This code system http://hl7.org/fhir/us/breast-radiology/CodeSystem/AssociatedFeatureCS defines the following codes:
| Code | Display | Definition |
| ArchitecturalDistortion | Architectural distortion | Many breast masses are found within the zone of fibroglandular
tissue or at a fat-fibroglandular
junction.
If the mass blurs a tissue plane between fat and
fibroglandular tissue or if the
mass produces
distortion of the ducts, these findings may be termed
architectural distortion.
[Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System—Mammography, Fifth Edition page 139]
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| AxillaryAdenopathy | Axillary adenopathy | Enlarged axillary (under the armpit) lymph nodes.
Additional evaluation is needed to determine the
cause.
[Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System—Ultrasound, Second Edition page 110]
Valid for the following modalities: MG MRI. |
| BiopsyClip | Biopsy clip | Tissue marker placement after image-guided breast
biopsy has become a routine component
of clinical practice.
Marker placement distinguishes multiple biopsied
lesions within the same breast,
prevents re-biopsy of benign lesions, enables multi-modality
correlation, guides
pre-operative localization and helps confirm surgical
target removal.
Numerous breast tissue markers are currently available,
with varied shapes, composition,
and associated bio-absorbable components.
[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30059952]
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| BrachytherapyTube | Brachytherapy tube | Brachytherapy may be temporary or permanent.
Temporary brachytherapy places radioactive material
inside a catheter for a specific
amount of time and then it is removed.
It is given at a low-dose rate (LDR) or high-dose
rate (HDR).
Permanent brachytherapy is also called seed implantation.
It puts radioactive seeds (about the size of a grain
of rice) in or near the tumor
permanently.
After several months, the seeds lose their radioactivity.
[https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?pg=brachy]
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| ChestWallInvasion | Chest wall invasion | A tumor of the lung that has invaded the chest wall.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| CooperDistorted | Cooper distorted | The cooper's ligaments are fibrous bands extending
vertically from surface attached to
chest wall muscles.
These ligaments maintain the shape and structure
of the breasts and help to prevent
sagging.
Cooper's ligaments support the breasts on the chest
wall, maintain their contour,
and keep them in position.
Breasts become distorted if cancerous tumors grow
on the ligaments.
The normal breast contours can be noticeably different
once distorted.
This can be because of swelling, bulges, retraction,
etc.
Valid for the following modalities: US. |
| CooperThickened | Cooper thickened | The cooper's ligaments are fibrous bands extending
vertically from surface attached
to chest wall muscles.
These ligaments maintain the shape and structure
of the breasts and help to prevent
sagging.
Cooper's ligaments support the breasts on the chest
wall, maintain their contour,
and keep them in position.
These support breast tissue; and can become contracted
in cancer of breast, producing
dimples in overlying skin.
Thickening occurs when there are skin changes usually
associated with the presence
of a mass, benign or malignant, that causes shortening
in the Coopers ligaments due
to fibrosis.
Valid for the following modalities: US. |
| Edema | Edema | Edema (swelling of the breasts) may be due to blockage
of subdermal lymphatics by tumor cells or an inflammatory
process within the breast or axilla.
Valid for the following modalities: US. |
| EdemaAdj | Edema adj | This is swelling of one or both breasts.
A mammographic pattern of skin thickening, increased
parenchymal density, and interstitial marking.
Valid for the following modalities: US. |
| GoldSeed | Gold Seed | Tiny, gold seeds, about the size of a grain of rice,
that are put in and/or around
a tumor to show exactly where it is in the body.
The tumor can then be directly targeted and be given
higher doses of radiation
with less harm to nearby healthy tissue.
Also called gold fiducial marker seeds, gold fiducial
markers, and gold-seed fiducial
markers.
[https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/gold-seeds]
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| Hematoma | Hematoma | A hematoma is a localized bleeding outside of blood
vessels, due to either disease
or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve
blood continuing to seep from
broken capillaries.
en.wikipedia.org > wiki > Hematoma
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| NippleRetraction | Nipple retraction | Retracted nipples lie flat against the areola.
The condition can be the result of inflammation or
scarring of the tissue behind
the nipple, and caused by numerous conditions, not
just cancer.
In the case of breast cancer, nipple retraction occurs
when the tumor attacks the
duct behind the nipple, pulling it in.
Valid for the following modalities: MG MRI. |
| NOChestWallInvasion | NO Chest wall invasion | The mass has not attached itself to the chest wall.
Valid for the following modalities: MRI. |
| PectoralisMuscleInvasion | Pectoralis muscle invasion | Pectoralis muscle invasion is when a tumor has become
large enough to invade into
the pectoralis muscle.
Valid for the following modalities: US MRI. |
| PectoralisMuscleInvolvement | Pectoralis muscle involvement | Pectoralis muscle involvement of the tumor has been
detected on the MRI by muscle
enhancement with obliteration of the fat plane between
the tumor and the muscle.
pubs.rsna.org > doi > pdf
Valid for the following modalities: MRI. |
| PectoralisMuscleTenting | Pectoralis muscle tenting | The tent sign is a term referring to a characteristic
appearance of the posterior
edge of the breast parenchyma when a mass (usually
an infiltrating lesion) causes
its retraction and forms an inverted "V" that resembles
the tip of a circus tent.
[https://radiopaedia.org/articles/tent-sign-breast?lang=us]
Valid for the following modalities: US MRI. |
| PostSurgicalScar | Post surgical scar | Post surgical scarring happens because of the incisions
needed to surgically remove
tumor, cells, etc.
The amount of scarring is connected to the different
stages of wound healing.
Surgical scar care should be continued for a year.
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| Seroma | Seroma | A breast seroma is a collection (pocket) of serous
fluid that can develop after trauma
to the breast or following procedures such as breast
surgery or radiation therapy.
Serous fluid is a pale yellow, transparent fluid
that contains protein, but no blood
cells or pus.
[https://www.verywellhealth.com/seroma-medical-definition-430372]
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| SkinInvolvement | Skin involvement | The mass or lesion has attached itself to the skin
of the breast.
There are several layers of skin that the mass or
lesion can penetrate and that is
what determines the level of skin invasion.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| SkinLesion | Skin lesion | A skin lesion is a part of the skin that has an abnormal
growth or appearance compared
to the skin around it.In order to diagnose a skin
lesion, a full physical exam is necessary.
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| SkinRetraction | Skin retraction | Skin retraction (or inversion) or Skin retraction.
Breast cancers that are located near the skin or
nipple may cause scarring within
the breast that pulls at the nipple or nearby skin.
Skin and nipple retraction are more obvious when
a woman raises her arms above her
head or leans forward.
[https://www.drholmesmd.com/blog/early-signs-of-breast-cancer]
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| SkinThickening | Skin thickening | The presence of skin thickening on mammography is
variably defined, usually being
more than 2 mm in thickness.
It can result from a number of both benign and malignant
causes.
[https://radiopaedia.org/articles/skin-thickening-on-mammography-differential?lang=us]
Valid for the following modalities: MG US MRI. |
| SurgicalClip | Surgical clip | Most surgical clips are currently made of titanium,
and as many as 30 to 40 clips
may be used during a single surgical procedure.
Surgical clips may remain inside the patient's body
after the wounds are healed.
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| TrabecularThickening | Trabecular thickening | Trabecular thickening-thickening of the Cooper's ligaments
and fibrous stroma-is
an imaging finding of breast edema, usually secondary
to dilated lymphatics.
Skin thickening and trabecular thickening often occur
together, and they have similar
differential diagnoses.
[https://oxfordmedicine.com/view/10.1093/med/9780190270261.001.0001/med-9780190270261-chapter-48]
Valid for the following modalities: MG. |
| CalcificationInMass | Calcification in mass | Calcifications usually can't be felt, but appear
on a mammogram.
Depending on how calcifications are clustered; shape,
size, and number, further tests may be necessary.
Larger "macrocalcifications" are usually not associated
with cancer.
Valid for the following modalities: US. |
| CalcificationNotOnMammogarm | Calcification Not on mammogarm | Calcifications usually can't be felt, but appear
on a mammogram.
Calcifications can be clustered and their shape,
size, and number.
Large "macrocalcifications" are usually not associated
with cancer.
Valid for the following modalities: US. |
| CalcificationOnMammogram | Calcification on mammogram | Calcifications are small deposits of calcium that
show up on mammograms as bright
white specks or dots on the soft tissue background
of the breasts.
The calcium readily absorbs the X-rays from mammograms
Valid for the following modalities: US. |
| Calcifications | Calcifications | Calcifications are small deposits of calcium that
show up on mammograms as bright
white specks or dots on the soft tissue background
of the breasts.
Valid for the following modalities: MG US. |
| MicroCalcifications | Micro calcifications | Micro-calcifications show up as fine, white specks
in a mammogram, similar to grains of salt; usually
noncancerous, but certain patterns can be an early
sign of cancer.
Valid for the following modalities: US. |
| MilkOfCalcium | Milk of calcium | The term milk of calcium (MOC) is given to dependent,
sedimented calcification within
a cystic structure or hollow organ.
This sort of colloidal calcium suspension layering
can occur in various regions.
[https://radiopaedia.org/articles/milk-of-calcium-disambiguation?lang=us]
Valid for the following modalities: US. |
| RimCalcifications | Rim calcifications | These are very thin benign calcifications that appear
as calcium is deposited on
the surface of a sphere.
Although fat necrosis can produce these thin deposits,
calcifications in the wall
of cysts are the most common 'rim' calcifications.
Valid for the following modalities: US. |
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