Consolidated CDA Release 2.1 StructureDefinition Prototype Publication
2.1.0-draft1 - CI Build United States of America

This page is part of the CCDA: Consolidated CDA Release (v2.1.0-draft1: CCDA 2.1 Draft) generated with FHIR v5.0.0. . For a full list of available versions, see the Directory of published versions

Resource Profile: Code Observations

Official URL: http://hl7.org/cda/us/ccda/StructureDefinition/2.16.840.1.113883.10.20.6.2.13 Version: 2.1.0-draft1
Active as of 2023-01-16 Computable Name: CodeObservations
Other Identifiers: id: urn:oid:2.16.840.1.113883.10.20.6.2.13

DICOM Template 2000 specifies that Imaging Report Elements of Value Type Code are contained in sections. The Imaging Report Elements are inferred from Basic Diagnostic Imaging Report Observations that consist of image references and measurements (linear, area, volume, and numeric). Coded DICOM Imaging Report Elements in this context are mapped to CDA-coded observations that are section components and are related to the SOP Instance Observations (templateId 2.16.840.1.113883.10.20.6.2.8) or Quantity Measurement Observations (templateId 2.16.840.1.113883.10.20.6.2.14) by the SPRT (Support) act relationship.

Usage:

Formal Views of Profile Content

Description of Profiles, Differentials, Snapshots and how the different presentations work.

This structure is derived from CDAR2.Observation

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraintsdoco
.. Observation C1..1CDAR2.ObservationBase for all types and resources
81-9310: Code Observations SHALL be rendered into section/text in separate paragraphs (CONF:81-9310).
... classCode 1..1codeRequired Pattern: OBS
... moodCode 1..1codeRequired Pattern: EVN
... Slices for templateId 0..*IISlice: Unordered, Open by value:root
.... templateId:primary 1..1II
..... root 1..1stringRequired Pattern: 2.16.840.1.113883.10.20.6.2.13
... effectiveTime 0..1IVL_TS
... value 1..1BL, ED, ED, CD, CV, CE, SC, II, TEL, AD, EN, INT, REAL, PQ, MO, TS, IVL_PQ, IVL_TS, PIVL_TS, EIVL_TS, SXPR_TS, RTO_PQ_PQ
... Slices for entryRelationship 0..*ElementSlice: Unordered, Open by profile:observation
.... entryRelationship:SOPInstanceObservation 0..*Element
..... typeCode 1..1codeRequired Pattern: SPRT
..... observation 1..1SOPInstanceObservationBase for all types and resources
.... entryRelationship:quantityMeasurementObservation 0..*Element
..... typeCode 1..1codeRequired Pattern: SPRT
..... observation 1..1QuantityMeasurementObservationBase for all types and resources

doco Documentation for this format

Constraints

IdGradePath(s)DetailsRequirements
81-9310warningObservationCode Observations SHALL be rendered into section/text in separate paragraphs (CONF:81-9310).
:
NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraintsdoco
.. Observation C1..1CDAR2.ObservationBase for all types and resources
81-9310: Code Observations SHALL be rendered into section/text in separate paragraphs (CONF:81-9310).
... classCode 1..1codeBinding: ActClassObservation (required)
Required Pattern: OBS
... moodCode 1..1codeRequired Pattern: EVN
... Slices for templateId 0..*IISlice: Unordered, Open by value:root
.... templateId:primary 1..1II
..... root 1..1stringRequired Pattern: 2.16.840.1.113883.10.20.6.2.13
... effectiveTime 0..1IVL_TS
... value 1..1
.... valueBL
.... valueED
.... valueED
.... valueCD
.... valueCV
.... valueCE
.... valueSC
.... valueII
.... valueTEL
.... valueAD
.... valueEN
.... valueINT
.... valueREAL
.... valuePQ
.... valueMO
.... valueTS
.... valueIVL_PQ
.... valueIVL_TS
.... valuePIVL_TS
.... valueEIVL_TS
.... valueSXPR_TS
.... valueRTO_PQ_PQ
... Slices for entryRelationship C0..*ElementSlice: Unordered, Open by profile:observation
.... entryRelationship:All Slices Content/Rules for all slices
..... typeCode 1..1code
..... contextConductionInd 1..1boolean
.... entryRelationship:SOPInstanceObservation C0..*Element
..... typeCode 1..1codeRequired Pattern: SPRT
..... contextConductionInd 1..1boolean
..... observation 1..1SOPInstanceObservationBase for all types and resources
.... entryRelationship:quantityMeasurementObservation C0..*Element
..... typeCode 1..1codeRequired Pattern: SPRT
..... contextConductionInd 1..1boolean
..... observation 1..1QuantityMeasurementObservationBase for all types and resources

doco Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

PathConformanceValueSet / Code
Observation.classCoderequiredPattern: OBS
Observation.codeextensibleObservationType

Constraints

IdGradePath(s)DetailsRequirements
81-9310warningObservationCode Observations SHALL be rendered into section/text in separate paragraphs (CONF:81-9310).
:
ele-1error**ALL** elementsAll FHIR elements must have a @value or children
: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
obs-er-1errorObservation.entryRelationship, Observation.entryRelationship:SOPInstanceObservation, Observation.entryRelationship:quantityMeasurementObservationOnly one of observation, regionOfInterest, observationMedia, substanceAdministration, supply, procedure, encounter, organizer, and act
: (observation | regionOfInterest | observationMedia | substanceAdministration | supply | procedure | encounter | organizer | act).count() = 1
NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraintsdoco
.. Observation C1..1CDAR2.ObservationBase for all types and resources
81-9310: Code Observations SHALL be rendered into section/text in separate paragraphs (CONF:81-9310).
... classCode 1..1codeBinding: ActClassObservation (required)
Required Pattern: OBS
... moodCode 1..1codeRequired Pattern: EVN
... negationInd 0..1boolean
... realmCode 0..*CS
... typeId 0..1II
... Slices for templateId 0..*IISlice: Unordered, Open by value:root
.... templateId:primary 1..1II
..... nullFlavor 0..1codeBinding: NullFlavor (required)
..... assigningAuthorityName 0..1string
..... displayable 0..1boolean
..... root 1..1stringRequired Pattern: 2.16.840.1.113883.10.20.6.2.13
..... extension 0..1string
... id 0..*II
... code 1..1CDBinding: ObservationType (extensible)
... derivationExpr 0..1ED
... text 0..1ED
... statusCode 0..1CSBinding: ActStatus (required)
... effectiveTime 0..1IVL_TS
... priorityCode 0..1CEBinding: ActPriority (extensible)
... repeatNumber 0..1IVL_INT
... languageCode 0..1CSBinding: HumanLanguage (required)
... value 1..1
.... valueBL
.... valueED
.... valueED
.... valueCD
.... valueCV
.... valueCE
.... valueSC
.... valueII
.... valueTEL
.... valueAD
.... valueEN
.... valueINT
.... valueREAL
.... valuePQ
.... valueMO
.... valueTS
.... valueIVL_PQ
.... valueIVL_TS
.... valuePIVL_TS
.... valueEIVL_TS
.... valueSXPR_TS
.... valueRTO_PQ_PQ
... interpretationCode 0..*CEBinding: ObservationInterpretation (required)
... methodCode 0..*CEBinding: ObservationMethod (extensible)
... targetSiteCode 0..*CD
... subject 0..1Element
.... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
.... typeCode 1..1codeBinding: ParticipationTargetSubject (required)
Fixed Value: SBJ
.... contextControlCode 1..1codeBinding: ContextControl (required)
Fixed Value: OP
.... awarenessCode 0..1CEBinding: TargetAwareness (extensible)
.... relatedSubject 1..1RelatedSubject
... specimen 0..*Specimen
... performer 0..*Performer2
... author 0..*Author
... informant 0..*Element
.... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
.... typeCode 1..1codeBinding: ParticipationInformationGenerator (required)
Fixed Value: INF
.... contextControlCode 1..1codeBinding: ContextControl (required)
Fixed Value: OP
.... assignedEntity 0..1AssignedEntity
.... relatedEntity 0..1RelatedEntity
... participant 0..*Participant2
... Slices for entryRelationship C0..*ElementSlice: Unordered, Open by profile:observation
.... entryRelationship:All Slices Content/Rules for all slices
..... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... typeCode 1..1code
..... inversionInd 0..1boolean
..... contextConductionInd 1..1boolean
..... sequenceNumber 0..1INT
..... negationInd 0..1boolean
..... seperatableInd 0..1BL
..... (Choice of one) 1..1
...... observation 0..1Observation
...... regionOfInterest 0..1RegionOfInterest
...... observationMedia 0..1ObservationMedia
...... substanceAdministration 0..1SubstanceAdministration
...... supply 0..1Supply
...... procedure 0..1Procedure
...... encounter 0..1Encounter
...... organizer 0..1Organizer
...... act 0..1Act
.... entryRelationship:SOPInstanceObservation C0..*Element
..... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... typeCode 1..1codeRequired Pattern: SPRT
..... inversionInd 0..1boolean
..... contextConductionInd 1..1boolean
..... sequenceNumber 0..1INT
..... negationInd 0..1boolean
..... seperatableInd 0..1BL
..... observation 1..1SOPInstanceObservationBase for all types and resources
.... entryRelationship:quantityMeasurementObservation C0..*Element
..... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... typeCode 1..1codeRequired Pattern: SPRT
..... inversionInd 0..1boolean
..... contextConductionInd 1..1boolean
..... sequenceNumber 0..1INT
..... negationInd 0..1boolean
..... seperatableInd 0..1BL
..... observation 1..1QuantityMeasurementObservationBase for all types and resources
... reference 0..*Element
.... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
.... typeCode 1..1code
.... seperatableInd 0..1BL
.... externalAct 0..1ExternalAct
.... externalObservation 0..1ExternalObservation
.... externalProcedure 0..1ExternalProcedure
.... externalDocument 0..1ExternalDocument
... precondition 0..*Precondition
... referenceRange 0..*Element
.... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
.... typeCode 1..1codeBinding: ActRelationshipPertains (required)
Fixed Value: REFV
.... observationRange 1..1ObservationRange

doco Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

PathConformanceValueSet / Code
Observation.classCoderequiredPattern: OBS
Observation.templateId:primary.nullFlavorrequiredNullFlavor
Observation.codeextensibleObservationType
Observation.statusCoderequiredActStatus
Observation.priorityCodeextensibleActPriority
Observation.languageCoderequiredHumanLanguage (a valid code from http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/ietf3066)
Observation.interpretationCoderequiredObservationInterpretation
Observation.methodCodeextensibleObservationMethod
Observation.subject.typeCoderequiredFixed Value: SBJ
Observation.subject.contextControlCoderequiredFixed Value: OP
Observation.subject.awarenessCodeextensibleTargetAwareness
Observation.informant.typeCoderequiredFixed Value: INF
Observation.informant.contextControlCoderequiredFixed Value: OP
Observation.referenceRange.typeCoderequiredFixed Value: REFV

Constraints

IdGradePath(s)DetailsRequirements
ele-1error**ALL** elementsAll FHIR elements must have a @value or children
: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1error**ALL** extensionsMust have either extensions or value[x], not both
: extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-er-1errorObservation.entryRelationship, Observation.entryRelationship:SOPInstanceObservation, Observation.entryRelationship:quantityMeasurementObservationOnly one of observation, regionOfInterest, observationMedia, substanceAdministration, supply, procedure, encounter, organizer, and act
: (observation | regionOfInterest | observationMedia | substanceAdministration | supply | procedure | encounter | organizer | act).count() = 1

This structure is derived from CDAR2.Observation

Summary

Mandatory: 6 elements (4 nested mandatory elements)

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

Slices

This structure defines the following Slices:

  • The element Observation.templateId is sliced based on the value of value:root
  • The element Observation.entryRelationship is sliced based on the value of profile:observation

Differential View

This structure is derived from CDAR2.Observation

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraintsdoco
.. Observation C1..1CDAR2.ObservationBase for all types and resources
81-9310: Code Observations SHALL be rendered into section/text in separate paragraphs (CONF:81-9310).
... classCode 1..1codeRequired Pattern: OBS
... moodCode 1..1codeRequired Pattern: EVN
... Slices for templateId 0..*IISlice: Unordered, Open by value:root
.... templateId:primary 1..1II
..... root 1..1stringRequired Pattern: 2.16.840.1.113883.10.20.6.2.13
... effectiveTime 0..1IVL_TS
... value 1..1BL, ED, ED, CD, CV, CE, SC, II, TEL, AD, EN, INT, REAL, PQ, MO, TS, IVL_PQ, IVL_TS, PIVL_TS, EIVL_TS, SXPR_TS, RTO_PQ_PQ
... Slices for entryRelationship 0..*ElementSlice: Unordered, Open by profile:observation
.... entryRelationship:SOPInstanceObservation 0..*Element
..... typeCode 1..1codeRequired Pattern: SPRT
..... observation 1..1SOPInstanceObservationBase for all types and resources
.... entryRelationship:quantityMeasurementObservation 0..*Element
..... typeCode 1..1codeRequired Pattern: SPRT
..... observation 1..1QuantityMeasurementObservationBase for all types and resources

doco Documentation for this format

Constraints

IdGradePath(s)DetailsRequirements
81-9310warningObservationCode Observations SHALL be rendered into section/text in separate paragraphs (CONF:81-9310).
:

Key Elements View

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraintsdoco
.. Observation C1..1CDAR2.ObservationBase for all types and resources
81-9310: Code Observations SHALL be rendered into section/text in separate paragraphs (CONF:81-9310).
... classCode 1..1codeBinding: ActClassObservation (required)
Required Pattern: OBS
... moodCode 1..1codeRequired Pattern: EVN
... Slices for templateId 0..*IISlice: Unordered, Open by value:root
.... templateId:primary 1..1II
..... root 1..1stringRequired Pattern: 2.16.840.1.113883.10.20.6.2.13
... effectiveTime 0..1IVL_TS
... value 1..1
.... valueBL
.... valueED
.... valueED
.... valueCD
.... valueCV
.... valueCE
.... valueSC
.... valueII
.... valueTEL
.... valueAD
.... valueEN
.... valueINT
.... valueREAL
.... valuePQ
.... valueMO
.... valueTS
.... valueIVL_PQ
.... valueIVL_TS
.... valuePIVL_TS
.... valueEIVL_TS
.... valueSXPR_TS
.... valueRTO_PQ_PQ
... Slices for entryRelationship C0..*ElementSlice: Unordered, Open by profile:observation
.... entryRelationship:All Slices Content/Rules for all slices
..... typeCode 1..1code
..... contextConductionInd 1..1boolean
.... entryRelationship:SOPInstanceObservation C0..*Element
..... typeCode 1..1codeRequired Pattern: SPRT
..... contextConductionInd 1..1boolean
..... observation 1..1SOPInstanceObservationBase for all types and resources
.... entryRelationship:quantityMeasurementObservation C0..*Element
..... typeCode 1..1codeRequired Pattern: SPRT
..... contextConductionInd 1..1boolean
..... observation 1..1QuantityMeasurementObservationBase for all types and resources

doco Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

PathConformanceValueSet / Code
Observation.classCoderequiredPattern: OBS
Observation.codeextensibleObservationType

Constraints

IdGradePath(s)DetailsRequirements
81-9310warningObservationCode Observations SHALL be rendered into section/text in separate paragraphs (CONF:81-9310).
:
ele-1error**ALL** elementsAll FHIR elements must have a @value or children
: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
obs-er-1errorObservation.entryRelationship, Observation.entryRelationship:SOPInstanceObservation, Observation.entryRelationship:quantityMeasurementObservationOnly one of observation, regionOfInterest, observationMedia, substanceAdministration, supply, procedure, encounter, organizer, and act
: (observation | regionOfInterest | observationMedia | substanceAdministration | supply | procedure | encounter | organizer | act).count() = 1

Snapshot View

NameFlagsCard.TypeDescription & Constraintsdoco
.. Observation C1..1CDAR2.ObservationBase for all types and resources
81-9310: Code Observations SHALL be rendered into section/text in separate paragraphs (CONF:81-9310).
... classCode 1..1codeBinding: ActClassObservation (required)
Required Pattern: OBS
... moodCode 1..1codeRequired Pattern: EVN
... negationInd 0..1boolean
... realmCode 0..*CS
... typeId 0..1II
... Slices for templateId 0..*IISlice: Unordered, Open by value:root
.... templateId:primary 1..1II
..... nullFlavor 0..1codeBinding: NullFlavor (required)
..... assigningAuthorityName 0..1string
..... displayable 0..1boolean
..... root 1..1stringRequired Pattern: 2.16.840.1.113883.10.20.6.2.13
..... extension 0..1string
... id 0..*II
... code 1..1CDBinding: ObservationType (extensible)
... derivationExpr 0..1ED
... text 0..1ED
... statusCode 0..1CSBinding: ActStatus (required)
... effectiveTime 0..1IVL_TS
... priorityCode 0..1CEBinding: ActPriority (extensible)
... repeatNumber 0..1IVL_INT
... languageCode 0..1CSBinding: HumanLanguage (required)
... value 1..1
.... valueBL
.... valueED
.... valueED
.... valueCD
.... valueCV
.... valueCE
.... valueSC
.... valueII
.... valueTEL
.... valueAD
.... valueEN
.... valueINT
.... valueREAL
.... valuePQ
.... valueMO
.... valueTS
.... valueIVL_PQ
.... valueIVL_TS
.... valuePIVL_TS
.... valueEIVL_TS
.... valueSXPR_TS
.... valueRTO_PQ_PQ
... interpretationCode 0..*CEBinding: ObservationInterpretation (required)
... methodCode 0..*CEBinding: ObservationMethod (extensible)
... targetSiteCode 0..*CD
... subject 0..1Element
.... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
.... typeCode 1..1codeBinding: ParticipationTargetSubject (required)
Fixed Value: SBJ
.... contextControlCode 1..1codeBinding: ContextControl (required)
Fixed Value: OP
.... awarenessCode 0..1CEBinding: TargetAwareness (extensible)
.... relatedSubject 1..1RelatedSubject
... specimen 0..*Specimen
... performer 0..*Performer2
... author 0..*Author
... informant 0..*Element
.... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
.... typeCode 1..1codeBinding: ParticipationInformationGenerator (required)
Fixed Value: INF
.... contextControlCode 1..1codeBinding: ContextControl (required)
Fixed Value: OP
.... assignedEntity 0..1AssignedEntity
.... relatedEntity 0..1RelatedEntity
... participant 0..*Participant2
... Slices for entryRelationship C0..*ElementSlice: Unordered, Open by profile:observation
.... entryRelationship:All Slices Content/Rules for all slices
..... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... typeCode 1..1code
..... inversionInd 0..1boolean
..... contextConductionInd 1..1boolean
..... sequenceNumber 0..1INT
..... negationInd 0..1boolean
..... seperatableInd 0..1BL
..... (Choice of one) 1..1
...... observation 0..1Observation
...... regionOfInterest 0..1RegionOfInterest
...... observationMedia 0..1ObservationMedia
...... substanceAdministration 0..1SubstanceAdministration
...... supply 0..1Supply
...... procedure 0..1Procedure
...... encounter 0..1Encounter
...... organizer 0..1Organizer
...... act 0..1Act
.... entryRelationship:SOPInstanceObservation C0..*Element
..... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... typeCode 1..1codeRequired Pattern: SPRT
..... inversionInd 0..1boolean
..... contextConductionInd 1..1boolean
..... sequenceNumber 0..1INT
..... negationInd 0..1boolean
..... seperatableInd 0..1BL
..... observation 1..1SOPInstanceObservationBase for all types and resources
.... entryRelationship:quantityMeasurementObservation C0..*Element
..... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
..... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
..... typeCode 1..1codeRequired Pattern: SPRT
..... inversionInd 0..1boolean
..... contextConductionInd 1..1boolean
..... sequenceNumber 0..1INT
..... negationInd 0..1boolean
..... seperatableInd 0..1BL
..... observation 1..1QuantityMeasurementObservationBase for all types and resources
... reference 0..*Element
.... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
.... typeCode 1..1code
.... seperatableInd 0..1BL
.... externalAct 0..1ExternalAct
.... externalObservation 0..1ExternalObservation
.... externalProcedure 0..1ExternalProcedure
.... externalDocument 0..1ExternalDocument
... precondition 0..*Precondition
... referenceRange 0..*Element
.... id 0..1stringUnique id for inter-element referencing
.... extension 0..*ExtensionAdditional content defined by implementations
Slice: Unordered, Open by value:url
.... typeCode 1..1codeBinding: ActRelationshipPertains (required)
Fixed Value: REFV
.... observationRange 1..1ObservationRange

doco Documentation for this format

Terminology Bindings

PathConformanceValueSet / Code
Observation.classCoderequiredPattern: OBS
Observation.templateId:primary.nullFlavorrequiredNullFlavor
Observation.codeextensibleObservationType
Observation.statusCoderequiredActStatus
Observation.priorityCodeextensibleActPriority
Observation.languageCoderequiredHumanLanguage (a valid code from http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/ietf3066)
Observation.interpretationCoderequiredObservationInterpretation
Observation.methodCodeextensibleObservationMethod
Observation.subject.typeCoderequiredFixed Value: SBJ
Observation.subject.contextControlCoderequiredFixed Value: OP
Observation.subject.awarenessCodeextensibleTargetAwareness
Observation.informant.typeCoderequiredFixed Value: INF
Observation.informant.contextControlCoderequiredFixed Value: OP
Observation.referenceRange.typeCoderequiredFixed Value: REFV

Constraints

IdGradePath(s)DetailsRequirements
ele-1error**ALL** elementsAll FHIR elements must have a @value or children
: hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
ext-1error**ALL** extensionsMust have either extensions or value[x], not both
: extension.exists() != value.exists()
obs-er-1errorObservation.entryRelationship, Observation.entryRelationship:SOPInstanceObservation, Observation.entryRelationship:quantityMeasurementObservationOnly one of observation, regionOfInterest, observationMedia, substanceAdministration, supply, procedure, encounter, organizer, and act
: (observation | regionOfInterest | observationMedia | substanceAdministration | supply | procedure | encounter | organizer | act).count() = 1

This structure is derived from CDAR2.Observation

Summary

Mandatory: 6 elements (4 nested mandatory elements)

Structures

This structure refers to these other structures:

Slices

This structure defines the following Slices:

  • The element Observation.templateId is sliced based on the value of value:root
  • The element Observation.entryRelationship is sliced based on the value of profile:observation

 

​Other representations of profile: CSV, Excel, Schematron