition.

1. DetectedIssue
Definition

Indicates an actual or potential clinical issue with or between one or more active or proposed clinical actions for a patient; e.g. Drug-drug interaction, Ineffective treatment frequency, Procedure-condition conflict, etc.

Control0..*
Alternate NamesDDI, drug-drug interaction, Contraindication, Alert
InvariantsDefined on this element
dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources (: contained.contained.empty())
dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource (: contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().as(canonical) | %resource.descendants().as(uri) | %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty())
dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated (: contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty())
dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label (: contained.meta.security.empty())
dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management (: text.`div`.exists())
2. DetectedIssue.implicitRules
Definition

A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.

Control0..1
Typeuri
Is Modifiertrue
Comments

Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
3. DetectedIssue.modifierExtension
Definition

An Extension

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensions, user content
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists())
SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on DetectedIssue.modifierExtension. The slices are unordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
  • value @ url
4. DetectedIssue.modifierExtension:gapStatus
SliceNamegapStatus
Definition

Indicates care gap status.

Control1..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
TypeExtension(DEQMGapStatusModifierExtension) (Extension Type: CodeableConcept)
Is Modifiertrue
Must Supporttrue
InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists())
5. DetectedIssue.status
Definition

Indicates the status of the detected issue.

Control1..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from ObservationStatus

Indicates the status of the identified issue.

Typecode
Is Modifiertrue
Alternate Namesstatus
Comments

This element is labeled as a modifier because the status contains the codes cancelled and entered-in-error that mark the issue as not currently valid.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
6. DetectedIssue.code
Definition

Identifies the general type of issue identified.

Control10..1
BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from DetectedIssueCategory

Codes identifying the general type of detected issue; e.g. Drug-drug interaction, Timing issue, Duplicate therapy, etc.

TypeCodeableConcept
Must Supporttrue
Alternate Namestype
Pattern Value<valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
  <coding>
    <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/v3-ActCode"/>
    <code value="CAREGAP"/>
  </coding>
</valueCodeableConcept>
InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
7. DetectedIssue.patient
Definition

Indicates the patient whose record the detected issue is associated with.

Control10..1
TypeReference(QICorePatient|Patient))
Must Supporttrue
Requirements

While the subject could be inferred by tracing the subject of the implicated resources, it's useful to have a direct link for query purposes.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
8. DetectedIssue.evidence
Definition

Supporting evidence or manifestations that provide the basis for identifying the detected issue such as a GuidanceResponse or MeasureReport.

Control10..*
TypeBackboneElement
Must Supporttrue
InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
9. DetectedIssue.evidence.modifierExtension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensions, user content, modifiers
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists())
10. DetectedIssue.evidence.detail
Definition

Links to resources that constitute evidence for the detected issue such as a GuidanceResponse or MeasureReport.

Control10..1*
TypeReference(DEQMIndividualMeasureReportProfile|GuidanceResponse|Resource))
Must Supporttrue
Must Support TypesNo must-support rules about the choice of types/profiles
Comments

The reason that this supports a reference to a DEQM Individual MeasureReport is because a DEQM Gaps In Care DetectedIssue may be used stand alone and not be part of the DEQM Gaps In Care Composition.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
1. DetectedIssue
Definition

Indicates an actual or potential clinical issue with or between one or more active or proposed clinical actions for a patient; e.g. Drug-drug interaction, Ineffective treatment frequency, Procedure-condition conflict, etc.

Control0..*
Alternate NamesDDIdrug-drug interactionContraindicationAlert
2. DetectedIssue.id
Definition

The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes.

Control0..1
Typeid
Comments

The only time that a resource does not have an id is when it is being submitted to the server using a create operation.

3. DetectedIssue.meta
Definition

The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content might not always be associated with version changes to the resource.

Control0..1
TypeMeta
InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
4. DetectedIssue.implicitRules
Definition

A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.

Control0..1
Typeuri
Is Modifiertrue
Comments

Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
5. DetectedIssue.language
Definition

The base language in which the resource is written.

Control0..1
BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from CommonLanguages A human language
Additional BindingsPurpose
AllLanguagesMax Binding
Typecode
Comments

Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute).

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
6. DetectedIssue.text
Definition

A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource and can be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety.

Control0..1
TypeNarrative
Alternate Namesnarrativehtmlxhtmldisplay
Comments

Contained resources do not have narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied). This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a "text blob" or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded information is added later.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
7. DetectedIssue.contained
Definition

These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, and nor can they have their own independent transaction scope.

Control0..*
TypeResource
Alternate Namesinline resourcesanonymous resourcescontained resources
Comments

This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags In their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels.

8. DetectedIssue.extension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Alternate Namesextensionsuser content
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists())
9. DetectedIssue.modifierExtension
Definition

An Extension

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue
InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists())
SlicingThis element introduces a set of slices on DetectedIssue.modifierExtension. The slices are unordered and Open, and can be differentiated using the following discriminators:
  • value @ url
10. DetectedIssue.modifierExtension:gapStatus
SliceNamegapStatus
Definition

Indicates care gap status.

Control1..1 This element is affected by the following invariants: ele-1
TypeExtension(DEQMGapStatusModifierExtension) (Extension Type: CodeableConcept)
Is Modifiertrue
Must Supporttrue
InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists())
11. DetectedIssue.identifier
Definition

Business identifier associated with the detected issue record.

NoteThis is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion)
Control0..*
TypeIdentifier
Requirements

Allows linking instances of the same detected issue found on different servers.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
12. DetectedIssue.status
Definition

Indicates the status of the detected issue.

Control1..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from ObservationStatus Indicates the status of the identified issue
Typecode
Is Modifiertrue
Alternate Namesstatus
Comments

This element is labeled as a modifier because the status contains the codes cancelled and entered-in-error that mark the issue as not currently valid.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
13. DetectedIssue.code
Definition

Identifies the general type of issue identified.

Control1..1
BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from DetectedIssueCategory Codes identifying the general type of detected issue; e.g. Drug-drug interaction, Timing issue, Duplicate therapy, etc
TypeCodeableConcept
Must Supporttrue
Alternate Namestype
Pattern Value<valueCodeableConcept xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
  <coding>
    <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/v3-ActCode"/>
    <code value="CAREGAP"/>
  </coding>
</valueCodeableConcept>
InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
14. DetectedIssue.severity
Definition

Indicates the degree of importance associated with the identified issue based on the potential impact on the patient.

Control0..1
BindingThe codes SHALL be taken from DetectedIssueSeverity Indicates the potential degree of impact of the identified issue on the patient
Typecode
Alternate Namesseverity
InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
15. DetectedIssue.patient
Definition

Indicates the patient whose record the detected issue is associated with.

Control1..1
TypeReference(QICorePatient))
Must Supporttrue
Requirements

While the subject could be inferred by tracing the subject of the implicated resources, it's useful to have a direct link for query purposes.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
16. DetectedIssue.identified[x]
Definition

The date or period when the detected issue was initially identified.

Control0..1
TypeChoice of: dateTime, Period
[x] NoteSee Choice of Data Types for further information about how to use [x]
Requirements

No-one can be responsible for mitigation prior to the issue being identified.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
17. DetectedIssue.author
Definition

Individual or device responsible for the issue being raised. For example, a decision support application or a pharmacist conducting a medication review.

Control0..1
TypeReference(PractitionerPractitionerRoleDevice))
InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
18. DetectedIssue.implicated
Definition

Indicates the resource representing the current activity or proposed activity that is potentially problematic.

Control0..*
TypeReference(Resource))
Alternate Namescause
Comments

There's an implicit constraint on the number of implicated resources based on DetectedIssue.type; e.g. For drug-drug, there would be more than one. For timing, there would typically only be one.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
19. DetectedIssue.evidence
Definition

Supporting evidence or manifestations that provide the basis for identifying the detected issue such as a GuidanceResponse or MeasureReport.

Control1..*
TypeBackboneElement
Must Supporttrue
InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
20. DetectedIssue.evidence.id
Definition

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

Control0..1
Typestring
XML RepresentationIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
21. DetectedIssue.evidence.extension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Alternate Namesextensionsuser content
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists())
22. DetectedIssue.evidence.modifierExtension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensionsuser contentmodifiers
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists())
23. DetectedIssue.evidence.code
Definition

A manifestation that led to the recording of this detected issue.

Control0..*
BindingFor example codes, see ManifestationAndSymptomCodes Codes that describes the types of evidence for a detected issue
TypeCodeableConcept
InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
24. DetectedIssue.evidence.detail
Definition

Links to resources that constitute evidence for the detected issue such as a GuidanceResponse or MeasureReport.

Control1..1
TypeReference(DEQMIndividualMeasureReportProfileGuidanceResponse))
Must Supporttrue
Must Support TypesNo must-support rules about the choice of types/profiles
Comments

The reason that this supports a reference to a DEQM Individual MeasureReport is because a DEQM Gaps In Care DetectedIssue may be used stand alone and not be part of the DEQM Gaps In Care Composition.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
25. DetectedIssue.detail
Definition

A textual explanation of the detected issue.

Control0..1
Typestring
Comments

Should focus on information not covered elsewhere as discrete data - no need to duplicate the narrative.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
26. DetectedIssue.reference
Definition

The literature, knowledge-base or similar reference that describes the propensity for the detected issue identified.

Control0..1
Typeuri
InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
27. DetectedIssue.mitigation
Definition

Indicates an action that has been taken or is committed to reduce or eliminate the likelihood of the risk identified by the detected issue from manifesting. Can also reflect an observation of known mitigating factors that may reduce/eliminate the need for any action.

Control0..*
TypeBackboneElement
InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
28. DetectedIssue.mitigation.id
Definition

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

Control0..1
Typestring
XML RepresentationIn the XML format, this property is represented as an attribute.
29. DetectedIssue.mitigation.extension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Alternate Namesextensionsuser content
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists())
30. DetectedIssue.mitigation.modifierExtension
Definition

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

Control0..*
TypeExtension
Is Modifiertrue
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Alternate Namesextensionsuser contentmodifiers
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both (: extension.exists() != value.exists())
31. DetectedIssue.mitigation.action
Definition

Describes the action that was taken or the observation that was made that reduces/eliminates the risk associated with the identified issue.

Control1..1
BindingThe codes SHOULD be taken from DetectedIssueMitigationAction Codes describing steps taken to resolve the issue or other circumstances that mitigate the risk associated with the issue; e.g. 'added concurrent therapy', 'prior therapy documented', etc
TypeCodeableConcept
Comments

The "text" component can be used for detail or when no appropriate code exists.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
32. DetectedIssue.mitigation.date
Definition

Indicates when the mitigating action was documented.

Control0..1
TypedateTime
Comments

This might not be the same as when the mitigating step was actually taken.

InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))
33. DetectedIssue.mitigation.author
Definition

Identifies the practitioner who determined the mitigation and takes responsibility for the mitigation step occurring.

Control0..1
TypeReference(PractitionerPractitionerRole))
InvariantsDefined on this element
ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children (: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count()))