This page is part of the FHIR Specification (v1.4.0: STU 3 Ballot 3). The current version which supercedes this version is 5.0.0. For a full list of available versions, see the Directory of published versions

Published by: HL7 Orders and Observations Workgroup

Primary Author/Editor: Eric M Haas, Health eData Inc.

A.2.0 US Laboratory Order Implementation

The US Laboratory Order Implementation (USLabOrder) consists of the guidance documentation, profiles, operations, value sets and conformance statements it defines. This implementation has been prepared as a U.S. Realm Specification on behalf of the HL7 Orders and Observation Workgroup.

Laboratory Test Ordering in the US Realm ambulatory care setting (USLabOrder)- This use case is based upon existing regulatory requirements for Laboratories and Electronic Health Record Systems (EHR-S) for ordering clinical laboratory tests. The content has been modeled after the joint HL7 and The Standards and Interoperability (S&I) Framework Laboratory Orders Interface (LOI) Initiative and the HL7 Lab Order Conceptual Specification . However, much of the content is likely to be usable outside the ambulatory space and in other jurisdictions.

A.2.0.0.1 USLabOrder Documentation

• Purpose- How this project came to be and what it is trying to achieve
• Use case- Describes the Scope, Assumptions, Pre and Post Conditions and Use Cases for this guide
• Key Technical Decisions- List of key technical decisions in creating this guide
• Additional Guidance-Information on CLIA and Glossary of laboratory terms defined for this implementation

A.2.0.1 Specification

The USLabOrder is built on top of the HL7 FHIR standard. Basic aspects of the FHIR protocol, including RESTful operations, data types, search, etc. apply.

Profiles -The current focus of implementing USLabOrder is using a FHIR Bundle Resource to exchange a DiagnosticOrder Profile and the Resource Profiles it references. This FHIR bundle completely defines the laboratory order. The Resource Profiles that may be used in the bundle are outlined below: (This list is not meant to be exhaustive as additional resources may also to be used)

• US Lab DiagnosticOrder constrains and extends DiagnosticOrder which is used to define the laboratory order. This Resources references the following profiles:
  • USlabPatient constrains and extends Patient which is used the subject of the order. .
  • USlabPHPatient constrains and extends Patient which is used the subject of the order for use cases where additional patient information is needed, such as for tests that may be reportable to public health and when the orderer instructs the laboratory to send copy of the results to the patient.
  • USlabPractitioner constrains and extends Practitioner which is used to define the provider who ordered the lab test(s) or a non-ordering provider to whom the orderer instructs the laboratory to send the results.
  • USlabPHPractitioner constrains and extends Practitioner which is defined for use cases where additional provider information is needed, such as for tests that may be reportable to public health. This Resource references the following profile:
    • USLabOrderFacility constrains and extends Organization which is used to define a the orderer organization.
  • USLabObsCode | USLabObsQuantity | USLabObsOther | USLabObsRatio | USLabObsPanel constrains and extends Observation which are used to support the various result types for record supporting information or other clinically relevant observations such as previous lab results and ask at order questions (AOE). These Resources reference the following profile:
    • USLabPerformingLab constrains and extends Organization which is used to define a the organization that is responsible for the observation.
  • USlabReasonForStudy constrains and extends Condition which is used to record reasons for performing the requested test.
  • USlabCond constrains and extends Condition which is used to provide other clinically relevant information to the laboratorian or pathologist.
  • USlabSpec constrains and extends Specimen which is used to define what, when, and how the specimen was collected.
  • USLabCCTarget constrains and extends Organization which is used to define a third party organization to which the orderer instructs the laboratory to send the results.

In addition to defining the USLabOrder bundle this implementation consists of the following components:

• Operations - None
• Conformance statements - Definitions for the expected capabilities of each of the actors involved supporting USLabOrder functionality:
  • USLabOrder orderer conformance
  • USLabOrder receiver conformance
• Value Sets - USLab Value Sets
• Mappings - are translation of the concept codes for LOI to USLabOrder - Note this is a stub entry for future work.
• Examples - Example instances of USLabReport Resources: Note these have not yet been validated by profile specific schema and schematrons and are provided as informational only:
  • USLab DiagnosticOrder Example
  • USLab DiagnosticReport Example
  • USLab Patient Example
  • USLab PHPatient Example
  • USLab Practitioner Example
  • USLab PHPractitioner Example
  • USLab Practitioner Example
  • USLab Ordering Organization Example
  • USLab Copy to Organization Example
  • USLab Performing Lab Example
  • USLab Quantitative Observation Example
  • USLab Coded Observation Example
  • USLab Other (string) Observation Example
  • USLab Ratio Observation Example
  • USLab Quantitative Observation Profile Example: Blood Lead
  • USLab Panel Observation Profile Example: GC/CT Aptima 2 Combo panel
  • USLab Coded Observation Profile Example: C trachomatis PCR
  • USLab Range Observation Profile Example: WBCs in Urine
  • USLab Condition Example
  • USLab Specimen Profile Canonical Example: Blood
  • USLab Specimen Profile Example: Urine- first catch