A set of information summarized from a list of other resources.

A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content.

Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element.

This element is labelled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies it's meaning or interpretation.

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource, and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Indicates the current state of this list.

This element is labeled as a modifier because the status contains codes that mark the resource as not currently valid.

The current state of the list

How this list was prepared - whether it is a working list that is suitable for being maintained on an ongoing basis, or if it represents a snapshot of a list of items from another source, or whether it is a prepared list where items may be marked as added, modified or deleted.

This element is labeled as a modifier because a change list must not be mis-understood as a complete list.

The processing mode that applies to this list

Lists are used in various ways, and it must be known in what way it is safe to use them.

R5: List.subject additional types from child elements (display, identifier, reference, type)

Element List.subject is mapped to FHIR STU3 element List.subject as SourceIsBroaderThanTarget. The mappings for List.subject do not cover the following types based on type expansion: display, identifier, reference, type. The standard extension alternate-reference has been mapped as the representation of FHIR R5 element List.subject with unmapped reference targets: Resource. Some purely arbitrary lists do not have a common subject, so this is optional. Lists having multiple subjects may raise challenges for systems that base access control or other security considerations on linkages to 'subject'. E.g. if a List is associated with multiple Patient subjects, then it would be nominally part of multiple patient compartments, which might drive access rights.

R5: List.encounter additional types from child elements (display, identifier, reference, type)

Element List.encounter is mapped to FHIR STU3 element List.encounter as SourceIsBroaderThanTarget. The mappings for List.encounter do not cover the following types based on type expansion: display, identifier, reference, type. The standard extension alternate-reference has been mapped as the representation of FHIR R5 element List.encounter with unmapped reference targets: Encounter.

R5: List.source

Element List.source is mapped to FHIR STU3 element List.source as SourceIsBroaderThanTarget. The standard extension alternate-reference has been mapped as the representation of FHIR R5 element List.source with unmapped reference targets: CareTeam, Device, Organization, Patient, Practitioner, PractitionerRole, RelatedPerson. The primary source is the entity that made the decisions what items are in the list. This may be software or user.

R5: List.entry.item additional types from child elements (display, identifier, reference, type)

Element List.entry.item is mapped to FHIR STU3 element List.entry.item as SourceIsBroaderThanTarget. The mappings for List.entry.item do not cover the following types based on type expansion: display, identifier, reference, type. The standard extension alternate-reference has been mapped as the representation of FHIR R5 element List.entry.item with unmapped reference targets: Resource.

A set of information summarized from a list of other resources.

The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes.

The only time that a resource does not have an id is when it is being submitted to the server using a create operation.

The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content may not always be associated with version changes to the resource.

A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content.

Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element.

This element is labelled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies it's meaning or interpretation.

The base language in which the resource is written.

Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute).

Unless not suitable, these codes SHALL be taken from Common Languages
(extensible to http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages|3.0.2)

A human language.

A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource, and may be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety.

Contained resources do not have narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied). This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a "text blob" or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded in formation is added later.

These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, and nor can they have their own independent transaction scope.

This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again.

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource, and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Identifier for the List assigned for business purposes outside the context of FHIR.

Indicates the current state of this list.

This element is labeled as a modifier because the status contains codes that mark the resource as not currently valid.

The current state of the list

How this list was prepared - whether it is a working list that is suitable for being maintained on an ongoing basis, or if it represents a snapshot of a list of items from another source, or whether it is a prepared list where items may be marked as added, modified or deleted.

This element is labeled as a modifier because a change list must not be mis-understood as a complete list.

The processing mode that applies to this list

Lists are used in various ways, and it must be known in what way it is safe to use them.

A label for the list assigned by the author.

Allows customization beyond just the code identifying the kind of list.

This code defines the purpose of the list - why it was created.

If there is no code, the purpose of the list is implied where it is used, such as in a document section using Document.section.code.

What the purpose of a list is

Lists often contain subsets of resources rather than an exhaustive list. The code identifies what type of subset is included.

The common subject (or patient) of the resources that are in the list, if there is one.

Some purely arbitrary lists do not have a common subject, so this is optional.

The primary purpose of listing the subject explicitly is to help with finding the right list.

unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

An Extension

R5: List.subject additional types from child elements (display, identifier, reference, type)

Element List.subject is mapped to FHIR STU3 element List.subject as SourceIsBroaderThanTarget. The mappings for List.subject do not cover the following types based on type expansion: display, identifier, reference, type. The standard extension alternate-reference has been mapped as the representation of FHIR R5 element List.subject with unmapped reference targets: Resource. Some purely arbitrary lists do not have a common subject, so this is optional. Lists having multiple subjects may raise challenges for systems that base access control or other security considerations on linkages to 'subject'. E.g. if a List is associated with multiple Patient subjects, then it would be nominally part of multiple patient compartments, which might drive access rights.

A reference to a location at which the other resource is found. The reference may be a relative reference, in which case it is relative to the service base URL, or an absolute URL that resolves to the location where the resource is found. The reference may be version specific or not. If the reference is not to a FHIR RESTful server, then it should be assumed to be version specific. Internal fragment references (start with '#') refer to contained resources.

Using absolute URLs provides a stable scalable approach suitable for a cloud/web context, while using relative/logical references provides a flexible approach suitable for use when trading across closed eco-system boundaries. Absolute URLs do not need to point to a FHIR RESTful server, though this is the preferred approach. If the URL conforms to the structure "/[type]/[id]" then it should be assumed that the reference is to a FHIR RESTful server.

An identifier for the other resource. This is used when there is no way to reference the other resource directly, either because the entity is not available through a FHIR server, or because there is no way for the author of the resource to convert a known identifier to an actual location. There is no requirement that a Reference.identifier point to something that is actually exposed as a FHIR instance, but it SHALL point to a business concept that would be expected to be exposed as a FHIR instance, and that instance would need to be of a FHIR resource type allowed by the reference.

When an identifier is provided in place of a reference, any system processing the reference will only be able to resolve the identifier to a reference if it understands the business context in which the identifier is used. Sometimes this is global (e.g. a national identifier) but often it is not. For this reason, none of the useful mechanisms described for working with references (e.g. chaining, includes) are possible, nor should servers be expected to be able resolve the reference. Servers may accept an identifier based reference untouched, resolve it, and/or reject it - see CapabilityStatement.rest.resource.referencePolicy.

When both an identifier and a literal reference are provided, the literal reference is preferred. Applications processing the resource are allowed - but not required - to check that the identifier matches the literal reference

Applications converting a logical reference to a literal reference may choose to leave the logical reference present, or remove it.

Plain text narrative that identifies the resource in addition to the resource reference.

This is generally not the same as the Resource.text of the referenced resource. The purpose is to identify what's being referenced, not to fully describe it.

The encounter that is the context in which this list was created.

unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

An Extension

R5: List.encounter additional types from child elements (display, identifier, reference, type)

Element List.encounter is mapped to FHIR STU3 element List.encounter as SourceIsBroaderThanTarget. The mappings for List.encounter do not cover the following types based on type expansion: display, identifier, reference, type. The standard extension alternate-reference has been mapped as the representation of FHIR R5 element List.encounter with unmapped reference targets: Encounter.

A reference to a location at which the other resource is found. The reference may be a relative reference, in which case it is relative to the service base URL, or an absolute URL that resolves to the location where the resource is found. The reference may be version specific or not. If the reference is not to a FHIR RESTful server, then it should be assumed to be version specific. Internal fragment references (start with '#') refer to contained resources.

Using absolute URLs provides a stable scalable approach suitable for a cloud/web context, while using relative/logical references provides a flexible approach suitable for use when trading across closed eco-system boundaries. Absolute URLs do not need to point to a FHIR RESTful server, though this is the preferred approach. If the URL conforms to the structure "/[type]/[id]" then it should be assumed that the reference is to a FHIR RESTful server.

An identifier for the other resource. This is used when there is no way to reference the other resource directly, either because the entity is not available through a FHIR server, or because there is no way for the author of the resource to convert a known identifier to an actual location. There is no requirement that a Reference.identifier point to something that is actually exposed as a FHIR instance, but it SHALL point to a business concept that would be expected to be exposed as a FHIR instance, and that instance would need to be of a FHIR resource type allowed by the reference.

When an identifier is provided in place of a reference, any system processing the reference will only be able to resolve the identifier to a reference if it understands the business context in which the identifier is used. Sometimes this is global (e.g. a national identifier) but often it is not. For this reason, none of the useful mechanisms described for working with references (e.g. chaining, includes) are possible, nor should servers be expected to be able resolve the reference. Servers may accept an identifier based reference untouched, resolve it, and/or reject it - see CapabilityStatement.rest.resource.referencePolicy.

When both an identifier and a literal reference are provided, the literal reference is preferred. Applications processing the resource are allowed - but not required - to check that the identifier matches the literal reference

Applications converting a logical reference to a literal reference may choose to leave the logical reference present, or remove it.

Plain text narrative that identifies the resource in addition to the resource reference.

This is generally not the same as the Resource.text of the referenced resource. The purpose is to identify what's being referenced, not to fully describe it.

The date that the list was prepared.

The actual important date is the date of currency of the resources that were summarized, but it is usually assumed that these are current when the preparation occurs.

Identifies how current the list is which affects relevance.

The entity responsible for deciding what the contents of the list were. Where the list was created by a human, this is the same as the author of the list.

The primary source is the entity that made the decisions what items are in the list. This may be software or user.

Allows follow-up as well as context.

unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

An Extension

R5: List.source

Element List.source is mapped to FHIR STU3 element List.source as SourceIsBroaderThanTarget. The standard extension alternate-reference has been mapped as the representation of FHIR R5 element List.source with unmapped reference targets: CareTeam, Device, Organization, Patient, Practitioner, PractitionerRole, RelatedPerson. The primary source is the entity that made the decisions what items are in the list. This may be software or user.

A reference to a location at which the other resource is found. The reference may be a relative reference, in which case it is relative to the service base URL, or an absolute URL that resolves to the location where the resource is found. The reference may be version specific or not. If the reference is not to a FHIR RESTful server, then it should be assumed to be version specific. Internal fragment references (start with '#') refer to contained resources.

Using absolute URLs provides a stable scalable approach suitable for a cloud/web context, while using relative/logical references provides a flexible approach suitable for use when trading across closed eco-system boundaries. Absolute URLs do not need to point to a FHIR RESTful server, though this is the preferred approach. If the URL conforms to the structure "/[type]/[id]" then it should be assumed that the reference is to a FHIR RESTful server.

An identifier for the other resource. This is used when there is no way to reference the other resource directly, either because the entity is not available through a FHIR server, or because there is no way for the author of the resource to convert a known identifier to an actual location. There is no requirement that a Reference.identifier point to something that is actually exposed as a FHIR instance, but it SHALL point to a business concept that would be expected to be exposed as a FHIR instance, and that instance would need to be of a FHIR resource type allowed by the reference.

When an identifier is provided in place of a reference, any system processing the reference will only be able to resolve the identifier to a reference if it understands the business context in which the identifier is used. Sometimes this is global (e.g. a national identifier) but often it is not. For this reason, none of the useful mechanisms described for working with references (e.g. chaining, includes) are possible, nor should servers be expected to be able resolve the reference. Servers may accept an identifier based reference untouched, resolve it, and/or reject it - see CapabilityStatement.rest.resource.referencePolicy.

When both an identifier and a literal reference are provided, the literal reference is preferred. Applications processing the resource are allowed - but not required - to check that the identifier matches the literal reference

Applications converting a logical reference to a literal reference may choose to leave the logical reference present, or remove it.

Plain text narrative that identifies the resource in addition to the resource reference.

This is generally not the same as the Resource.text of the referenced resource. The purpose is to identify what's being referenced, not to fully describe it.

What order applies to the items in the list.

Applications SHOULD render ordered lists in the order provided, but MAY allow users to re-order based on their own preferences as well. If there is no order specified, the order is unknown, though there may still be some order.

What order applies to the items in a list

Important for presentation and rendering. Lists may be sorted to place more important information first or to group related entries.

Comments that apply to the overall list.

Entries in this list.

If there are no entries in the list, an emptyReason SHOULD be provided.

unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element, and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

The flag allows the system constructing the list to indicate the role and significance of the item in the list.

The flag can only be understood in the context of the List.code. If the flag means that the entry has actually been deleted from the list, the deleted element SHALL be true. Deleted can only be used if the List.mode is "changes".

Codes that provide further information about the reason and meaning of the item in the list

This field is present to support various clinical uses of lists, such as a discharge summary medication list, where flags specify whether the medication was added, modified, or deleted from the list.

True if this item is marked as deleted in the list.

If the flag means that the entry has actually been deleted from the list, the deleted element SHALL be true. Both flag and deleted can only be used if the List.mode is "changes". A deleted entry should be displayed in narrative as deleted.

This element is labeled as a modifier because it indicates that an item is (to be) no longer in the list.

The flag element may contain codes that an application processing the list does not understand. However there can be no ambiguity if a list item is actually marked as "deleted".

When this item was added to the list.

This is only useful and meaningful when the mode is "working".

The date may be significant for understanding the meaning of items in a working list.

A reference to the actual resource from which data was derived.

unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

An Extension

R5: List.entry.item additional types from child elements (display, identifier, reference, type)

Element List.entry.item is mapped to FHIR STU3 element List.entry.item as SourceIsBroaderThanTarget. The mappings for List.entry.item do not cover the following types based on type expansion: display, identifier, reference, type. The standard extension alternate-reference has been mapped as the representation of FHIR R5 element List.entry.item with unmapped reference targets: Resource.

A reference to a location at which the other resource is found. The reference may be a relative reference, in which case it is relative to the service base URL, or an absolute URL that resolves to the location where the resource is found. The reference may be version specific or not. If the reference is not to a FHIR RESTful server, then it should be assumed to be version specific. Internal fragment references (start with '#') refer to contained resources.

Using absolute URLs provides a stable scalable approach suitable for a cloud/web context, while using relative/logical references provides a flexible approach suitable for use when trading across closed eco-system boundaries. Absolute URLs do not need to point to a FHIR RESTful server, though this is the preferred approach. If the URL conforms to the structure "/[type]/[id]" then it should be assumed that the reference is to a FHIR RESTful server.

An identifier for the other resource. This is used when there is no way to reference the other resource directly, either because the entity is not available through a FHIR server, or because there is no way for the author of the resource to convert a known identifier to an actual location. There is no requirement that a Reference.identifier point to something that is actually exposed as a FHIR instance, but it SHALL point to a business concept that would be expected to be exposed as a FHIR instance, and that instance would need to be of a FHIR resource type allowed by the reference.

When an identifier is provided in place of a reference, any system processing the reference will only be able to resolve the identifier to a reference if it understands the business context in which the identifier is used. Sometimes this is global (e.g. a national identifier) but often it is not. For this reason, none of the useful mechanisms described for working with references (e.g. chaining, includes) are possible, nor should servers be expected to be able resolve the reference. Servers may accept an identifier based reference untouched, resolve it, and/or reject it - see CapabilityStatement.rest.resource.referencePolicy.

When both an identifier and a literal reference are provided, the literal reference is preferred. Applications processing the resource are allowed - but not required - to check that the identifier matches the literal reference

Applications converting a logical reference to a literal reference may choose to leave the logical reference present, or remove it.

Plain text narrative that identifies the resource in addition to the resource reference.

This is generally not the same as the Resource.text of the referenced resource. The purpose is to identify what's being referenced, not to fully describe it.

If the list is empty, why the list is empty.

The various reasons for an empty list make a significant interpretation to its interpretation. Note that this code is for use when the entire list has been suppressed, and not for when individual items are omitted - implementers may consider using a text note or a flag on an entry in these cases.

If a list is empty, why it is empty

Allows capturing things like "none exist" or "not asked" which can be important for most lists.