US Core Implementation Guide
6.1.0 - STU6 United States of America flag

This page is part of the US Core (v6.1.0: STU6 Update) based on FHIR R4. This is the current published version in its permanent home (it will always be available at this URL). For a full list of available versions, see the Directory of published versions

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Official URL: http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/ImplementationGuide/hl7.fhir.us.core Version: 6.1.0
Active as of 2023-06-19 Computable Name: USCore

Copyright/Legal: Used by permission of HL7 International, all rights reserved Creative Commons License

Key updates and detailed changes between this and prior versions are available on the US Core Change Log and Changes Between Versions pages.

Introduction

This guide and the US Core profiles have become the foundation for US Realm FHIR implementation guides. This annual release reflects changes to U.S. Core Data for Interoperability (USCDI) v3 and comments and requests from the US Realm FHIR community. (The Future of US Core page outlines this approach to yearly updates.) US Core has benefitted from testing and guidance by the Argonaut Project Team. Their feedback continues to lay the groundwork for documenting the US Core Profile design, interactions, requirements, and guidelines for patient data access and ONC Certification testing. Under the guidance of HL7 and the HL7 US Realm Steering Committee, the content will expand in future versions to meet the needs specific to the US Realm.

The US Core Implementation Guide is based on FHIR Version R4. It defines the minimum constraints on the FHIR resources to create the US Core Profiles. The elements, extensions, vocabularies, and value sets that SHALL be present are identified, and how they are used is defined. It also documents the minimum FHIR RESTful interactions for each US Core Profiles to access patient data. Establishing the “floor” of standards to promote interoperability and adoption through common implementation allows for further standards development evolution for specific use cases. There are two different ways to implement US Core:

  1. Profile Only Support: Systems may support only the US Core Profiles to represent clinical information.
  2. Profile Support + Interaction Support: Systems may support both the US Core Profile content structure and the RESTful interactions defined for a resource.

For a detailed description of these different usages of US Core, see the Conformance Requirements page.

Background

The US Core requirements were originally developed, balloted, and published in FHIR DSTU2 as part of the Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONC) sponsored Data Access Framework (DAF) project. The Argonaut Data Query Implementation Guide superseded DAF and documented security and authorization and the querying of the 2015 Edition Common Clinical Data Set (CCDS) and static documents. US Core descended directly from the Argonaut guide to support FHIR Version STU3 and eventually FHIR R4 and The ONC U.S. Core Data for Interoperability (USCDI).

How to read this Guide

This Guide is divided into several pages, which are listed at the top of each page in the menu bar.

  • Home: The home page provides the introduction and background for US Core.
  • Conformance: These pages describe the set of rules to claim conformance to this guide
    • General Requirements: This page defines requirements common to all actors and profiles used in this guide including how CapabilityStatements are used to claim conformance.
    • Must Support: This page defines the expectations for mandatory and Must Support elements in the US Core Profiles.
  • Guidance: The Guidance pages document best practices and how to use the profiles and transactions defined in this guide.
    • USCDI: This page maps the US Core Profiles to the (USCDI) data classes and data elements.
    • General Guidance: This page provides guidance and definitions and requirements common to all actors and profiles used in this guide.
    • Clinical Notes: This page gives guidance on the interactions between Consumers and Producers of clinical notes.
    • Medication List: This page gives guidance on how a patient or provider can access a patient’s medications.
    • Basic Provenance: This page provides implementers with important definitions to create and share the Provenance Resource.
    • Screening and Assessments: This page documents how US Core Profiles are used to represent screenings and assessments for patient health status
    • Changes Between Versions: This page considers the user and developer experience when transitioning between versions of US Core and documents the changes between versions.
    • Future of US Core: This page outlines the approach to adding new content to US Core.
  • FHIR Artifacts: These pages provide detailed descriptions and formal definitions for all the FHIR objects defined in this guide.
    • Profiles and Extensions: This page lists the US Core Profiles and Extensions defined in this guide to exchange quality data.
      • Each US Core Profile page includes a narrative description that lists all the Mandatory and Must Support data elements, profile-specific implementation guidance, and formal definition. A “Quick Start” guide summarizes the supported search transactions for each profile. Although the guidance typically focuses on the profiled elements, it also may cover un-profiled elements to aid with implementation and certification.
    • Search Parameters and Operations: This page lists the defined US Core Operations and Search Parameters used in US Core transactions.
    • Terminology: This page lists the US Core ValueSets, and CodeSystems defined for the profiles.
    • Capability Statements: These pages define the expected FHIR capabilities of the US Core Servers and Clients.
  • Security: This page documents the general security requirements and recommendations for actors.
  • Examples: This page lists all the examples used in this guide. These example instances show what data produced and consumed by systems conforming with this implementation guide might look like. Every effort has been made to ensure that the examples are correct and useful, but they are not a normative part of the specification nor are they fully representative of real world examples.
  • Downloads: This page provides links to downloadable artifacts.
  • Change Log: This page documents the changes across the versions of US Core

US Core Actors

The following actors are part of the US Core IG:

US Core Requestor

An application that initiates a data access request to retrieve patient data. The US Core Requestor is the client in a client-server interaction. The terms “US Core Requestor”, and “Client” are used interchangeably throughout this guide and are not meant to limit this actor to only patient and provider apps. For example, payers and other users can use the same technology. These terms are a short-hand notation for “user application”.

US Core Responder

A system that responds to the data access request providing patient data. The US Core responder is the server in a client-server interaction. The terms “US Core Responder”, “Server”, and “EHR” are used interchangeably throughout this guide and are not meant to limit this actor to electronic health record systems. For example, HIEs, care coordination platforms, population health systems, etc., can use the same technology. These terms are a short-hand notation for “interoperable healthcare platform”.

US Core Profiles

The list of US Core Profiles is shown below. Each profile identifies which core elements, extensions, vocabularies, and ValueSets SHALL be present in the resource when using this profile. Together they promote interoperability and adoption through common implementation and provide the floor for standards development for specific use cases. See the USCDI page, for a mapping to the U.S. Core Data for Interoperability (USCDI).

A simple narrative summary gives each profile’s requirements and guidance. A formal hierarchical table presents a logical view of the content in both a differential and snapshot view and references to appropriate terminologies and examples are provided.

AllergyIntolerance

CarePlan

CareTeam

Condition

Coverage

Device

DiagnosticReport

DocumentReference

Encounter

Goal

Immunization

Location

Medication

MedicationDispense

MedicationRequest

Observation

Organization

Patient

Practitioner

PractitionerRole

Procedure

Provenance

QuestionnaireResponse

RelatedPerson

ServiceRequest

Specimen

US Core FHIR RESTful interactions

For systems that support the US Core Profile content structure and the RESTful interactions defined for a resource, the requirements are formally defined in the US Core CapabilityStatements. In addition, each profile page has a Quick Start Section that documents the required FHIR RESTful search and read operations. These sections demonstrate how to access a patient’s clinical and administrative data:

Example of a simple FHIR RESTful Search Transaction
basic_fhir_restful_interaction.svg

See the FHIR specification for details on FHIR RESTful Search API and the SMART App Launch for how an application gets access to a patient record.

Primary Authors: Brett Marquard, Eric Haas, Gay Dolin