US Core Implementation Guide
4.1.0 - STU4 Ballot

This page is part of the US Core (v4.1.0: STU5 Ballot 1) based on FHIR R4. The current version which supercedes this version is 5.0.1. For a full list of available versions, see the Directory of published versions

Resource Profile: US Core Blood Pressure Profile

Defining URL:http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/StructureDefinition/us-core-blood-pressure
Version:4.1.0
Name:USCoreBloodPressureProfile
Title:US Core Blood Pressure Profile
Status:Active as of 11/17/20
Definition:

Defines constraints on Observation to represent diastolic and systolic blood pressure observations with standard LOINC codes and UCUM units of measure. This profile is derived from the US Core Vital Signs Profile.

Publisher:HL7 International - Cross-Group Projects
Copyright:

Used by permission of HL7 International, all rights reserved Creative Commons License

Source Resource:XML / JSON / Turtle

The official URL for this profile is: 

http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/StructureDefinition/us-core-blood-pressure

This profile sets minimum expectations for the Observation resource to record, search, and fetch blood pressure observations. It is based on the US Core Vital Signs Profile and identifies the additional mandatory core elements, extensions, vocabularies and value sets which SHALL be present in the Observation resource when using this profile.

Example Usage Scenarios:

The following are example usage scenarios for the US Core Blood Pressure Profile:

  • Query for blood pressure observation belonging to a pediatric patient
  • Record or update pressure belonging to a pediatric patient

Mandatory and Must Support Data Elements

In addition to the mandatory and must support data elements in the US Core Vital Signs Profile, the following data-elements must always be present (Mandatory definition]) or must be supported if the data is present in the sending system (Must Support definition). They are presented below in a simple human-readable explanation. Profile specific guidance and examples are provided as well. The Formal Profile Definition below provides the formal summary, definitions, and terminology requirements. The “Snapshot Table (Must Support)” tab below displays all the mandatory and must support data elements for this profile and the those inherited from the US Core Vital Signs Profile. Note that this profile also conforms to the base FHIR Vital Signs Profile.

Each Observation must have:

  1. a patient
  2. a fixed code for systolic and diastolic blood pressure panel
  3. a fixed component code for systolic blood pressure
  4. a fixed component code for diastolic blood pressure

Each Observation must support: healt

  1. a result value for systolic blood pressure
  2. a result value for diastolic blood pressure

Profile specific implementation guidance:

  • See the implementation guidance section for the US Core Vital Signs Profile
  • An Observation without a systolic or diastolic result value, SHALL include a reason why the data is absent in Observation.component.dataAbsentReason
    • Because all the components are mandatory (in other words the minimum cardinality is =>1), all server systems - including those that never provide a component observation without a value - must to support Observation.component.dataAbsentReason for the components.

Even a server that always values diastolic and systolic needs to support DAR

Examples

Formal Views of Profile Content

Description of Profiles, Differentials, Snapshots and how the different presentations work.

This structure is derived from USCoreVitalSignsProfile

Summary

Mandatory: 4 elements (8 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 16 elements
Fixed Value: 4 elements

Slices

This structure defines the following Slices:

  • The element Observation.component is sliced based on the value of pattern:code

This structure is derived from USCoreVitalSignsProfile

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraintsdoco
.. Observation 0..*USCoreVitalSignsProfileUS Core Blood Pressure Profile
... code S1..1CodeableConceptBlood Pressure
Required Pattern: At least the following
.... coding1..*CodingCode defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (complex)
..... system1..1uriIdentity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
..... code1..1codeSymbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 85354-9
... Slices for component S2..*BackboneElementComponent observations
Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
.... component:systolic S1..1BackboneElementSystolic Blood Pressure
..... code S1..1CodeableConceptSystolic Blood Pressure Code
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... coding1..*CodingCode defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (complex)
....... system1..1uriIdentity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... code1..1codeSymbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 8480-6
..... valueQuantity S0..1QuantityVital Sign Component Value
...... value S1..1decimalNumerical value (with implicit precision)
...... unit S1..1stringUnit representation
...... system S1..1uriSystem that defines coded unit form
Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code S1..1codeCoded form of the unit
Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
.... component:diastolic S1..1BackboneElementDiastolic Blood Pressure
..... code S1..1CodeableConceptDiastolic Blood Pressure Code
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... coding1..*CodingCode defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (complex)
....... system1..1uriIdentity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... code1..1codeSymbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 8462-4
..... valueQuantity S0..1QuantityVital Sign Component Value
...... value S1..1decimalNumerical value (with implicit precision)
...... unit S1..1stringUnit representation
...... system S1..1uriSystem that defines coded unit form
Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code S1..1codeCoded form of the unit
Fixed Value: mm[Hg]

doco Documentation for this format
NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraintsdoco
.. Observation I0..*USCoreVitalSignsProfileUS Core Blood Pressure Profile
... id Σ0..1stringLogical id of this artifact
... meta Σ0..1MetaMetadata about the resource
... implicitRules ?!Σ0..1uriA set of rules under which this content was created
... language 0..1codeLanguage of the resource content
Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred)
Max Binding: AllLanguages: A human language.

... text 0..1NarrativeText summary of the resource, for human interpretation
... contained 0..*ResourceContained, inline Resources
... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
... modifierExtension ?!0..*ExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored
... identifier Σ0..*IdentifierBusiness Identifier for observation
... basedOn Σ0..*Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)Fulfills plan, proposal or order
... partOf Σ0..*Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)Part of referenced event
... status ?!SΣ1..1coderegistered | preliminary | final | amended +
Binding: ObservationStatus (required)
... Slices for category S1..*CodeableConceptClassification of type of observation
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.


.... category:VSCat S1..1CodeableConceptClassification of type of observation
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.


..... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
..... Slices for extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... coding SΣ1..*CodingCode defined by a terminology system
...... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
...... Slices for extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... system SΣ1..1uriIdentity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
...... version Σ0..1stringVersion of the system - if relevant
...... code SΣ1..1codeSymbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: vital-signs
...... display Σ0..1stringRepresentation defined by the system
...... userSelected Σ0..1booleanIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
..... text Σ0..1stringPlain text representation of the concept
... code SΣ1..1CodeableConceptBlood Pressure
Binding: US Core Vital Signs ValueSet (extensible): The vital sign codes from the base FHIR and US Core Vital Signs.


Required Pattern: At least the following
.... id0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
.... coding1..*CodingCode defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (complex)
..... id0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
..... system1..1uriIdentity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
..... version0..1stringVersion of the system - if relevant
..... code1..1codeSymbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 85354-9
..... display0..1stringRepresentation defined by the system
..... userSelected0..1booleanIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
.... text0..1stringPlain text representation of the concept
... subject SΣ1..1Reference(US Core Patient Profile)Who and/or what the observation is about
... focus Σ0..*Reference(Resource)What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
... encounter Σ0..1Reference(Encounter)Healthcare event during which this observation is made
... effective[x] SΣI1..1Often just a dateTime for Vital Signs
.... effectiveDateTimedateTime S
.... effectivePeriodPeriod
... issued Σ0..1instantDate/Time this version was made available
... performer Σ0..*Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | CareTeam | Patient | RelatedPerson)Who is responsible for the observation
... value[x] SΣI0..1Vital Signs Value
Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.

.... valueQuantityQuantity S
.... valueCodeableConceptCodeableConcept
.... valueStringstring
.... valueBooleanboolean
.... valueIntegerinteger
.... valueRangeRange
.... valueRatioRatio
.... valueSampledDataSampledData
.... valueTimetime
.... valueDateTimedateTime
.... valuePeriodPeriod
... dataAbsentReason SI0..1CodeableConceptWhy the result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

... interpretation 0..*CodeableConceptHigh, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.


... note 0..*AnnotationComments about the observation
... bodySite 0..1CodeableConceptObserved body part
Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.

... method 0..1CodeableConceptHow it was done
Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.

... specimen 0..1Reference(Specimen)Specimen used for this observation
... device 0..1Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)(Measurement) Device
... referenceRange I0..*BackboneElementProvides guide for interpretation
obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text
.... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
.... modifierExtension ?!Σ0..*ExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
.... low I0..1SimpleQuantityLow Range, if relevant
.... high I0..1SimpleQuantityHigh Range, if relevant
.... type 0..1CodeableConceptReference range qualifier
Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.

.... appliesTo 0..*CodeableConceptReference range population
Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.


.... age 0..1RangeApplicable age range, if relevant
.... text 0..1stringText based reference range in an observation
... hasMember Σ0..*Reference(QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence | Vital Signs Profile)Used when reporting vital signs panel components
... derivedFrom Σ0..*Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence | Vital Signs Profile)Related measurements the observation is made from
... Slices for component SΣI2..*BackboneElementComponent observations
Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
.... component:All Slices Content/Rules for all slices
..... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ0..*ExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code SΣ1..1CodeableConceptType of component observation (code / type)
Binding: US Core Vital Signs ValueSet (extensible): The vital sign codes from the base FHIR and US Core Vital Signs.

..... value[x] SΣI0..1Vital Sign Component Value
Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.

...... valueQuantityQuantity S
...... valueCodeableConceptCodeableConcept
...... valueStringstring
...... valueBooleanboolean
...... valueIntegerinteger
...... valueRangeRange
...... valueRatioRatio
...... valueSampledDataSampledData
...... valueTimetime
...... valueDateTimedateTime
...... valuePeriodPeriod
..... dataAbsentReason SI0..1CodeableConceptWhy the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

..... interpretation 0..*CodeableConceptHigh, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.


..... referenceRange 0..*See referenceRange (Observation)Provides guide for interpretation of component result
.... component:systolic SΣI1..1BackboneElementSystolic Blood Pressure
..... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ0..*ExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code SΣ1..1CodeableConceptSystolic Blood Pressure Code
Binding: US Core Vital Signs ValueSet (extensible): The vital sign codes from the base FHIR and US Core Vital Signs.


Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
...... coding1..*CodingCode defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (complex)
....... id0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
....... system1..1uriIdentity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... version0..1stringVersion of the system - if relevant
....... code1..1codeSymbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 8480-6
....... display0..1stringRepresentation defined by the system
....... userSelected0..1booleanIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text0..1stringPlain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣI0..1QuantityVital Sign Component Value
Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.

...... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
...... Slices for extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... value SΣ1..1decimalNumerical value (with implicit precision)
...... comparator ?!Σ0..1code< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.

...... unit SΣ1..1stringUnit representation
...... system SΣI1..1uriSystem that defines coded unit form
Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code SΣ1..1codeCoded form of the unit
Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
..... dataAbsentReason SI0..1CodeableConceptWhy the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

..... interpretation 0..*CodeableConceptHigh, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.


..... referenceRange 0..*See referenceRange (Observation)Provides guide for interpretation of component result
.... component:diastolic SΣI1..1BackboneElementDiastolic Blood Pressure
..... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ0..*ExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code SΣ1..1CodeableConceptDiastolic Blood Pressure Code
Binding: US Core Vital Signs ValueSet (extensible): The vital sign codes from the base FHIR and US Core Vital Signs.


Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
...... coding1..*CodingCode defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (complex)
....... id0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
....... system1..1uriIdentity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... version0..1stringVersion of the system - if relevant
....... code1..1codeSymbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 8462-4
....... display0..1stringRepresentation defined by the system
....... userSelected0..1booleanIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text0..1stringPlain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣI0..1QuantityVital Sign Component Value
Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.

...... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
...... Slices for extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... value SΣ1..1decimalNumerical value (with implicit precision)
...... comparator ?!Σ0..1code< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.

...... unit SΣ1..1stringUnit representation
...... system SΣI1..1uriSystem that defines coded unit form
Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code SΣ1..1codeCoded form of the unit
Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
..... dataAbsentReason SI0..1CodeableConceptWhy the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

..... interpretation 0..*CodeableConceptHigh, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.


..... referenceRange 0..*See referenceRange (Observation)Provides guide for interpretation of component result

doco Documentation for this format
NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraintsdoco
.. Observation I0..*USCoreVitalSignsProfileUS Core Blood Pressure Profile
... status ?!Σ1..1coderegistered | preliminary | final | amended +
Binding: ObservationStatus (required)
... Slices for category 1..*CodeableConceptClassification of type of observation
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.


.... category:VSCat 1..1CodeableConceptClassification of type of observation
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.


..... coding Σ1..*CodingCode defined by a terminology system
...... system Σ1..1uriIdentity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
...... code Σ1..1codeSymbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: vital-signs
... code Σ1..1CodeableConceptBlood Pressure
Binding: US Core Vital Signs ValueSet (extensible): The vital sign codes from the base FHIR and US Core Vital Signs.


Required Pattern: At least the following
.... coding1..*CodingCode defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (complex)
..... system1..1uriIdentity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
..... code1..1codeSymbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 85354-9
... subject Σ1..1Reference(US Core Patient Profile)Who and/or what the observation is about
... effective[x] ΣI1..1Often just a dateTime for Vital Signs
.... effectiveDateTimedateTime
... value[x] ΣI0..1Vital Signs Value
Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.

.... valueQuantityQuantity
... dataAbsentReason I0..1CodeableConceptWhy the result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

... Slices for component ΣI2..*BackboneElementComponent observations
Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
.... component:All Slices Content/Rules for all slices
..... code Σ1..1CodeableConceptType of component observation (code / type)
Binding: US Core Vital Signs ValueSet (extensible): The vital sign codes from the base FHIR and US Core Vital Signs.

..... value[x] ΣI0..1Vital Sign Component Value
Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.

...... valueQuantityQuantity
..... dataAbsentReason I0..1CodeableConceptWhy the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

.... component:systolic ΣI1..1BackboneElementSystolic Blood Pressure
..... code Σ1..1CodeableConceptSystolic Blood Pressure Code
Binding: US Core Vital Signs ValueSet (extensible): The vital sign codes from the base FHIR and US Core Vital Signs.


Required Pattern: At least the following
...... coding1..*CodingCode defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (complex)
....... system1..1uriIdentity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... code1..1codeSymbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 8480-6
..... value[x] ΣI0..1QuantityVital Sign Component Value
Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.

...... value Σ1..1decimalNumerical value (with implicit precision)
...... unit Σ1..1stringUnit representation
...... system ΣI1..1uriSystem that defines coded unit form
Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code Σ1..1codeCoded form of the unit
Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
..... dataAbsentReason I0..1CodeableConceptWhy the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

.... component:diastolic ΣI1..1BackboneElementDiastolic Blood Pressure
..... code Σ1..1CodeableConceptDiastolic Blood Pressure Code
Binding: US Core Vital Signs ValueSet (extensible): The vital sign codes from the base FHIR and US Core Vital Signs.


Required Pattern: At least the following
...... coding1..*CodingCode defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (complex)
....... system1..1uriIdentity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... code1..1codeSymbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 8462-4
..... value[x] ΣI0..1QuantityVital Sign Component Value
Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.

...... value Σ1..1decimalNumerical value (with implicit precision)
...... unit Σ1..1stringUnit representation
...... system ΣI1..1uriSystem that defines coded unit form
Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code Σ1..1codeCoded form of the unit
Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
..... dataAbsentReason I0..1CodeableConceptWhy the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.


doco Documentation for this format

This structure is derived from USCoreVitalSignsProfile

Summary

Mandatory: 4 elements (8 nested mandatory elements)
Must-Support: 16 elements
Fixed Value: 4 elements

Slices

This structure defines the following Slices:

  • The element Observation.component is sliced based on the value of pattern:code

Differential View

This structure is derived from USCoreVitalSignsProfile

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraintsdoco
.. Observation 0..*USCoreVitalSignsProfileUS Core Blood Pressure Profile
... code S1..1CodeableConceptBlood Pressure
Required Pattern: At least the following
.... coding1..*CodingCode defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (complex)
..... system1..1uriIdentity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
..... code1..1codeSymbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 85354-9
... Slices for component S2..*BackboneElementComponent observations
Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
.... component:systolic S1..1BackboneElementSystolic Blood Pressure
..... code S1..1CodeableConceptSystolic Blood Pressure Code
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... coding1..*CodingCode defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (complex)
....... system1..1uriIdentity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... code1..1codeSymbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 8480-6
..... valueQuantity S0..1QuantityVital Sign Component Value
...... value S1..1decimalNumerical value (with implicit precision)
...... unit S1..1stringUnit representation
...... system S1..1uriSystem that defines coded unit form
Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code S1..1codeCoded form of the unit
Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
.... component:diastolic S1..1BackboneElementDiastolic Blood Pressure
..... code S1..1CodeableConceptDiastolic Blood Pressure Code
Required Pattern: At least the following
...... coding1..*CodingCode defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (complex)
....... system1..1uriIdentity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... code1..1codeSymbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 8462-4
..... valueQuantity S0..1QuantityVital Sign Component Value
...... value S1..1decimalNumerical value (with implicit precision)
...... unit S1..1stringUnit representation
...... system S1..1uriSystem that defines coded unit form
Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code S1..1codeCoded form of the unit
Fixed Value: mm[Hg]

doco Documentation for this format

Snapshot View

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraintsdoco
.. Observation I0..*USCoreVitalSignsProfileUS Core Blood Pressure Profile
... id Σ0..1stringLogical id of this artifact
... meta Σ0..1MetaMetadata about the resource
... implicitRules ?!Σ0..1uriA set of rules under which this content was created
... language 0..1codeLanguage of the resource content
Binding: CommonLanguages (preferred)
Max Binding: AllLanguages: A human language.

... text 0..1NarrativeText summary of the resource, for human interpretation
... contained 0..*ResourceContained, inline Resources
... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
... modifierExtension ?!0..*ExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored
... identifier Σ0..*IdentifierBusiness Identifier for observation
... basedOn Σ0..*Reference(CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)Fulfills plan, proposal or order
... partOf Σ0..*Reference(MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy)Part of referenced event
... status ?!SΣ1..1coderegistered | preliminary | final | amended +
Binding: ObservationStatus (required)
... Slices for category S1..*CodeableConceptClassification of type of observation
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:coding.code, value:coding.system
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.


.... category:VSCat S1..1CodeableConceptClassification of type of observation
Binding: ObservationCategoryCodes (preferred): Codes for high level observation categories.


..... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
..... Slices for extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... coding SΣ1..*CodingCode defined by a terminology system
...... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
...... Slices for extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... system SΣ1..1uriIdentity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category
...... version Σ0..1stringVersion of the system - if relevant
...... code SΣ1..1codeSymbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: vital-signs
...... display Σ0..1stringRepresentation defined by the system
...... userSelected Σ0..1booleanIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
..... text Σ0..1stringPlain text representation of the concept
... code SΣ1..1CodeableConceptBlood Pressure
Binding: US Core Vital Signs ValueSet (extensible): The vital sign codes from the base FHIR and US Core Vital Signs.


Required Pattern: At least the following
.... id0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
.... coding1..*CodingCode defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (complex)
..... id0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
..... system1..1uriIdentity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
..... version0..1stringVersion of the system - if relevant
..... code1..1codeSymbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 85354-9
..... display0..1stringRepresentation defined by the system
..... userSelected0..1booleanIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
.... text0..1stringPlain text representation of the concept
... subject SΣ1..1Reference(US Core Patient Profile)Who and/or what the observation is about
... focus Σ0..*Reference(Resource)What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
... encounter Σ0..1Reference(Encounter)Healthcare event during which this observation is made
... effective[x] SΣI1..1Often just a dateTime for Vital Signs
.... effectiveDateTimedateTime S
.... effectivePeriodPeriod
... issued Σ0..1instantDate/Time this version was made available
... performer Σ0..*Reference(Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | CareTeam | Patient | RelatedPerson)Who is responsible for the observation
... value[x] SΣI0..1Vital Signs Value
Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.

.... valueQuantityQuantity S
.... valueCodeableConceptCodeableConcept
.... valueStringstring
.... valueBooleanboolean
.... valueIntegerinteger
.... valueRangeRange
.... valueRatioRatio
.... valueSampledDataSampledData
.... valueTimetime
.... valueDateTimedateTime
.... valuePeriodPeriod
... dataAbsentReason SI0..1CodeableConceptWhy the result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

... interpretation 0..*CodeableConceptHigh, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.


... note 0..*AnnotationComments about the observation
... bodySite 0..1CodeableConceptObserved body part
Binding: SNOMEDCTBodyStructures (example): Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality.

... method 0..1CodeableConceptHow it was done
Binding: ObservationMethods (example): Methods for simple observations.

... specimen 0..1Reference(Specimen)Specimen used for this observation
... device 0..1Reference(Device | DeviceMetric)(Measurement) Device
... referenceRange I0..*BackboneElementProvides guide for interpretation
obs-3: Must have at least a low or a high or text
.... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
.... modifierExtension ?!Σ0..*ExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
.... low I0..1SimpleQuantityLow Range, if relevant
.... high I0..1SimpleQuantityHigh Range, if relevant
.... type 0..1CodeableConceptReference range qualifier
Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes (preferred): Code for the meaning of a reference range.

.... appliesTo 0..*CodeableConceptReference range population
Binding: ObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes (example): Codes identifying the population the reference range applies to.


.... age 0..1RangeApplicable age range, if relevant
.... text 0..1stringText based reference range in an observation
... hasMember Σ0..*Reference(QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence | Vital Signs Profile)Used when reporting vital signs panel components
... derivedFrom Σ0..*Reference(DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | Media | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence | Vital Signs Profile)Related measurements the observation is made from
... Slices for component SΣI2..*BackboneElementComponent observations
Slice: Unordered, Open by pattern:code
.... component:All Slices Content/Rules for all slices
..... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ0..*ExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code SΣ1..1CodeableConceptType of component observation (code / type)
Binding: US Core Vital Signs ValueSet (extensible): The vital sign codes from the base FHIR and US Core Vital Signs.

..... value[x] SΣI0..1Vital Sign Component Value
Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.

...... valueQuantityQuantity S
...... valueCodeableConceptCodeableConcept
...... valueStringstring
...... valueBooleanboolean
...... valueIntegerinteger
...... valueRangeRange
...... valueRatioRatio
...... valueSampledDataSampledData
...... valueTimetime
...... valueDateTimedateTime
...... valuePeriodPeriod
..... dataAbsentReason SI0..1CodeableConceptWhy the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

..... interpretation 0..*CodeableConceptHigh, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.


..... referenceRange 0..*See referenceRange (Observation)Provides guide for interpretation of component result
.... component:systolic SΣI1..1BackboneElementSystolic Blood Pressure
..... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ0..*ExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code SΣ1..1CodeableConceptSystolic Blood Pressure Code
Binding: US Core Vital Signs ValueSet (extensible): The vital sign codes from the base FHIR and US Core Vital Signs.


Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
...... coding1..*CodingCode defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (complex)
....... id0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
....... system1..1uriIdentity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... version0..1stringVersion of the system - if relevant
....... code1..1codeSymbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 8480-6
....... display0..1stringRepresentation defined by the system
....... userSelected0..1booleanIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text0..1stringPlain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣI0..1QuantityVital Sign Component Value
Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.

...... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
...... Slices for extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... value SΣ1..1decimalNumerical value (with implicit precision)
...... comparator ?!Σ0..1code< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.

...... unit SΣ1..1stringUnit representation
...... system SΣI1..1uriSystem that defines coded unit form
Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code SΣ1..1codeCoded form of the unit
Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
..... dataAbsentReason SI0..1CodeableConceptWhy the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

..... interpretation 0..*CodeableConceptHigh, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.


..... referenceRange 0..*See referenceRange (Observation)Provides guide for interpretation of component result
.... component:diastolic SΣI1..1BackboneElementDiastolic Blood Pressure
..... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
..... modifierExtension ?!Σ0..*ExtensionExtensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized
..... code SΣ1..1CodeableConceptDiastolic Blood Pressure Code
Binding: US Core Vital Signs ValueSet (extensible): The vital sign codes from the base FHIR and US Core Vital Signs.


Required Pattern: At least the following
...... id0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
...... extension0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
...... coding1..*CodingCode defined by a terminology system
Fixed Value: (complex)
....... id0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
....... extension0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
....... system1..1uriIdentity of the terminology system
Fixed Value: http://loinc.org
....... version0..1stringVersion of the system - if relevant
....... code1..1codeSymbol in syntax defined by the system
Fixed Value: 8462-4
....... display0..1stringRepresentation defined by the system
....... userSelected0..1booleanIf this coding was chosen directly by the user
...... text0..1stringPlain text representation of the concept
..... value[x] SΣI0..1QuantityVital Sign Component Value
Binding: VitalSignsUnits (extensible): Common UCUM units for recording Vital Signs.

...... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
...... Slices for extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
...... value SΣ1..1decimalNumerical value (with implicit precision)
...... comparator ?!Σ0..1code< | <= | >= | > - how to understand the value
Binding: QuantityComparator (required): How the Quantity should be understood and represented.

...... unit SΣ1..1stringUnit representation
...... system SΣI1..1uriSystem that defines coded unit form
Fixed Value: http://unitsofmeasure.org
...... code SΣ1..1codeCoded form of the unit
Fixed Value: mm[Hg]
..... dataAbsentReason SI0..1CodeableConceptWhy the component result is missing
Binding: DataAbsentReason (extensible): Codes specifying why the result (Observation.value[x]) is missing.

..... interpretation 0..*CodeableConceptHigh, low, normal, etc.
Binding: ObservationInterpretationCodes (extensible): Codes identifying interpretations of observations.


..... referenceRange 0..*See referenceRange (Observation)Provides guide for interpretation of component result

doco Documentation for this format

 

Other representations of profile: CSV, Excel, Schematron

Terminology Bindings

PathConformanceValueSet / Code
Observation.languagepreferredCommonLanguages
Max Binding: AllLanguages
Observation.statusrequiredObservationStatus
Observation.categorypreferredObservationCategoryCodes
Observation.category:VSCatpreferredObservationCategoryCodes
Observation.codeextensiblePattern: LOINC code 85354-9
Observation.value[x]extensibleVitalSignsUnits
Observation.dataAbsentReasonextensibleDataAbsentReason
Observation.interpretationextensibleObservationInterpretationCodes
Observation.bodySiteexampleSNOMEDCTBodyStructures
Observation.methodexampleObservationMethods
Observation.referenceRange.typepreferredObservationReferenceRangeMeaningCodes
Observation.referenceRange.appliesToexampleObservationReferenceRangeAppliesToCodes
Observation.component.codeextensibleUsCoreVitalSigns
Observation.component.value[x]extensibleVitalSignsUnits
Observation.component.dataAbsentReasonextensibleDataAbsentReason
Observation.component.interpretationextensibleObservationInterpretationCodes
Observation.component:systolic.codeextensiblePattern: LOINC code 8480-6
Observation.component:systolic.value[x]extensibleVitalSignsUnits
Observation.component:systolic.value[x].comparatorrequiredQuantityComparator
Observation.component:systolic.dataAbsentReasonextensibleDataAbsentReason
Observation.component:systolic.interpretationextensibleObservationInterpretationCodes
Observation.component:diastolic.codeextensiblePattern: LOINC code 8462-4
Observation.component:diastolic.value[x]extensibleVitalSignsUnits
Observation.component:diastolic.value[x].comparatorrequiredQuantityComparator
Observation.component:diastolic.dataAbsentReasonextensibleDataAbsentReason
Observation.component:diastolic.interpretationextensibleObservationInterpretationCodes

Constraints

IdPathDetailsRequirements
obs-3Observation.referenceRangeMust have at least a low or a high or text
: low.exists() or high.exists() or text.exists()

Notes:

Quick Start

Below is an overview of the required Server RESTful FHIR interactions for this profile - for example, search and read operations - when supporting the US Core interactions to access this profile’s information (Profile Support + Interaction Support). Note that systems that support only US Core Profiles (Profile Only Support) are not required to support these interactions. See the US Core Server CapabilityStatement for a complete list of supported RESTful interactions for this IG.

  • The syntax used to describe the interactions is described here.
  • See the General Guidance section for additional rules and expectations when a server requires status parameters.
  • See the General Guidance section for additional guidance on searching for multiple patients.

Mandatory Search Parameters:

The following search parameters and search parameter combinations SHALL be supported:

  1. SHALL support searching using the combination of the patient and category search parameters:

    GET [base]/Observation?patient={Type/}[id]&category=http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category|vital-signs

    Example:

    1. GET [base]/Observation?patient=1134281&category=http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category|vital-signs

    Implementation Notes: Fetches a bundle of all Observation resources for the specified patient and a category code = vital-signs (how to search by reference and how to search by token)

  2. SHALL support searching using the combination of the patient and code search parameters:
    • including optional support for OR search on code (e.g.code={system|}[code],{system|}[code],...)

    GET [base]/Observation?patient={Type/}[id]&code={system|}[code]{,{system|}[code],...}

    Example:

    1. GET [base]/Observation?patient=1186747&code=http://loinc.org|8867-4,http://loinc.org|9279-1,http://loinc.org|85354-9

    Implementation Notes: Fetches a bundle of all Observation resources for the specified patient and observation code(s). SHOULD support search by multiple codes. The Observation code parameter searches `Observation.code only. (how to search by reference and how to search by token)

  3. SHALL support searching using the combination of the patient and category and date search parameters:
    • including support for these date comparators: gt,lt,ge,le
    • including optional support for AND search on date (e.g.date=[date]&date=[date]]&...)

    GET [base]/Observation?patient={Type/}[id]&category=http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category|vital-signs&date={gt|lt|ge|le}[date]{&date={gt|lt|ge|le}[date]&...}

    Example:

    1. GET [base]/Observation?patient=1134281&category=http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category|vital-signs&date=ge2020-01-01T00:00:00Z

    Implementation Notes: Fetches a bundle of all Observation resources for the specified patient and date and a category code = vital-signs (how to search by reference and how to search by token and how to search by date)

Optional Search Parameters:

The following search parameter combinations SHOULD be supported:

  1. SHOULD support searching using the combination of the patient and category and status search parameters:
    • including support for OR search on status (e.g.status={system|}[code],{system|}[code],...)

    GET [base]/Observation?patient={Type/}[id]&category=http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category|vital-signs&status={system|}[code]{,{system|}[code],...}

    Example:

    1. GET [base]/Observation?patient=1134281&category=http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-category|vital-signs&status=final

    Implementation Notes: Fetches a bundle of all Observation resources for the specified patient and category and status (how to search by reference and how to search by token)

  2. SHOULD support searching using the combination of the patient and code and date search parameters:
    • including optional support for OR search on code (e.g.code={system|}[code],{system|}[code],...)
    • including support for these date comparators: gt,lt,ge,le
    • including optional support for AND search on date (e.g.date=[date]&date=[date]]&...)

    GET [base]/Observation?patient={Type/}[id]&code={system|}[code]{,{system|}[code],...}&date={gt|lt|ge|le}[date]{&date={gt|lt|ge|le}[date]&...}

    Example:

    1. GET [base]/Observation?patient=1186747&code=http://loinc.org|8867-4,http://loinc.org|9279-1,http://loinc.org|85354-9&date=ge2020-01-01T00:00:00Z

    Implementation Notes: Fetches a bundle of all Observation resources for the specified patient and date and report code(s). SHOULD support search by multiple codes. (how to search by reference and how to search by token and how to search by date)