2nd DSTU Draft For Comment

This page is part of the FHIR Specification (v0.4.0: DSTU 2 Draft). The current version which supercedes this version is 5.0.0. For a full list of available versions, see the Directory of published versions

1.16.0 Compartment Based Access

1.16.0.1 Compartments

Each resource may belong to one or more logical compartments. A compartment is a logical grouping of resources which share a common property. Compartments have two principal roles:

  • Function as an access mechanism for finding a set of related resources quickly
  • Provide a definitional basis for applying access control to resources quickly

Compartment definitions describe how particular compartment instances are named and identified, and how systems know which resources are in the compartment. The following compartments are defined by this specification:

NameTitleDescriptionIdentityMembership
patientPatientThe set of resources associated with a particular patientThere is an instance of the patient compartment for each patient resource, and the identity of the compartment is the same as the patient. When a patient is linked to another patient, all the records associated with the linked patient are in the compartment associated with the target of the link.The patient compartment includes any resources where the subject of the resource is the patient, and some other resources that are directly linked to resources in the patient compartment

As an example of compartment usage, to retrieve a list of a patient's conditions, use the URL: 

  GET [base]/Patient/[id]/Condition

The details of this usage are described under the search operation. As a search related operation, the assignment of resources to compartments is only based on the current version of any of the resources involved. Note that contained patient resources cannot create a patient compartment of their own.

Compartments may be used explicitly, like this, but can also be used implicitly. For instance, if a FHIR server is providing a patient view of a record, the authorized user associated with use of the FHIR RESTful API may be limited to accessing records from the compartment instance(s) logically associated with their identity. Irrespective of whether compartments are being used explicitly or implicitly, servers will need to make arrangements to make some resources with no direct link to a patient available to the client (medications, substances, etc.).

Note that resources may cross between compartments, or interlink them. Examples of this would be where a Diagnostic Report identifies a subject, but an Observation it references identifies a different subject, or where a List resource references items that identify different subjects. Such cross-linking may arise for many valid reasons, including:

  • Cases where subject records are inter-linked - Transplants, Perinatal care, family therapy etc.
  • Workflow management where action lists link multiple patients and/or practitioners

Given the wide variety of use cases and contexts in which FHIR is used, compartments do not define how cross-linking is handled. Systems may reject resources, remove them from both compartments, or place them in both, or act in some other fashion.