This page is part of the FHIR Specification (v1.4.0: STU 3 Ballot 3). The current version which supercedes this version is 5.0.0. For a full list of available versions, see the Directory of published versions . Page versions: R5 R4B R4 R3 R2
Patient Care Work Group | Maturity Level: 1 | Compartments: Encounter, Patient, Practitioner, RelatedPerson |
An action that is or was performed on a patient. This can be a physical intervention like an operation, or less invasive like counseling or hypnotherapy.
This resource is used to record the details of procedures performed on a patient. A procedure is an activity that is performed with or on a patient as part of the provision of care. Examples include surgical procedures, diagnostic procedures, endoscopic procedures, biopsies, counseling, physiotherapy, exercise, etc. Procedures may be performed by a healthcare professional, a friend or relative or in some cases by the patient themselves.
This resource provides summary information about the occurrence of the procedure and is not intended to provide real-time snapshots of a procedure as it unfolds, though for long-running procedures such as psychotherapy, it could represent summary level information about overall progress. The creation of a resource to support detailed real-time procedure information awaits the identification of a specific implementation use-case to share such information.
The Procedure resource should not be used to capture an event if a more specific resource already exists - i.e. immunizations, drug administrations and communications. The boundary between determining whether an action is considered to be training or counseling (and thus a procedure) as opposed to a Communication is based on whether there's a specific intent to change the mind-set of the patient. Mere disclosure of information would be considered a Communication. A process that involves verification of the patient's comprehension or to change the patient's mental state would be a Procedure.
Note that many diagnostic processes are procedures that generate Observations and DiagnosticReports. In many cases, such an observation does not require an explicit representation of the procedure used to create the observation, but where there are details of interest about how the diagnostic procedure was performed, the procedure resource is used to describe the activity.
Some diagnostic procedures may not have a Procedure record. The Procedure record is only necessary when there is a need to capture information about the physical intervention that was performed to capture the diagnostic information (e.g. anesthetic, incision, scope size, etc.)
This resource is referenced by Claim, ClinicalImpression, Encounter, ExplanationOfBenefit and ImagingStudy
Structure
Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints |
---|---|---|---|---|
Procedure | I | DomainResource | An action that is being or was performed on a patient Reason not performed is only permitted if notPerformed indicator is true | |
identifier | Σ | 0..* | Identifier | External Identifiers for this procedure |
subject | Σ | 1..1 | Reference(Patient | Group) | Who the procedure was performed on |
status | ?! Σ | 1..1 | code | in-progress | aborted | completed | entered-in-error ProcedureStatus (Required) |
category | Σ | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Classification of the procedure Procedure Category Codes (SNOMED CT) (Example) |
code | Σ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Identification of the procedure Procedure Codes (SNOMED CT) (Example) |
notPerformed | ?! | 0..1 | boolean | True if procedure was not performed as scheduled |
reasonNotPerformed | I | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Reason procedure was not performed Procedure Not Performed Reason (SNOMED-CT) (Example) |
bodySite | Σ | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Target body sites SNOMED CT Body Structures (Example) |
reason[x] | Σ | 0..1 | Reason procedure performed Procedure Reason Codes (Example) | |
reasonCodeableConcept | CodeableConcept | |||
reasonReference | Reference(Condition) | |||
performer | Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | The people who performed the procedure |
actor | Σ | 0..1 | Reference(Practitioner | Organization | Patient | RelatedPerson) | The reference to the practitioner |
role | Σ | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | The role the actor was in Procedure Performer Role Codes (Example) |
performed[x] | Σ | 0..1 | Date/Period the procedure was performed | |
performedDateTime | dateTime | |||
performedPeriod | Period | |||
encounter | Σ | 0..1 | Reference(Encounter) | The encounter associated with the procedure |
location | Σ | 0..1 | Reference(Location) | Where the procedure happened |
outcome | Σ | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | The result of procedure Procedure Outcome Codes (SNOMED CT) (Example) |
report | 0..* | Reference(DiagnosticReport) | Any report resulting from the procedure | |
complication | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Complication following the procedure Condition/Problem/Diagnosis Codes (Example) | |
followUp | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Instructions for follow up Procedure Follow up Codes (SNOMED CT) (Example) | |
request | 0..1 | Reference(CarePlan | DiagnosticOrder | ProcedureRequest | ReferralRequest) | A request for this procedure | |
notes | 0..* | Annotation | Additional information about the procedure | |
focalDevice | 0..* | BackboneElement | Device changed in procedure | |
action | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Kind of change to device Procedure Device Action Codes (Required) | |
manipulated | 1..1 | Reference(Device) | Device that was changed | |
used | 0..* | Reference(Device | Medication | Substance) | Items used during procedure | |
Documentation for this format |
UML Diagram
XML Template
<Procedure xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <!-- from Resource: id, meta, implicitRules, and language --> <!-- from DomainResource: text, contained, extension, and modifierExtension --> <identifier><!-- 0..* Identifier External Identifiers for this procedure --></identifier> <subject><!-- 1..1 Reference(Patient|Group) Who the procedure was performed on --></subject> <status value="[code]"/><!-- 1..1 in-progress | aborted | completed | entered-in-error --> <category><!-- 0..1 CodeableConcept Classification of the procedure --></category> <code><!-- 1..1 CodeableConcept Identification of the procedure --></code> <notPerformed value="[boolean]"/><!-- 0..1 True if procedure was not performed as scheduled --> <reasonNotPerformed><!-- 0..* CodeableConcept Reason procedure was not performed --></reasonNotPerformed> <bodySite><!-- 0..* CodeableConcept Target body sites --></bodySite> <reason[x]><!-- 0..1 CodeableConcept|Reference(Condition) Reason procedure performed --></reason[x]> <performer> <!-- 0..* The people who performed the procedure --> <actor><!-- 0..1 Reference(Practitioner|Organization|Patient|RelatedPerson) The reference to the practitioner --></actor> <role><!-- 0..1 CodeableConcept The role the actor was in --></role> </performer> <performed[x]><!-- 0..1 dateTime|Period Date/Period the procedure was performed --></performed[x]> <encounter><!-- 0..1 Reference(Encounter) The encounter associated with the procedure --></encounter> <location><!-- 0..1 Reference(Location) Where the procedure happened --></location> <outcome><!-- 0..1 CodeableConcept The result of procedure --></outcome> <report><!-- 0..* Reference(DiagnosticReport) Any report resulting from the procedure --></report> <complication><!-- 0..* CodeableConcept Complication following the procedure --></complication> <followUp><!-- 0..* CodeableConcept Instructions for follow up --></followUp> <request><!-- 0..1 Reference(CarePlan|DiagnosticOrder|ProcedureRequest| ReferralRequest) A request for this procedure --></request> <notes><!-- 0..* Annotation Additional information about the procedure --></notes> <focalDevice> <!-- 0..* Device changed in procedure --> <action><!-- 0..1 CodeableConcept Kind of change to device --></action> <manipulated><!-- 1..1 Reference(Device) Device that was changed --></manipulated> </focalDevice> <used><!-- 0..* Reference(Device|Medication|Substance) Items used during procedure --></used> </Procedure>
JSON Template
{ "resourceType" : "Procedure", // from Resource: id, meta, implicitRules, and language // from DomainResource: text, contained, extension, and modifierExtension "identifier" : [{ Identifier }], // External Identifiers for this procedure "subject" : { Reference(Patient|Group) }, // R! Who the procedure was performed on "status" : "<code>", // R! in-progress | aborted | completed | entered-in-error "category" : { CodeableConcept }, // Classification of the procedure "code" : { CodeableConcept }, // R! Identification of the procedure "notPerformed" : <boolean>, // True if procedure was not performed as scheduled "reasonNotPerformed" : [{ CodeableConcept }], // C? Reason procedure was not performed "bodySite" : [{ CodeableConcept }], // Target body sites // reason[x]: Reason procedure performed. One of these 2: "reasonCodeableConcept" : { CodeableConcept }, "reasonReference" : { Reference(Condition) }, "performer" : [{ // The people who performed the procedure "actor" : { Reference(Practitioner|Organization|Patient|RelatedPerson) }, // The reference to the practitioner "role" : { CodeableConcept } // The role the actor was in }], // performed[x]: Date/Period the procedure was performed. One of these 2: "performedDateTime" : "<dateTime>", "performedPeriod" : { Period }, "encounter" : { Reference(Encounter) }, // The encounter associated with the procedure "location" : { Reference(Location) }, // Where the procedure happened "outcome" : { CodeableConcept }, // The result of procedure "report" : [{ Reference(DiagnosticReport) }], // Any report resulting from the procedure "complication" : [{ CodeableConcept }], // Complication following the procedure "followUp" : [{ CodeableConcept }], // Instructions for follow up "request" : { Reference(CarePlan|DiagnosticOrder|ProcedureRequest| ReferralRequest) }, // A request for this procedure "notes" : [{ Annotation }], // Additional information about the procedure "focalDevice" : [{ // Device changed in procedure "action" : { CodeableConcept }, // Kind of change to device "manipulated" : { Reference(Device) } // R! Device that was changed }], "used" : [{ Reference(Device|Medication|Substance) }] // Items used during procedure }
Structure
Name | Flags | Card. | Type | Description & Constraints |
---|---|---|---|---|
Procedure | I | DomainResource | An action that is being or was performed on a patient Reason not performed is only permitted if notPerformed indicator is true | |
identifier | Σ | 0..* | Identifier | External Identifiers for this procedure |
subject | Σ | 1..1 | Reference(Patient | Group) | Who the procedure was performed on |
status | ?! Σ | 1..1 | code | in-progress | aborted | completed | entered-in-error ProcedureStatus (Required) |
category | Σ | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Classification of the procedure Procedure Category Codes (SNOMED CT) (Example) |
code | Σ | 1..1 | CodeableConcept | Identification of the procedure Procedure Codes (SNOMED CT) (Example) |
notPerformed | ?! | 0..1 | boolean | True if procedure was not performed as scheduled |
reasonNotPerformed | I | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Reason procedure was not performed Procedure Not Performed Reason (SNOMED-CT) (Example) |
bodySite | Σ | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Target body sites SNOMED CT Body Structures (Example) |
reason[x] | Σ | 0..1 | Reason procedure performed Procedure Reason Codes (Example) | |
reasonCodeableConcept | CodeableConcept | |||
reasonReference | Reference(Condition) | |||
performer | Σ | 0..* | BackboneElement | The people who performed the procedure |
actor | Σ | 0..1 | Reference(Practitioner | Organization | Patient | RelatedPerson) | The reference to the practitioner |
role | Σ | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | The role the actor was in Procedure Performer Role Codes (Example) |
performed[x] | Σ | 0..1 | Date/Period the procedure was performed | |
performedDateTime | dateTime | |||
performedPeriod | Period | |||
encounter | Σ | 0..1 | Reference(Encounter) | The encounter associated with the procedure |
location | Σ | 0..1 | Reference(Location) | Where the procedure happened |
outcome | Σ | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | The result of procedure Procedure Outcome Codes (SNOMED CT) (Example) |
report | 0..* | Reference(DiagnosticReport) | Any report resulting from the procedure | |
complication | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Complication following the procedure Condition/Problem/Diagnosis Codes (Example) | |
followUp | 0..* | CodeableConcept | Instructions for follow up Procedure Follow up Codes (SNOMED CT) (Example) | |
request | 0..1 | Reference(CarePlan | DiagnosticOrder | ProcedureRequest | ReferralRequest) | A request for this procedure | |
notes | 0..* | Annotation | Additional information about the procedure | |
focalDevice | 0..* | BackboneElement | Device changed in procedure | |
action | 0..1 | CodeableConcept | Kind of change to device Procedure Device Action Codes (Required) | |
manipulated | 1..1 | Reference(Device) | Device that was changed | |
used | 0..* | Reference(Device | Medication | Substance) | Items used during procedure | |
Documentation for this format |
XML Template
<Procedure xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir"> <!-- from Resource: id, meta, implicitRules, and language --> <!-- from DomainResource: text, contained, extension, and modifierExtension --> <identifier><!-- 0..* Identifier External Identifiers for this procedure --></identifier> <subject><!-- 1..1 Reference(Patient|Group) Who the procedure was performed on --></subject> <status value="[code]"/><!-- 1..1 in-progress | aborted | completed | entered-in-error --> <category><!-- 0..1 CodeableConcept Classification of the procedure --></category> <code><!-- 1..1 CodeableConcept Identification of the procedure --></code> <notPerformed value="[boolean]"/><!-- 0..1 True if procedure was not performed as scheduled --> <reasonNotPerformed><!-- 0..* CodeableConcept Reason procedure was not performed --></reasonNotPerformed> <bodySite><!-- 0..* CodeableConcept Target body sites --></bodySite> <reason[x]><!-- 0..1 CodeableConcept|Reference(Condition) Reason procedure performed --></reason[x]> <performer> <!-- 0..* The people who performed the procedure --> <actor><!-- 0..1 Reference(Practitioner|Organization|Patient|RelatedPerson) The reference to the practitioner --></actor> <role><!-- 0..1 CodeableConcept The role the actor was in --></role> </performer> <performed[x]><!-- 0..1 dateTime|Period Date/Period the procedure was performed --></performed[x]> <encounter><!-- 0..1 Reference(Encounter) The encounter associated with the procedure --></encounter> <location><!-- 0..1 Reference(Location) Where the procedure happened --></location> <outcome><!-- 0..1 CodeableConcept The result of procedure --></outcome> <report><!-- 0..* Reference(DiagnosticReport) Any report resulting from the procedure --></report> <complication><!-- 0..* CodeableConcept Complication following the procedure --></complication> <followUp><!-- 0..* CodeableConcept Instructions for follow up --></followUp> <request><!-- 0..1 Reference(CarePlan|DiagnosticOrder|ProcedureRequest| ReferralRequest) A request for this procedure --></request> <notes><!-- 0..* Annotation Additional information about the procedure --></notes> <focalDevice> <!-- 0..* Device changed in procedure --> <action><!-- 0..1 CodeableConcept Kind of change to device --></action> <manipulated><!-- 1..1 Reference(Device) Device that was changed --></manipulated> </focalDevice> <used><!-- 0..* Reference(Device|Medication|Substance) Items used during procedure --></used> </Procedure>
JSON Template
{ "resourceType" : "Procedure", // from Resource: id, meta, implicitRules, and language // from DomainResource: text, contained, extension, and modifierExtension "identifier" : [{ Identifier }], // External Identifiers for this procedure "subject" : { Reference(Patient|Group) }, // R! Who the procedure was performed on "status" : "<code>", // R! in-progress | aborted | completed | entered-in-error "category" : { CodeableConcept }, // Classification of the procedure "code" : { CodeableConcept }, // R! Identification of the procedure "notPerformed" : <boolean>, // True if procedure was not performed as scheduled "reasonNotPerformed" : [{ CodeableConcept }], // C? Reason procedure was not performed "bodySite" : [{ CodeableConcept }], // Target body sites // reason[x]: Reason procedure performed. One of these 2: "reasonCodeableConcept" : { CodeableConcept }, "reasonReference" : { Reference(Condition) }, "performer" : [{ // The people who performed the procedure "actor" : { Reference(Practitioner|Organization|Patient|RelatedPerson) }, // The reference to the practitioner "role" : { CodeableConcept } // The role the actor was in }], // performed[x]: Date/Period the procedure was performed. One of these 2: "performedDateTime" : "<dateTime>", "performedPeriod" : { Period }, "encounter" : { Reference(Encounter) }, // The encounter associated with the procedure "location" : { Reference(Location) }, // Where the procedure happened "outcome" : { CodeableConcept }, // The result of procedure "report" : [{ Reference(DiagnosticReport) }], // Any report resulting from the procedure "complication" : [{ CodeableConcept }], // Complication following the procedure "followUp" : [{ CodeableConcept }], // Instructions for follow up "request" : { Reference(CarePlan|DiagnosticOrder|ProcedureRequest| ReferralRequest) }, // A request for this procedure "notes" : [{ Annotation }], // Additional information about the procedure "focalDevice" : [{ // Device changed in procedure "action" : { CodeableConcept }, // Kind of change to device "manipulated" : { Reference(Device) } // R! Device that was changed }], "used" : [{ Reference(Device|Medication|Substance) }] // Items used during procedure }
Alternate definitions: Schema/Schematron, Resource Profile (XML, JSON), Questionnaire
Path | Definition | Type | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Procedure.status | A code specifying the state of the procedure. | Required | ProcedureStatus |
Procedure.category | A code that classifies a procedure for searching, sorting and display purposes. | Example | Procedure Category Codes (SNOMED CT) |
Procedure.code | A code to identify a specific procedure . | Example | Procedure Codes (SNOMED CT) |
Procedure.reasonNotPerformed | A code that identifies the reason a procedure was not performed. | Example | Procedure Not Performed Reason (SNOMED-CT) |
Procedure.bodySite | Codes describing anatomical locations. May include laterality. | Example | SNOMED CT Body Structures |
Procedure.reason[x] | A code that identifies the reason a procedure is required. | Example | Procedure Reason Codes |
Procedure.performer.role | A code that identifies the role of a performer of the procedure. | Example | Procedure Performer Role Codes |
Procedure.outcome | An outcome of a procedure - whether it was resolved or otherwise. | Example | Procedure Outcome Codes (SNOMED CT) |
Procedure.complication | Codes describing complications that resulted from a procedure. | Example | Condition/Problem/Diagnosis Codes |
Procedure.followUp | Specific follow up required for a procedure e.g. removal of sutures. | Example | Procedure Follow up Codes (SNOMED CT) |
Procedure.focalDevice.action | A kind of change that happened to the device during the procedure. | Required | Procedure Device Action Codes |
Many of the elements of Procedure have inherent relationships and may actually all be conveyed by the Procedure.code or in the text element of the Procedure.code property. I.e. You may be able to infer category, bodySite and even indication. Whether these other properties will be populated may vary by implementation.
Care should be taken to avoid nonsensical combinations/statements; e.g. "name=amputation, bodySite=heart"
For devices, these are devices that are incidental to / or used to perform the procedure - scalpels, gauze, endoscopes, etc. Devices that are the focus of the procedure should appear in Procedure.device instead.
Search parameters for this resource. The common parameters also apply. See Searching for more information about searching in REST, messaging, and services.
Name | Type | Description | Paths |
code | token | A code to identify a procedure | Procedure.code |
date | date | Date/Period the procedure was performed | Procedure.performed[x] |
encounter | reference | The encounter associated with the procedure | Procedure.encounter (Encounter) |
identifier | token | A unique identifier for a procedure | Procedure.identifier |
location | reference | Where the procedure happened | Procedure.location (Location) |
patient | reference | Search by subject - a patient | Procedure.subject (Patient) |
performer | reference | The reference to the practitioner | Procedure.performer.actor (Patient, Organization, Practitioner, RelatedPerson) |
subject | reference | Search by subject | Procedure.subject (Patient, Group) |