The Citation Resource enables reference to any knowledge artifact for purposes of identification and attribution. The Citation Resource supports existing reference structures and developing publication practices such as versioning, expressing complex contributorship roles, and referencing computable resources.

An absolute URI that is used to identify this citation when it is referenced in a specification, model, design or an instance; also called its canonical identifier. This SHOULD be globally unique and SHOULD be a literal address at which an authoritative instance of this summary is (or will be) published. This URL can be the target of a canonical reference. It SHALL remain the same when the summary is stored on different servers.

Allows the citation to be referenced by a single globally unique identifier.

Can be a urn:uuid: or a urn:oid: but real http: addresses are preferred. Multiple instances may share the same URL if they have a distinct version.

A formal identifier that is used to identify this citation when it is represented in other formats, or referenced in a specification, model, design or an instance.

Allows externally provided and/or usable identifiers to be associated with this citation.

May include DOI, PMID, PMCID, etc. This element will contain unique identifiers that support de-duplication of citations. This identifier can be valid for only one citation resource.

The identifier that is used to identify this version of the citation when it is referenced in a specification, model, design or instance. This is an arbitrary value managed by the citation author and is not expected to be globally unique. For example, it might be a timestamp (e.g. yyyymmdd) if a managed version is not available. There is also no expectation that versions can be placed in a lexicographical sequence.

There may be different citation instances that have the same identifier but different versions. The version can be appended to the url in a reference to allow a reference to a particular business version of the citation with the format [url]|[version]. The version SHOULD NOT contain a '#' - see Business Version.

A natural language name identifying the citation. This name should be usable as an identifier for the module by machine processing applications such as code generation.

Support human navigation and code generation.

The name is not expected to be globally unique. The name should be a simple alphanumeric type name to ensure that it is machine-processing friendly.

A short, descriptive, user-friendly title for the citation.

This name does not need to be machine-processing friendly and may contain punctuation, white-space, etc.

The status of this summary. Enables tracking the life-cycle of the content.

Allows filtering of citations that are appropriate for use versus not.

Allows filtering of summarys s that are appropriate for use versus not.

A Boolean value to indicate that this citation is authored for testing purposes (or education/evaluation/marketing) and is not intended to be used for genuine usage.

Enables experimental content to be developed following the same lifecycle that would be used for a production-level citation.

Allows filtering of citations that are appropriate for use versus not.

The date (and optionally time) when the citation was published. The date must change when the business version changes and it must change if the status code changes. In addition, it should change when the substantive content of the citation changes.

Note that this is not the same as the resource last-modified-date, since the resource may be a secondary representation of the citation. Additional specific dates may be added as extensions or be found by consulting Provenances associated with past versions of the resource.

The name of the organization or individual that published the citation.

Helps establish the "authority/credibility" of the citation. May also allow for contact.

Usually an organization but may be an individual. The publisher (or steward) of the citation is the organization or individual primarily responsible for the maintenance and upkeep of the citation. This is not necessarily the same individual or organization that developed and initially authored the content. The publisher is the primary point of contact for questions or issues with the citation. This item SHOULD be populated unless the information is available from context.

Contact details to assist a user in finding and communicating with the publisher.

May be a web site, an email address, a telephone number, etc.

A free text natural language description of the citation from a consumer's perspective.

This description can be used to capture details such as comments about misuse, instructions for clinical use and interpretation, literature references, examples from the paper world, etc. It is not a rendering of the citation as conveyed in the 'text' field of the resource itself. This item SHOULD be populated unless the information is available from context (e.g. the language of the citation is presumed to be the predominant language in the place the citation was created).

The content was developed with a focus and intent of supporting the contexts that are listed. These contexts may be general categories (gender, age, ...) or may be references to specific programs (insurance plans, studies, ...) and may be used to assist with indexing and searching for appropriate citation instances.

Assist in searching for appropriate content.

When multiple useContexts are specified, there is no expectation that all or any of the contexts apply.

A legal or geographic region in which the citation is intended to be used.

It may be possible for the citation to be used in jurisdictions other than those for which it was originally designed or intended.

Explanation of why this citation is needed and why it has been designed as it has.

This element does not describe the usage of the citation. Instead, it provides traceability of ''why'' the resource is either needed or ''why'' it is defined as it is. This may be used to point to source materials or specifications that drove the structure of this citation.

Use and/or publishing restrictions for the Citation, not for the cited artifact.

The date on which the resource content was approved by the publisher. Approval happens once when the content is officially approved for usage.

The 'date' element may be more recent than the approval date because of minor changes or editorial corrections.

The date on which the resource content was last reviewed. Review happens periodically after approval but does not change the original approval date.

Gives a sense of how "current" the content is. Resources that have not been reviewed in a long time may have a risk of being less appropriate/relevant.

If specified, this date follows the original approval date.

The period during which the citation content was or is planned to be in active use.

Allows establishing a transition before a resource comes into effect and also allows for a sunsetting process when new versions of the citation are or are expected to be used instead.

The effective period for a citation determines when the content is applicable for usage and is independent of publication and review dates. For example, a measure intended to be used for the year 2016 might be published in 2015.

Who authored the Citation.

Who edited the Citation.

Who reviewed the Citation.

Who endorsed the Citation.

A human-readable display of the citation.

Format for display of the citation.

The human-readable display of the citation.

The assignment to an organizing scheme.

The kind of classifier (e.g. publication type, keyword).

The specific classification value.

Used for general notes and annotations not coded elsewhere.

The status of the citation.

An effective date or period for a status of the citation.

Classification of the status.

Either occurred or expected.

When the status started and/or ended.

For an instance, place the same value in both start and end elements.

Artifact related to the Citation Resource.

The article or artifact being described.

A formal identifier that is used to identify this citation when it is represented in other formats, or referenced in a specification, model, design or an instance.

Allows externally provided and/or usable identifiers to be associated with this citation.

May include DOI, PMID, PMCID, etc. This element will contain unique identifiers that support de-duplication of citations. This identifier can be valid for only one citation resource.

A formal identifier that is used to identify things closely related to this citation.

Allows externally provided and/or usable identifiers to be associated with this citation.

May include trial registry identifiers, e.g. NCT04372602 from clinicaltrials.gov. This identifier can be valid for multiple citation resources.

When the cited artifact was accessed.

The defined version of the cited artifact.

The version number or other version identifier.

Citation for the main version of the cited artifact.

The status of the cited artifact.

An effective date or period for a status of the cited artifact.

Classification of the status.

Either occurred or expected.

When the status started and/or ended.

For an instance, place the same value in both start and end elements.

The title details of the article or artifact.

Used to express the reason or specific aspect for the title.

Used to express the specific language.

The title of the article or artifact.

Summary of the article or artifact.

Used to express the reason or specific aspect for the abstract.

Used to express the specific language.

Abstract content.

Copyright notice for the abstract.

The component of the article or artifact.

The kind of component.

The specification of the component.

The citation for the full article or artifact.

The artifact related to the cited artifact.

The type of relationship to the related artifact.

Provides additional classifiers of the related artifact.

A short label that can be used to reference the citation from elsewhere in the containing artifact, such as a footnote index.

A brief description of the document or knowledge resource being referenced, suitable for display to a consumer.

A bibliographic citation for the related artifact. This text SHOULD be formatted according to an accepted citation format.

Additional structured information about citations should be captured as extensions.

The document being referenced, represented as an attachment. This is exclusive with the resource element.

The related artifact, such as a library, value set, profile, or other knowledge resource.

If the type is predecessor, this is a reference to the succeeding knowledge resource. If the type is successor, this is a reference to the prior knowledge resource

The related artifact, if the artifact is not a canonical resource, or a resource reference to a canonical resource.

If both resource and resourceReference are present, they SHOULD be consistent and reference the same resource. Although relatedArtifact is intended to support references to definitional resources, there are cases where non-definitional resources can be definitional (such as Location where the kind is mode). Related artifacts SHOULD be used to reference definitional resources, and profiles SHOULD be used to make that explicit for particular use cases.

If multiple, used to represent alternative forms of the article that are not separate citations.

A common use is a journal article with a publication date and pagination for a print version and a different publication date for the online version of the same article.

The collection the cited article or artifact is published in.

Kind of container (e.g. Periodical, database, or book).

Journals and newspapers are coded as Periodical.

Journal identifiers include ISSN, ISO Abbreviation and NLMuniqueID; Book identifiers include ISBN.

Name of the database or title of the book or journal.

ClinicalTrials.gov is a name of a database.

Name of the publisher.

Geographic location of the publisher.

Describes the form of the medium cited. Common codes are "Internet" or "Print".

National Library of Medicine uses the codes "Internet" or "Print".

Volume number of journal in which the article is published.

Issue, part or supplement of journal in which the article is published.

Year on which the issue of the journal was published.

Month on which the issue of the journal was published.

Day on which the issue of the journal was published.

Spring, Summer, Fall/Autumn, Winter.

Text representation of the date of which the issue of the journal was published.

The date the article was added to the database, or the date the article was released (which may differ from the journal issue publication date).

The date the article was last revised or updated in the database.

Language in which this form of the article is published.

Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute).

Entry number or identifier for inclusion in a database.

Used for full display of pagination.

Used for isolated representation of first page.

Used for isolated representation of last page.

Actual or approximate number of pages or screens.

Copyright notice for the full article or artifact.

Used for any URL for the article or artifact cited.

Code the reason for different URLs, e.g. abstract and full-text.

The specific URL.

Persistent URLs, like doi, are preferred.

The assignment to an organizing scheme.

The kind of classifier (e.g. publication type, keyword).

The specific classification value.

Complex or externally created classification.

This element is used to list authors and other contributors, their contact information, specific contributions, and summary statements.

Need to support individualized and collective attribution of authorship and contributorship to people and groups.

Indicates if the list includes all authors and/or contributors.

If list is incomplete "et al" can be appended to Contributorship.summary.value for display purposes.

An individual entity named in the author list or contributor list.

Used to report contributorship in individualized ways.

The identity of the individual entity.

Initials for forename.

This element is used in Medline based citations, but not supported fully by FHIR HumanName datatype.

Organization affiliated with the entity.

This element identifies the specific nature of an individual’s contribution with respect to the cited work.

The CreDiT taxonomy provides a way to encode contribution information inside article XML files. The purpose of CRediT is to provide transparency in contributions to scholarly published work, to enable improved systems of attribution, credit, and accountability.

The role of the contributor (e.g. author, editor, reviewer).

Contributions with accounting for time or number.

The specific contribution.

The time that the contribution was made.

Indication of which contributor is the corresponding contributor for the role.

Provides a numerical ranking to represent the degree of contributorship relative to other contributors, such as 1 for first author and 2 for second author.

Used to record a display of the author/contributor list without separate coding for each list member.

Used most commonly to express an author list or a contributorship statement.

The format for the display string.

Used to code the producer or rule for creating the display string.

The display string for the author list, contributor list, or contributorship statement.

Any additional information or content for the article or artifact.