Appropriate Testing for Children with Pharyngitis (id = "measure-cms146-example")

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  <id value="measure-cms146-example"/> 
  <text> 
    <status value="additional"/> 
    <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Id: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;">Measure/measure-cms146-example</td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Identifier: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> system: </b> <span> http://hl7.org/fhir/cqi/ecqm/Measure/Identifier/cms</span> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> 146</span> </td> </tr> </table> <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Identifier: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> system: </b> <span> http://hl7.org/fhir/cqi/ecqm/Measure/Identifier/nqf</span> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> 0002</span> </td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Title: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;">Appropriate Testing for Children with Pharyngitis</td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Status: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;">active</td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Description: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;">Percentage of children 2-18 years of age who were diagnosed with pharyngitis, ordered
             an antibiotic and received a group A streptococcus (strep) test for the episode.</td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Purpose: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;">The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) &quot;recommends swabbing the
             throat and testing for GAS pharyngitis by rapid antigen detection test (RADT) and/or
             culture because the clinical features alone do not reliably discriminate between
             GAS and viral pharyngitis except when overt viral features like rhinorrhea, cough,
             oral ulcers, and/or hoarseness are present&quot;</td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Topic: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-right: 25px;"><span> <span> <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> system: </b> <span> http://loinc.org</span> <br/>  </span> <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> code: </b> <span> 57024-2</span> <br/>  </span> </span> </span> </td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Library: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> reference: </b> <span> Library/library-cms146-example</span> </td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Scoring: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;">proportion</td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Type: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;">process</td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Group:</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> Identifier:</b> <br/>  <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> CMS146-group-1</span> <br/>  </span> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> Population:</b> <br/>  <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> type:</b> <span> initial-population</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> Identifier:</b> <br/>  <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> initial-population-identifier</span> <br/>  </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> criteria: </b> <span> CMS146.InInitialPopulation</span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> Population:</b> <br/>  <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> type:</b> <span> numerator</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> Identifier:</b> <br/>  <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> numerator-identifier</span> <br/>  </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> criteria: </b> <span> CMS146.InNumerator</span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> Population:</b> <br/>  <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> type:</b> <span> denominator</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> Identifier:</b> <br/>  <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> denominator-identifier</span> <br/>  </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> criteria: </b> <span> CMS146.InDenominator</span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> Population:</b> <br/>  <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> type:</b> <span> denominator-exclusion</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> Identifier:</b> <br/>  <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> denominator-exclusions-identifier</span> <br/>  </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> criteria: </b> <span> CMS146.InDenominatorExclusions</span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> Stratifier:</b> <br/>  <p style="padding-left: 25px; margin-bottom: 5px;"><b> Identifier:</b> <br/>  <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> stratifier-ages-up-to-9</span> <br/>  </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> criteria: </b> <span> CMS146.AgesUpToNine</span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> Stratifier:</b> <br/>  <p style="padding-left: 25px; margin-bottom: 5px;"><b> Identifier:</b> <br/>  <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> stratifier-ages-10-plus</span> <br/>  </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> criteria: </b> <span> CMS146.AgesTenPlus</span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> Stratifier:</b> <br/>  <p style="padding-left: 25px; margin-bottom: 5px;"><b> Identifier:</b> <br/>  <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> stratifier-ages-up-to-9</span> <br/>  </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> path: </b> <span> Patient.gender</span> </p> </td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Supplemental Data:</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><p style="margin-bottom: 5px;"><b> Identifier:</b> <br/>  <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> supplemental-data-gender</span> <br/>  </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px;"><b> path: </b> <span> Patient.gender</span> </p> </td> </tr> </table> <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Supplemental Data:</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><p style="margin-bottom: 5px;"><b> Identifier:</b> <br/>  <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> supplemental-data-deceased</span> <br/>  </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px;"><b> path: </b> <span> deceasedBoolean</span> </p> </td> </tr> </table> </div> 
  </text> 
  <url value="http://hl7.org/fhir/Measure/measure-cms146-example"/> 
  <identifier> 
    <system value="urn:ietf:rfc:3986"/> 
    <value value="urn:oid:2.16.840.1.113883.4.642.28.1"/> 
  </identifier> 
  <identifier> 
    <use value="official"/> 
    <system value="http://hl7.org/fhir/cqi/ecqm/Measure/Identifier/cms"/> 
    <value value="146"/> 
  </identifier> 
  <identifier> 
    <use value="official"/> 
    <system value="http://hl7.org/fhir/cqi/ecqm/Measure/Identifier/nqf"/> 
    <value value="0002"/> 
  </identifier> 
  <version value="1.0.0"/> 
  <name value="CMS146"/> 
  <title value="Appropriate Testing for Children with Pharyngitis"/> 
  <status value="active"/> 
  <experimental value="true"/> 
  <date value="2017-03-10"/> 
  <publisher value="National Committee for Quality Assurance"/> 
  <contact> 
    <telecom> 
      <system value="url"/> 
      <value value="http://www.ncqa.org/"/> 
    </telecom> 
  </contact> 
  <description value="Percentage of children 3-18 years of age who were diagnosed with pharyngitis, ordered
   an antibiotic and received a group A streptococcus (strep) test for the episode."/> 
  <useContext> 
    <code> 
      <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/usage-context-type"/> 
      <code value="program"/> 
    </code> 
    <valueCodeableConcept> 
      <text value="eligibile-provider"/> 
    </valueCodeableConcept> 
  </useContext> 
  <useContext> 
    <code> 
      <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/usage-context-type"/> 
      <code value="age"/> 
    </code> 
    <valueRange> 
      <low> <value value="3"/> <unit value="a"/> </low> 
      <high> <value value="18"/> <unit value="a"/> </high> 
    </valueRange> 
  </useContext> 
  <jurisdiction> 
    <coding> 
      <system value="urn:iso:std:iso:3166"/> 
      <code value="US"/> 
    </coding> 
  </jurisdiction> 
  <purpose value="Measure of children with a group A streptococcus test in the 7-day period from
   3 days prior through 3 days after the diagnosis of pharyngitis"/> 
  <copyright value="Physician Performance Measure (Measures) and related data specifications were developed
   by the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA).  The Measures are copyrighted
   but can be reproduced and distributed, without modification, for noncommercial
   purposes (eg, use by healthcare providers in connection with their practices).
   Commercial use is defined as the sale, licensing, or distribution of the Measures
   for commercial gain, or incorporation of the Measures into a product or service
   that is sold, licensed or distributed for commercial gain. Commercial use of the
   Measures requires a license agreement between the user and NCQA. NCQA is not responsible
   for any use of the Measures.  (c) 2008-2016 National Committee for Quality Assurance.
   All Rights Reserved.  Limited proprietary coding is contained in the Measure specifications
   for user convenience. Users of proprietary code sets should obtain all necessary
   licenses from the owners of the code sets. NCQA disclaims all liability for use
   or accuracy of any CPT or other codes contained in the specifications.  CPT(R)
   contained in the Measure specifications is copyright 2004-2015 American Medical
   Association. LOINC(R) copyright 2004-2015 Regenstrief Institute, Inc. This material
   contains SNOMED Clinical Terms(R) (SNOMED CT[R]) copyright 2004-2015 International
   Health Terminology Standards Development Organisation. ICD-10 copyright 2015 World
   Health Organization. All Rights Reserved."/> 
  <approvalDate value="2016-01-01"/> 
  <lastReviewDate value="2016-09-01"/> 
  <effectivePeriod> 
    <start value="2017-01-01"/> 
    <end value="2017-12-31"/> 
  </effectivePeriod> 
  <topic> 
    <coding> 
      <system value="http://loinc.org"/> 
      <code value="57024-2"/> 
    </coding> 
  </topic> 
  <author> 
    <name value="National Committee for Quality Assurance"/> 
  </author> 
  <relatedArtifact> 
    <type value="documentation"/> 
    <citation value="Linder, J.A., D.W. Bates, G.M. Lee, J.A. Finkelstein. 2005. _Antibiotic treatment
     of children with sore throat._ JAMA 294(18):2315-2322. "/> 
  </relatedArtifact> 
  <relatedArtifact> 
    <type value="documentation"/> 
    <citation value="Infectious Diseases Society of America. 2012. _Clinical Practice Guideline for
     the Diagnosis and Management of Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis: 2012 Update._
     "/> 
  </relatedArtifact> 
  <relatedArtifact> 
    <type value="documentation"/> 
    <citation value="Roberts, R.R., B. Hota, I. Ahmad, et al. _Hospital and Societal Costs of Antimicrobial-Resist
    ant Infections in a Chicago Teaching Hospital: Implications for Antibiotic Stewardship._
     Clin Infect Dis. Oct 2009; 49(8):1175-84."/> 
  </relatedArtifact> 
  <library value="http://hl7.org/fhir/Library/library-cms146-example"/> 
  <disclaimer value="These performance Measures are not clinical guidelines and do not establish a standard
   of medical care, and have not been tested for all potential applications. THE MEASURES
   AND SPECIFICATIONS ARE PROVIDED &quot;AS IS&quot; WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND.
   Due to technical limitations, registered trademarks are indicated by (R) or [R]
   and unregistered trademarks are indicated by (TM) or [TM]."/> 
  <scoring> 
    <coding> 
      <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/measure-scoring"/> 
      <code value="proportion"/> 
    </coding> 
  </scoring> 
  <type> 
    <coding> 
      <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/measure-type"/> 
      <code value="process"/> 
    </coding> 
  </type> 
  <rationale value="Group A streptococcal bacterial infections and other infections that cause pharyngitis
   (which are most often viral) often produce the same signs and symptoms (IDSA 2002).
   The American Academy of Pediatrics, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
   and the Infectious Diseases Society of America all recommend a diagnostic test
   for Strep A to improve diagnostic accuracy and avoid unnecessary antibiotic treatment
   (Linder et al. 2005). Estimated economic costs of pediatric streptococcal pharyngitis
   in the United States range from $224 million to $539 million per year, including
   indirect costs related to parental work losses. At a higher level, the economic
   cost of antibiotic resistance vary but have extended as high as $20 billion in
   excess direct healthcare costs, with additional costs to society for lost productivity
   as high as $35 billion a year (2008 dollars) (Roberts et al. 2009)."/> 
  <clinicalRecommendationStatement value="The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) &quot;recommends swabbing the
   throat and testing for GAS pharyngitis by rapid antigen detection test (RADT) and/or
   culture because the clinical features alone do not reliably discriminate between
   GAS and viral pharyngitis except when overt viral features like rhinorrhea, cough,
   oral ulcers, and/or hoarseness are present&quot;"/> 
  <improvementNotation> 
    <coding> 
      <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/measure-improvement-notation"/> 
      <code value="increase"/> 
    </coding> 
  </improvementNotation> 
  <guidance value="This is an episode of care measure that examines all eligible episodes for the
   patient during the measurement period. If the patient has more than one episode,
   include all episodes in the measure"/> 
  <group id="CMS146-group-1">
    <population> 
      <code> <coding> <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/measure-population"/> <code value="initial-population"/> </coding> </code> 
      <criteria> <language value="text/cql"/> <expression value="CMS146.InitialPopulation"/> </criteria> 
    </population> 
    <population> 
      <code> <coding> <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/measure-population"/> <code value="numerator"/> </coding> </code> 
      <criteria> <language value="text/cql"/> <expression value="CMS146.Numerator"/> </criteria> 
    </population> 
    <population> 
      <code> <coding> <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/measure-population"/> <code value="denominator"/> </coding> </code> 
      <criteria> <language value="text/cql"/> <expression value="CMS146.Denominator"/> </criteria> 
    </population> 
    <population> 
      <code> <coding> <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/measure-population"/> <code value="denominator-exclusion"/> </coding> </code> 
      <criteria> <language value="text/cql"/> <expression value="CMS146.DenominatorExclusion"/> </criteria> 
    </population> 
    <stratifier> 
      <code> <text value="stratifier-ages-up-to-9"/> </code> 
      <criteria> <language value="text/cql"/> <expression value="CMS146.AgesUpToNine"/> </criteria> 
    </stratifier> 
    <stratifier> 
      <code> <text value="stratifier-ages-10-plus"/> </code> 
      <criteria> <language value="text/cql"/> <expression value="CMS146.AgesTenPlus"/> </criteria> 
    </stratifier> 
    <stratifier> 
      <code> <text value="stratifier-gender"/> </code> 
      <criteria> <language value="text/fhirpath"/> <expression value="Patient.gender"/> </criteria> 
    </stratifier> 
  </group> 
  <supplementalData> 
    <code> <text value="supplemental-data-gender"/> </code> 
    <criteria> <language value="text/fhirpath"/> <expression value="Patient.gender"/> </criteria> 
  </supplementalData> 
  <supplementalData> 
    <code> <text value="supplemental-data-deceased"/> </code> 
    <criteria> <language value="text/fhirpath"/> <expression value="deceasedBoolean"/> </criteria> 
  </supplementalData> 
</Measure>