R2-Observation-element-map-to-R5
type: ConceptMap
node role: treeRoot
id:
  v: R2-Observation-element-map-to-R5
text:
  status:
    v: generated
  div:
    v: Generated Narrative: ConceptMap R2-Observation-element-map-to-R5 Mapping from http://hl7.org/fhir/1.0 to http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0 Group 1 Mapping from http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation|1.0.2 to Observationversion: 5.0.0) Source Concept Details Relationship Target Concept Details Comment Codes from http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation|1.0.2 Codes from Observation Observation.meta meta is broader than Observation.meta Observation.meta Element `Observation.meta` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.meta` as `SourceIsBroaderThanTarget`. The mappings for `Observation.meta` do not cover the following types: Meta. The mappings for `Observation.meta` do not cover the following types based on type expansion: lastUpdated, profile, security, tag, versionId. Observation.implicitRules implicitRules is equivalent to Observation.implicitRules Observation.implicitRules Element `Observation.implicitRules` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.implicitRules` as `Equivalent`. Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element as much as possible. Observation.language language is equivalent to Observation.language Observation.language Element `Observation.language` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.language` as `Equivalent`. Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource Not all the content has to be in the …
extension:
  url:
    v: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-wg
    l: structuredefinition-wg
  value: Code
    v: fhir
extension:
  url:
    v: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fmm
    l: structuredefinition-fmm
  value: Integer
    v: 0
    extension:
      url:
        v: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-conformance-derivedFrom
        l: structuredefinition-conformance-derivedFrom
      value: Canonical
        v: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/xver/ImplementationGuide/hl7.fhir.uv.xver-r2.r5
        l: hl7.fhir.uv.xver-r2.r5
extension:
  url:
    v: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-standards-status
    l: structuredefinition-standards-status
  value: Code
    v: trial-use
    extension:
      url:
        v: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-conformance-derivedFrom
        l: structuredefinition-conformance-derivedFrom
      value: Canonical
        v: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/xver/ImplementationGuide/hl7.fhir.uv.xver-r2.r5
        l: hl7.fhir.uv.xver-r2.r5
url:
  v: http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/xver/ConceptMap/R2-Observation-element-map-to-R5
  l: R2-Observation-element-map-to-R5
version:
  v: 0.1.0
name:
  v: R2ObservationElementMapToR5
title:
  v: Cross-version mapping for FHIR DSTU2 Observation to FHIR R5 Observation
status:
  v: active
experimental:
  v: false
date:
  v: 2026-03-17T16:05:26.4408726-05:00
contact:
  name:
    v: FHIR Infrastructure
  telecom:
    system:
      v: url
    value:
      v: http://www.hl7.org/Special/committees/fiwg
description:
  v: This ConceptMap represents cross-version mappings for elements from a FHIR DSTU2 Observation to FHIR R5.
jurisdiction:
  coding:
    system:
      v: http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49.htm
      l: m49.htm
    code:
      v: 001
    display:
      v: World
source scope: Canonical
  v: http://hl7.org/fhir/1.0
  l: http://hl7.org/fhir/1.0
target scope: Uri
  v: http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0
  l: http://hl7.org/fhir/5.0
group:
  source:
    v: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation|1.0.2
    l: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation
  target:
    v: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation|5.0.0
    l: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation
  element:
    code:
      v: Observation.meta
    display:
      v: meta
    target:
      code:
        v: Observation.meta
      display:
        v: Observation.meta
      relationship:
        v: source-is-broader-than-target
      comment:
        v: Element `Observation.meta` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.meta` as `SourceIsBroaderThanTarget`. The mappings for `Observation.meta` do not cover the following types: Meta. The mappings for `Observation.meta` do not cover the following types based on type expansion: lastUpdated, profile, security, tag, versionId.
  element:
    code:
      v: Observation.implicitRules
    display:
      v: implicitRules
    target:
      code:
        v: Observation.implicitRules
      display:
        v: Observation.implicitRules
      relationship:
        v: equivalent
      comment:
        v: Element `Observation.implicitRules` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.implicitRules` as `Equivalent`. Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element as much as possible.
  element:
    code:
      v: Observation.language
    display:
      v: language
    target:
      code:
        v: Observation.language
      display:
        v: Observation.language
      relationship:
        v: equivalent
      comment:
        v: Element `Observation.language` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.language` as `Equivalent`. Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute).
  element:
    code:
      v: Observation.text
    display:
      v: text
    target:
      code:
        v: Observation.text
      display:
        v: Observation.text
      relationship:
        v: source-is-broader-than-target
      comment:
        v: Element `Observation.text` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.text` as `SourceIsBroaderThanTarget`. The mappings for `Observation.text` do not cover the following types: Narrative. The mappings for `Observation.text` do not cover the following types based on type expansion: div, status. Contained resources do not have narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative.
  element:
    code:
      v: Observation.contained
    display:
      v: contained
    target:
      code:
        v: Observation.contained
      display:
        v: Observation.contained
      relationship:
        v: equivalent
      comment:
        v: Element `Observation.contained` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.contained` as `SourceIsBroaderThanTarget`. This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again.
  element:
    code:
      v: Observation.identifier
    display:
      v: identifier
    target:
      code:
        v: Observation.identifier
      display:
        v: Observation.identifier
      relationship:
        v: source-is-broader-than-target
      comment:
        v: Element `Observation.identifier` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.identifier` as `SourceIsBroaderThanTarget`. The mappings for `Observation.identifier` do not cover the following types: Identifier. The mappings for `Observation.identifier` do not cover the following types based on type expansion: assigner, period, system, type, use, value.
  element:
    code:
      v: Observation.status
    display:
      v: status
    target:
      code:
        v: Observation.status
      display:
        v: Observation.status
      relationship:
        v: source-is-broader-than-target
      comment:
        v: Element `Observation.status` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.status` as `RelatedTo`. The mappings for `Observation.status` do not allow expression of the necessary codes, per the bindings on the source and target. The target context `Observation.status` is a modifier element, so this extension does not need to be defined as a modifier.
  element:
    code:
      v: Observation.category
    display:
      v: category
    target:
      code:
        v: Observation.category
      display:
        v: Observation.category
      relationship:
        v: equivalent
      comment:
        v: Element `Observation.category` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.category` as `SourceIsNarrowerThanTarget`. The level of granularity is defined by the category concepts in the value set. More fine-grained filtering can be performed using the metadata and/or terminology hierarchy in Observation.code.
  element:
    code:
      v: Observation.code

v: code

code:
  v: Observation.code
display:
  v: Observation.code
relationship:
  v: equivalent
comment:
  v: Element `Observation.code` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.code` as `Equivalent`.

code:
  v: Observation.subject
display:
  v: subject
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.subject
  display:
    v: Observation.subject
  relationship:
    v: source-is-broader-than-target
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.subject` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.subject` as `SourceIsBroaderThanTarget`. The standard extension `alternate-reference` has been mapped as the representation of FHIR DSTU2 element `Observation.subject` with unmapped reference targets: Device, Group, Location, Patient. One would expect this element to be a cardinality of 1..1. The only circumstance in which the subject can be missing is when the observation is made by a device that does not know the patient. In this case, the observation SHALL be matched to a patient through some context/channel matching technique, and at this point, the observation should be updated. If the target of the observation is different than the subject, the general extension [observation-focal-subject](https://hl7.org/fhir/extension-observation-focal-subject.html). may be used. However, the distinction between the patient's own value for an observation versus that of the fetus, or the donor or blood product unit, etc., are often specified in the observation code.

code:
  v: Observation.encounter
display:
  v: encounter
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.encounter
  display:
    v: Observation.encounter
  relationship:
    v: source-is-broader-than-target
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.encounter` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.encounter` as `SourceIsBroaderThanTarget`. The mappings for `Observation.encounter` do not cover the following types based on type expansion: display, reference. The standard extension `alternate-reference` has been mapped as the representation of FHIR DSTU2 element `Observation.encounter` with unmapped reference targets: Encounter.

code:
  v: Observation.effective[x]
display:
  v: effective[x]
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.effective[x]
  display:
    v: Observation.effective[x]
  relationship:
    v: equivalent
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.effective[x]` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.effective[x]` as `SourceIsBroaderThanTarget`. The target context `Observation.effective[x]` is a choice-type element and cannot directly hold extensions. The context is moved up to parent element `Observation`. At least a date should be present unless this observation is a historical report.

code:
  v: Observation.issued
display:
  v: issued
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.issued
  display:
    v: Observation.issued
  relationship:
    v: equivalent
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.issued` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.issued` as `Equivalent`. Updated when the result is updated.

code:
  v: Observation.performer
display:
  v: performer
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.performer
  display:
    v: Observation.performer
  relationship:
    v: source-is-broader-than-target
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.performer` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.performer` as `RelatedTo`. The standard extension `alternate-reference` has been mapped as the representation of FHIR DSTU2 element `Observation.performer` with unmapped reference targets: Organization, Patient, Practitioner, RelatedPerson.

code:
  v: Observation.value[x]
display:
  v: value[x]
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.value[x]
  display:
    v: Observation.value[x]
  relationship:
    v: source-is-broader-than-target
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.value[x]` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.value[x]` as `SourceIsBroaderThanTarget`. The mappings for `Observation.value[x]` do not cover the following types: Attachment, Period, Range, Ratio, SampledData. The target context `Observation.value[x]` is a choice-type element and cannot directly hold extensions. The context is moved up to parent element `Observation`. Normally, an observation will have either a value or a set of related observations. A few observations (e.g. Apgar score) may have both a value and related observations (for an Apgar score, the observations from which the measure is derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. This element has a variable name depending on the type as follows: valueQuantity, valueCodeableConcept, valueString, valueRange, valueRatio, valueSampledData, valueAttachment, valueTime, valueDateTime, or valuePeriod. (The name format is "'value' + the type name" with a capital on the first letter of the type). If the data element is usually coded or if the type associated with the Observation.value defines a coded value, use CodeableConcept instead of string datatype even if the value is uncoded text. A value set is bound to the ValueCodeableConcept element. For boolean values use valueCodeableConcept and select codes from [HL7 Version 2 Table 0136](https://hl7.org/fhir/v2/0136/index.html). These "yes/no" concepts can be mapped to the display name "true/false" or other mutually exclusive terms that may be needed. For further discussion and examples see the [notes section](https://hl7.org/fhir/observa.html#4.20.4) below.

code:
  v: Observation.dataAbsentReason
display:
  v: dataAbsentReason
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.dataAbsentReason
  display:
    v: Observation.dataAbsentReason
  relationship:
    v: equivalent
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.dataAbsentReason` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.dataAbsentReason` as `Equivalent`. Null or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "specimen unsatisfactory". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

code:
  v: Observation.interpretation
display:
  v: interpretation
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.interpretation
  display:
    v: Observation.interpretation
  relationship:
    v: equivalent
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.interpretation` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.interpretation` as `SourceIsNarrowerThanTarget`.

code:
  v: Observation.comments
display:
  v: comments
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.note
  display:
    v: Observation.note
  relationship:
    v: related-to
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.comments` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.note` as `RelatedTo`. The mappings for `Observation.comments` do not cover the following types: string. The mappings for `Observation.comments` do not cover the following types based on type expansion: value.

code:
  v: Observation.bodySite
display:
  v: bodySite
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.bodySite
  display:
    v: Observation.bodySite
  relationship:
    v: equivalent
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.bodySite` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.bodySite` as `Equivalent`. Only used if not implicit in code found in Observation.code. If the use case requires BodySite to be handled as a separate resource instead of an inline coded element (e.g. to identify and track separately) then use the standard extension[ body-site-instance](https://hl7.org/fhir/extension-body-site-instance.html).

code:
  v: Observation.method
display:
  v: method
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.method
  display:
    v: Observation.method
  relationship:
    v: equivalent
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.method` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.method` as `Equivalent`. Only used if not implicit in code for Observation.code.

code:
  v: Observation.specimen
display:
  v: specimen
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.specimen
  display:
    v: Observation.specimen
  relationship:
    v: source-is-broader-than-target
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.specimen` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.specimen` as `SourceIsBroaderThanTarget`. The mappings for `Observation.specimen` do not cover the following types based on type expansion: display, reference. The standard extension `alternate-reference` has been mapped as the representation of FHIR DSTU2 element `Observation.specimen` with unmapped reference targets: Specimen. Observations are not made on specimens themselves; they are made on a subject, but usually by the means of a specimen. Note that although specimens are often involved, they are not always tracked and reported explicitly. Also note that observation resources may be used in contexts that track the specimen explicitly (e.g. Diagnostic Report).

code:
  v: Observation.device
display:
  v: device
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.device
  display:
    v: Observation.device
  relationship:
    v: source-is-broader-than-target
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.device` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.device` as `SourceIsBroaderThanTarget`. The mappings for `Observation.device` do not cover the following types based on type expansion: display, reference. The standard extension `alternate-reference` has been mapped as the representation of FHIR DSTU2 element `Observation.device` with unmapped reference targets: Device, DeviceMetric. An extension should be used if further typing of the device is needed. Devices used to support obtaining an observation can be represented using either extension or through the Observation.related element.

code:
  v: Observation.referenceRange
display:
  v: referenceRange
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.referenceRange
  display:
    v: Observation.referenceRange
  relationship:
    v: source-is-broader-than-target
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.referenceRange` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.referenceRange` as `Equivalent`. Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g. specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this may not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

code:
  v: Observation.referenceRange.low
display:
  v: low
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.referenceRange.low
  display:
    v: Observation.referenceRange.low
  relationship:
    v: equivalent
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.referenceRange.low` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.referenceRange.low` as `Equivalent`.

code:
  v: Observation.referenceRange.high
display:
  v: high
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.referenceRange.high
  display:
    v: Observation.referenceRange.high
  relationship:
    v: equivalent
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.referenceRange.high` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.referenceRange.high` as `Equivalent`.

code:
  v: Observation.referenceRange.meaning
display:
  v: meaning
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo
  display:
    v: Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo
  relationship:
    v: source-is-narrower-than-target
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.referenceRange.meaning` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.referenceRange.appliesTo` as `SourceIsNarrowerThanTarget`. This SHOULD be populated if there is more than one range.

code:
  v: Observation.referenceRange.age
display:
  v: age
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.referenceRange.age
  display:
    v: Observation.referenceRange.age
  relationship:
    v: source-is-broader-than-target
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.referenceRange.age` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.referenceRange.age` as `SourceIsBroaderThanTarget`. The mappings for `Observation.referenceRange.age` do not cover the following types: Range. The mappings for `Observation.referenceRange.age` do not cover the following types based on type expansion: high, low.

code:
  v: Observation.referenceRange.text
display:
  v: text
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.referenceRange.text
  display:
    v: Observation.referenceRange.text
  relationship:
    v: equivalent
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.referenceRange.text` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.referenceRange.text` as `Equivalent`.

code:
  v: Observation.related
display:
  v: related
target:
  code:
    v: Observation
  display:
    v: Observation
  relationship:
    v: related-to
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.related` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation` as `SourceIsNarrowerThanTarget`. Element `Observation.related` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.hasMember` as `Equivalent`. Element `Observation.related` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.derivedFrom` as `SourceIsNarrowerThanTarget`. For a discussion on the ways Observations can assembled in groups together see [Notes below](https://hl7.org/fhir/observa.html#4.20.4).
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.derivedFrom
  display:
    v: Observation.derivedFrom
  relationship:
    v: related-to
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.related` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation` as `SourceIsNarrowerThanTarget`. Element `Observation.related` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.hasMember` as `Equivalent`. Element `Observation.related` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.derivedFrom` as `SourceIsNarrowerThanTarget`. For a discussion on the ways Observations can assembled in groups together see [Notes below](https://hl7.org/fhir/observa.html#4.20.4).
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.hasMember
  display:
    v: Observation.hasMember
  relationship:
    v: related-to
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.related` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation` as `SourceIsNarrowerThanTarget`. Element `Observation.related` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.hasMember` as `Equivalent`. Element `Observation.related` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.derivedFrom` as `SourceIsNarrowerThanTarget`. For a discussion on the ways Observations can assembled in groups together see [Notes below](https://hl7.org/fhir/observa.html#4.20.4).

code:
  v: Observation.related.target
display:
  v: target
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.derivedFrom
  display:
    v: Observation.derivedFrom
  relationship:
    v: related-to
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.related.target` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.hasMember` as `RelatedTo`. Element `Observation.related.target` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.derivedFrom` as `RelatedTo`. The mappings for `Observation.related.target` do not cover the following types based on type expansion: display, reference. The standard extension `alternate-reference` has been mapped as the representation of FHIR DSTU2 element `Observation.related.target` with unmapped reference targets: Observation, QuestionnaireResponse.
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.hasMember
  display:
    v: Observation.hasMember
  relationship:
    v: related-to
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.related.target` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.hasMember` as `RelatedTo`. Element `Observation.related.target` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.derivedFrom` as `RelatedTo`. The mappings for `Observation.related.target` do not cover the following types based on type expansion: display, reference. The standard extension `alternate-reference` has been mapped as the representation of FHIR DSTU2 element `Observation.related.target` with unmapped reference targets: Observation, QuestionnaireResponse.

code:
  v: Observation.component
display:
  v: component
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.component
  display:
    v: Observation.component
  relationship:
    v: source-is-broader-than-target
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.component` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.component` as `Equivalent`. For a discussion on the ways Observations can assembled in groups together see [Notes below](https://hl7.org/fhir/observa.html#4.20.4).

code:
  v: Observation.component.code
display:
  v: code
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.component.code
  display:
    v: Observation.component.code
  relationship:
    v: equivalent
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.component.code` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.component.code` as `Equivalent`.

code:
  v: Observation.component.value[x]
display:
  v: value[x]
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.component.value[x]
  display:
    v: Observation.component.value[x]
  relationship:
    v: source-is-broader-than-target
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.component.value[x]` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.component.value[x]` as `SourceIsBroaderThanTarget`. The mappings for `Observation.component.value[x]` do not cover the following types: Attachment, Period, Range, Ratio, SampledData. The target context `Observation.component.value[x]` is a choice-type element and cannot directly hold extensions. The context is moved up to parent element `Observation.component`. Normally, an observation will have either a value or a set of related observations. A few observations (e.g. Apgar score) may have both a value and related observations (for an Apgar score, the observations from which the measure is derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For boolean values use valueCodeableConcept and select codes from <http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/v2-0136> (These "yes/no" concepts can be mapped to the display name "true/false" or other mutually exclusive terms that may be needed"). The element, Observation.value[x], has a variable name depending on the type as follows: valueQuantity, valueCodeableConcept, valueRatio, valueChoice, valuePeriod, valueSampleData, or valueString (The name format is "'value' + the type name" with a capital on the first letter of the type).

code:
  v: Observation.component.dataAbsentReason
display:
  v: dataAbsentReason
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.component.dataAbsentReason
  display:
    v: Observation.component.dataAbsentReason
  relationship:
    v: equivalent
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.component.dataAbsentReason` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.component.dataAbsentReason` as `Equivalent`. "Null" or exceptional values can be represented two ways in FHIR Observations. One way is to simply include them in the value set and represent the exceptions in the value. For example, measurement values for a serology test could be "detected", "not detected", "inconclusive", or "test not done". The alternate way is to use the value element for actual observations and use the explicit dataAbsentReason element to record exceptional values. For example, the dataAbsentReason code "error" could be used when the measurement was not completed. Because of these options, use-case agreements are required to interpret general observations for exceptional values.

code:
  v: Observation.component.referenceRange
display:
  v: referenceRange
target:
  code:
    v: Observation.component.referenceRange
  display:
    v: Observation.component.referenceRange
  relationship:
    v: equivalent
  comment:
    v: Element `Observation.component.referenceRange` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.component.referenceRange` as `Equivalent`. Most observations only have one generic reference range. Systems MAY choose to restrict to only supplying the relevant reference range based on knowledge about the patient (e.g. specific to the patient's age, gender, weight and other factors), but this may not be possible or appropriate. Whenever more than one reference range is supplied, the differences between them SHOULD be provided in the reference range and/or age properties.

source:
  v: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation|1.0.2
  l: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation
target:
  v: http://hl7.org/fhir/1.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.meta|0.1.0
  l: http://hl7.org/fhir/1.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.meta
element:
  code:
    v: Observation.meta
  display:
    v: meta
  target:
    code:
      v: Extension
    relationship:
      v: equivalent
    comment:
      v: Element `Observation.meta` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.meta` as `SourceIsBroaderThanTarget`. The mappings for `Observation.meta` do not cover the following types: Meta. The mappings for `Observation.meta` do not cover the following types based on type expansion: lastUpdated, profile, security, tag, versionId.

source:
  v: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation|1.0.2
  l: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation
target:
  v: http://hl7.org/fhir/1.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.text|0.1.0
  l: http://hl7.org/fhir/1.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.text
element:
  code:
    v: Observation.text
  display:
    v: text
  target:
    code:
      v: Extension
    relationship:
      v: equivalent
    comment:
      v: Element `Observation.text` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.text` as `SourceIsBroaderThanTarget`. The mappings for `Observation.text` do not cover the following types: Narrative. The mappings for `Observation.text` do not cover the following types based on type expansion: div, status. Contained resources do not have narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative.

source:
  v: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation|1.0.2
  l: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation
target:
  v: http://hl7.org/fhir/1.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.identifier|0.1.0
  l: http://hl7.org/fhir/1.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.identifier
element:
  code:
    v: Observation.identifier
  display:
    v: identifier
  target:
    code:
      v: Extension
    relationship:
      v: equivalent
    comment:
      v: Element `Observation.identifier` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.identifier` as `SourceIsBroaderThanTarget`. The mappings for `Observation.identifier` do not cover the following types: Identifier. The mappings for `Observation.identifier` do not cover the following types based on type expansion: assigner, period, system, type, use, value.

source:
  v: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation|1.0.2
  l: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation
target:
  v: http://hl7.org/fhir/1.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.status|0.1.0
  l: http://hl7.org/fhir/1.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.status
element:
  code:
    v: Observation.status
  display:
    v: status
  target:
    code:
      v: Extension
    relationship:
      v: equivalent
    comment:
      v: Element `Observation.status` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.status` as `RelatedTo`. The mappings for `Observation.status` do not allow expression of the necessary codes, per the bindings on the source and target. The target context `Observation.status` is a modifier element, so this extension does not need to be defined as a modifier.

source:
  v: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation|1.0.2
  l: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation
target:
  v: http://hl7.org/fhir/1.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.value|0.1.0
  l: http://hl7.org/fhir/1.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.value
element:
  code:
    v: Observation.value[x]
  display:
    v: value[x]
  target:
    code:
      v: Extension
    relationship:
      v: equivalent
    comment:
      v: Element `Observation.value[x]` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.value[x]` as `SourceIsBroaderThanTarget`. The mappings for `Observation.value[x]` do not cover the following types: Attachment, Period, Range, Ratio, SampledData. The target context `Observation.value[x]` is a choice-type element and cannot directly hold extensions. The context is moved up to parent element `Observation`. Normally, an observation will have either a value or a set of related observations. A few observations (e.g. Apgar score) may have both a value and related observations (for an Apgar score, the observations from which the measure is derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. This element has a variable name depending on the type as follows: valueQuantity, valueCodeableConcept, valueString, valueRange, valueRatio, valueSampledData, valueAttachment, valueTime, valueDateTime, or valuePeriod. (The name format is "'value' + the type name" with a capital on the first letter of the type). If the data element is usually coded or if the type associated with the Observation.value defines a coded value, use CodeableConcept instead of string datatype even if the value is uncoded text. A value set is bound to the ValueCodeableConcept element. For boolean values use valueCodeableConcept and select codes from [HL7 Version 2 Table 0136](https://hl7.org/fhir/v2/0136/index.html). These "yes/no" concepts can be mapped to the display name "true/false" or other mutually exclusive terms that may be needed. For further discussion and examples see the [notes section](https://hl7.org/fhir/observa.html#4.20.4) below.

source:
  v: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation|1.0.2
  l: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation
target:
  v: http://hl7.org/fhir/1.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.comments|0.1.0
  l: http://hl7.org/fhir/1.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.comments
element:
  code:
    v: Observation.comments
  display:
    v: comments
  target:
    code:
      v: Extension
    relationship:
      v: source-is-broader-than-target
    comment:
      v: Element `Observation.comments` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.note` as `RelatedTo`. The mappings for `Observation.comments` do not cover the following types: string. The mappings for `Observation.comments` do not cover the following types based on type expansion: value.

source:
  v: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation|1.0.2
  l: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation
target:
  v: http://hl7.org/fhir/1.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.referenceRange.age|0.1.0
  l: http://hl7.org/fhir/1.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.referenceRange.age
element:
  code:
    v: Observation.referenceRange.age
  display:
    v: age
  target:
    code:
      v: Extension
    relationship:
      v: equivalent
    comment:
      v: Element `Observation.referenceRange.age` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.referenceRange.age` as `SourceIsBroaderThanTarget`. The mappings for `Observation.referenceRange.age` do not cover the following types: Range. The mappings for `Observation.referenceRange.age` do not cover the following types based on type expansion: high, low.

source:
  v: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation|1.0.2
  l: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation
target:
  v: http://hl7.org/fhir/1.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.related.type|0.1.0
  l: http://hl7.org/fhir/1.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.related.type
element:
  code:
    v: Observation.related.type
  display:
    v: type
  target:
    code:
      v: Extension
    relationship:
      v: equivalent
    comment:
      v: Element `Observation.related.type` has a context of Observation based on following the parent source element upwards and mapping to `Observation`. Element `Observation.related.type` has no mapping targets in FHIR R5. Typically, this is because the element has been added (is a new element). "derived-from" is only logical choice when referencing QuestionnaireAnswer resource.

source:
  v: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation|1.0.2
  l: http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Observation
target:
  v: http://hl7.org/fhir/1.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.component.value|0.1.0
  l: http://hl7.org/fhir/1.0/StructureDefinition/extension-Observation.component.value
element:
  code:
    v: Observation.component.value[x]
  display:
    v: value[x]
  target:
    code:
      v: Extension
    relationship:
      v: equivalent
    comment:
      v: Element `Observation.component.value[x]` is mapped to FHIR R5 element `Observation.component.value[x]` as `SourceIsBroaderThanTarget`. The mappings for `Observation.component.value[x]` do not cover the following types: Attachment, Period, Range, Ratio, SampledData. The target context `Observation.component.value[x]` is a choice-type element and cannot directly hold extensions. The context is moved up to parent element `Observation.component`. Normally, an observation will have either a value or a set of related observations. A few observations (e.g. Apgar score) may have both a value and related observations (for an Apgar score, the observations from which the measure is derived). If a value is present, the datatype for this element should be determined by Observation.code. A CodeableConcept with just a text would be used instead of a string if the field was usually coded, or if the type associated with the Observation.code defines a coded value. For boolean values use valueCodeableConcept and select codes from <http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/v2-0136> (These "yes/no" concepts can be mapped to the display name "true/false" or other mutually exclusive terms that may be needed"). The element, Observation.value[x], has a variable name depending on the type as follows: valueQuantity, valueCodeableConcept, valueRatio, valueChoice, valuePeriod, valueSampleData, or valueString (The name format is "'value' + the type name" with a capital on the first letter of the type).