Name	Flags	Card.	Type	Description & Constraints
Observation	N		DomainResource	Measurements and simple assertions + Rule: dataAbsentReason SHALL only be present if Observation.value[x] is not present + Rule: If Observation.component.code is the same as Observation.code, then Observation.value SHALL NOT be present (the Observation.component.value[x] holds the value). + Rule: bodyStructure SHALL only be present if Observation.bodySite is not present Elements defined in Ancestors: id, meta, implicitRules, language, text, contained, extension, modifierExtension
identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	Business Identifier for observation
instantiates[x]	Σ TU	0..1		Instantiates FHIR ObservationDefinition
instantiatesCanonical			canonical( ObservationDefinition)
instantiatesReference			Reference( ObservationDefinition)
basedOn	Σ	0..*	Reference( CarePlan | DeviceRequest | ImmunizationRecommendation | MedicationRequest | NutritionOrder | ServiceRequest)	Fulfills plan, proposal or order
triggeredBy	TU	0..*	BackboneElement	Triggering observation(s)
observation	Σ	1..1	Reference( Observation)	Triggering observation
type	Σ	1..1	code	reflex | repeat | re-run Binding: triggered Bytype ( Required)
reason		0..1	string	Reason that the observation was triggered
partOf	Σ	0..*	Reference( MedicationAdministration | MedicationDispense | MedicationStatement | Procedure | Immunization | ImagingStudy | GenomicStudy)	Part of referenced event
status	?! Σ	1..1	code	registered | preliminary | final | amended + Binding: Observation Status ( Required)
category		0..*	CodeableConcept	Classification of type of observation Binding: Observation Category Codes ( Preferred)
code	Σ C	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of observation (code / type) Binding: LOINC Codes ( Example)
subject	Σ	0..1	Reference( Patient | Group | Device | Location | Organization | Procedure | Practitioner | Medication | Substance | BiologicallyDerivedProduct | NutritionProduct)	Who and/or what the observation is about
focus	Σ TU	0..*	Reference( Any)	What the observation is about, when it is not about the subject of record
encounter	Σ	0..1	Reference( Encounter)	Healthcare event during which this observation is made
effective[x]	Σ	0..1		Clinically relevant time/time-period for observation
effectiveDateTime			dateTime
effectivePeriod			Period
effectiveTiming			Timing
effectiveInstant			instant
issued	Σ	0..1	instant	Date/Time this version was made available
performer	Σ	0..*	Reference( Practitioner | PractitionerRole | Organization | CareTeam | Patient | RelatedPerson)	Who is responsible for the observation
value[x]	Σ C	0..1		Actual result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
valueAttachment			Attachment
valueReference			Reference( MolecularSequence)
dataAbsentReason	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the result is missing Binding: Data Absent Reason ( Extensible)
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc Binding: Observation Interpretation Codes ( Extensible)
note		0..*	Annotation	Comments about the observation
bodySite	C	0..1	CodeableConcept	Observed body part Binding: SNOMED CT Body Structures ( Example)
bodyStructure	C TU	0..1	Reference( BodyStructure)	Observed body structure
method		0..1	CodeableConcept	How it was done Binding: Observation Methods ( Example)
specimen	C	0..1	Reference( Specimen | Group)	Specimen used for this observation + Rule: If Observation.specimen is a reference to Group, the group can only have specimens
device		0..1	Reference( Device | DeviceMetric)	A reference to the device that generates the measurements or the device settings for the device
referenceRange	C	0..*	BackboneElement	Provides guide for interpretation + Rule: Must have at least a low or a high or text
low	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	Low Range, if relevant
high	C	0..1	SimpleQuantity	High Range, if relevant
normalValue	TU	0..1	CodeableConcept	Normal value, if relevant Binding: Observation Reference Range Normal Value Codes ( Extensible)
type	TU	0..1	CodeableConcept	Reference range qualifier Binding: Observation Reference Range Meaning Codes ( Preferred)
appliesTo		0..*	CodeableConcept	Reference range population Binding: Observation Reference Range Applies To Codes ( Example)
age		0..1	Range	Applicable age range, if relevant
text	C	0..1	markdown	Text based reference range in an observation
hasMember	Σ	0..*	Reference( Observation | QuestionnaireResponse | MolecularSequence)	Related resource that belongs to the Observation group
derivedFrom	Σ	0..*	Reference( DocumentReference | ImagingStudy | ImagingSelection | QuestionnaireResponse | Observation | MolecularSequence | GenomicStudy)	Related resource from which the observation is made
component	Σ C	0..*	BackboneElement	Component results
code	Σ C	1..1	CodeableConcept	Type of component observation (code / type) Binding: LOINC Codes ( Example)
value[x]	Σ	0..1		Actual component result
valueQuantity			Quantity
valueCodeableConcept			CodeableConcept
valueString			string
valueBoolean			boolean
valueInteger			integer
valueRange			Range
valueRatio			Ratio
valueSampledData			SampledData
valueTime			time
valueDateTime			dateTime
valuePeriod			Period
valueAttachment			Attachment
valueReference			Reference( MolecularSequence)
dataAbsentReason		0..1	CodeableConcept	Why the component result is missing Binding: Data Absent Reason ( Extensible)
interpretation		0..*	CodeableConcept	High, low, normal, etc Binding: Observation Interpretation Codes ( Extensible)
referenceRange		0..*	see referenceRange	Provides guide for interpretation of component result
Documentation for this format