R6 Ballot (2nd Draft)

Publish-box (todo)

Example ConceptMap/message-adt-a04-to-bundle (JSON)

Terminology Infrastructure Work GroupMaturity Level: N/AStandards Status: InformativeCompartments: No defined compartments

Raw JSON (canonical form + also see JSON Format Specification)

Example Concept Map Message ADT A04 to Bundle

{
  "resourceType" : "ConceptMap",
  "id" : "message-adt-a04-to-bundle",
  "text" : {
    "status" : "generated",
    "div" : "<div xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml\">\n      <p class=\"res-header-id\">\n        <b>Generated Narrative: ConceptMap message-adt-a04-to-bundle</b>\n      </p>\n      <a name=\"message-adt-a04-to-bundle\"> </a>\n      <a name=\"hcmessage-adt-a04-to-bundle\"> </a>\n      <a name=\"message-adt-a04-to-bundle-en-AU\"> </a>\n      <p>Mapping from (not specified) to (not specified)</p>\n      <br/>\n      <p>\n        <b>Group 1 </b>Mapping from \n        <code>unspecified code system</code> to \n        <code>unspecified code system</code>\n      </p>\n      <table class=\"grid\">\n        <tr>\n          <td>\n            <b>Source Code</b>\n          </td>\n          <td>\n            <b>Relationship</b>\n          </td>\n          <td>\n            <b>Target Code</b>\n          </td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.MSH (Message Header)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Bundle</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.MSH (Message Header)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>MessageHeader[1]</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.MSH (Message Header)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Provenance[1]</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.SFT (Software Segment)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>MessageHeader[1]</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.EVN (Event Type)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Provenance[3]</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.PID (Patient Identification)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Patient[1]</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.PD1 (Additional Demographics)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Patient[1]</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04:follow:PID.ARV (Access Restrictions)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Patient[1]</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04:follow:PID.ROL (Role)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Patient[1]</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04:follow:PID.ROL (Role)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>RelatedPerson[1]</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.NEXT_OF_KIN.NK1 (Next of Kin / Associated Parties)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>RelatedPerson[2]</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.NEXT_OF_KIN.NK1 (Next of Kin / Associated Parties)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Patient[1]</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.PV1 (Patient Visit)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Encounter[1]</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.PV1 (Patient Visit)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Patient[1]</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.PV2 (Patient Visit - Additional Info.)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Encounter[1]</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04:follow:PV1.ARV (Access Restrictions)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Encounter[1]</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.ROL (Role)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Encounter[1]</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.OBSERVATIONADT_A04.OBX (Observation/Result)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Observation</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.OBSERVATIONADT_A04.OBX (Observation/Result)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Observation</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.AL1 (Allergy Information)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>AllergyIntolerance</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.DG1 (Diagnosis Information)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Condition</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.DG1 (Diagnosis Information)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Encounter[1]</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.DG1 (Diagnosis Information)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Encounter[1]</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.DG1 (Diagnosis Information)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>EpisodeOfCare[1]</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.PROCEDUREADT_A04.PR1 (Procedures)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Procedure</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.INSURANCEADT_A04.IN1 (Insurance)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Coverage[1]</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.INSURANCEADT_A04.IN2 (Insurance Additional Info.)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Coverage[1]</td>\n        </tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td>ADT_A04.INSURANCEADT_A04.IN3 (Insurance Additional Info - Cert.)</td>\n          <td>\n            <a href=\"codesystem-concept-map-relationship.html#equivalent\" title=\"equivalent\">is equivalent to</a>\n          </td>\n          <td>Coverage[1]</td>\n        </tr>\n      </table>\n    </div>"
  },
  "extension" : [{
    "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-wg",
    "valueCode" : "vocab"
  }],
  "url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/v2mappings/message-adt-a04-to-bundle",
  "identifier" : [{
    "system" : "urn:ietf:rfc:3986",
    "value" : "urn:oid:2.16.840.1.113883.4.642.14.2"
  }],
  "version" : "6.0.0-ballot2",
  "name" : "MessageADT_A04toBundle",
  "title" : "Message A D T_ A04to Bundle",
  "status" : "active",
  "experimental" : true,
  "date" : "2020-08-12",
  "publisher" : "HL7 International / Terminology Infrastructure",
  "contact" : [{
    "telecom" : [{
      "system" : "url",
      "value" : "http://www.hl7.org/Special/committees/Vocab"
    }]
  }],
  "description" : "This ConceptMap represents a mapping from the HL7 V2 Message ADT_A04 to the FHIR Message Bundle.",
  "jurisdiction" : [{
    "coding" : [{
      "system" : "http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49.htm",
      "code" : "001"
    }]
  }],
  "copyright" : "Copyright (c) 2020, HL7 International, Inc., All Rights Reserved.",
  "property" : [{
    "code" : "segment-map",
    "type" : "string"
  },
  {
    "code" : "references",
    "type" : "string"
  },
  {
    "code" : "antlr",
    "type" : "string"
  },
  {
    "code" : "fhirpath",
    "type" : "string"
  },
  {
    "code" : "narrative",
    "type" : "string"
  }],
  "group" : [{
    "element" : [{
      "code" : "ADT_A04.MSH",
      "display" : "Message Header",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Bundle",
        "display" : "Bundle",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "MSH[Bundle]"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.MSH",
      "display" : "Message Header",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "MessageHeader[1]",
        "display" : "MessageHeader[1]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "MSH[MessageHeader]"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.MSH",
      "display" : "Message Header",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Provenance[1]",
        "display" : "Provenance[1]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "MSH[Provenance]"
        },
        {
          "code" : "references",
          "valueString" : "Provenance.target=Bundle; Provenance.target=MessageHeader[MSH]"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.SFT",
      "display" : "Software Segment",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "MessageHeader[1]",
        "display" : "MessageHeader[1]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "SFT[MessageHeader]"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.EVN",
      "display" : "Event Type",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Provenance[3]",
        "display" : "Provenance[3]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "EVN[Provenance]"
        },
        {
          "code" : "references",
          "valueString" : "Provenance.target=Bundle; Provenance.target=MessageHeader[MSH]"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.PID",
      "display" : "Patient Identification",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Patient[1]",
        "display" : "Patient[1]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "PID[Patient]"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.PD1",
      "display" : "Additional Demographics",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Patient[1]",
        "display" : "Patient[1]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "PD1[Patient]"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04:follow:PID.ARV",
      "display" : "Access Restrictions",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Patient[1]",
        "display" : "Patient[1]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "ARV[Patient]"
        },
        {
          "code" : "references",
          "valueString" : "Resource=Patient[1]"
        },
        {
          "code" : "antlr",
          "valueString" : "IF ARV-1 IN (\"PID\", \"PD1\") AND ARV-3 NOT VALUED"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04:follow:PID.ROL",
      "display" : "Role",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Patient[1]",
        "display" : "Patient[1]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "ROL[Patient-PractitionerRole]"
        },
        {
          "code" : "antlr",
          "valueString" : "IF ROL-3.1 EQUALS \"PP\" AND ROL-3.3 EQUALS \"HL70443\""
        },
        {
          "code" : "fhirpath",
          "valueString" : "(element(\"3.1\")=\"PP\")and(element(\"3.3\")=\"HL70443\")"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04:follow:PID.ROL",
      "display" : "Role",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "RelatedPerson[1]",
        "display" : "RelatedPerson[1]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "ROL[RelatedPerson]"
        },
        {
          "code" : "references",
          "valueString" : "RelatedPerson[1].patient.reference=Patient[1].id"
        },
        {
          "code" : "antlr",
          "valueString" : "IF ROL-3.1 NOT EQUALS  \"PP\" OR ROL-3.3 NOT EQUALS \"HL70443\""
        },
        {
          "code" : "fhirpath",
          "valueString" : "(element(\"3.1\")!=\"PP\")or(element(\"3.3\")!=\"HL70443\")"
        },
        {
          "code" : "narrative",
          "valueString" : "While most likely all other HL70443 values go to RelatedPerson, the implementation needs to determine whether that is fully accurate."
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.NEXT_OF_KIN.NK1",
      "display" : "Next of Kin / Associated Parties",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "RelatedPerson[2]",
        "display" : "RelatedPerson[2]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "NK1[RelatedPerson]"
        },
        {
          "code" : "references",
          "valueString" : "RelatedPerson[2].patient.reference=Patient[1].id"
        },
        {
          "code" : "narrative",
          "valueString" : "The FHIR location will depend on the nature of the data being exchanged and how the systems use next of kin data"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.NEXT_OF_KIN.NK1",
      "display" : "Next of Kin / Associated Parties",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Patient[1]",
        "display" : "Patient[1]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "NK1[Patient]"
        },
        {
          "code" : "narrative",
          "valueString" : "The FHIR location will depend on the nature of the data being exchanged and how the systems use next of kin data"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.PV1",
      "display" : "Patient Visit",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Encounter[1]",
        "display" : "Encounter[1]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "PV1[Encounter]"
        },
        {
          "code" : "references",
          "valueString" : "Encounter[1].subject.reference=Patient[1].id"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.PV1",
      "display" : "Patient Visit",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Patient[1]",
        "display" : "Patient[1]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "PV1[Patient]"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.PV2",
      "display" : "Patient Visit - Additional Info.",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Encounter[1]",
        "display" : "Encounter[1]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "PV2[Encounter]"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04:follow:PV1.ARV",
      "display" : "Access Restrictions",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Encounter[1]",
        "display" : "Encounter[1]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "ARV[Encounter]"
        },
        {
          "code" : "references",
          "valueString" : "Resource=Encounter[1]"
        },
        {
          "code" : "antlr",
          "valueString" : "IF ARV-1 IN (\"PV1\", \"PV2\") AND ARV-3 NOT VALUED"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.ROL",
      "display" : "Role",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Encounter[1]",
        "display" : "Encounter[1]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "ROL[Encounter-PractitionerRole]"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.OBSERVATIONADT_A04.OBX",
      "display" : "Observation/Result",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Observation",
        "display" : "Observation",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "OBX[Observation]"
        },
        {
          "code" : "references",
          "valueString" : "Observation.subject.reference=Patient[1].id"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.OBSERVATIONADT_A04.OBX",
      "display" : "Observation/Result",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Observation",
        "display" : "Observation",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "OBX[Observation-Component]"
        },
        {
          "code" : "references",
          "valueString" : "Observation.subject.reference=Patient[1].id"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.AL1",
      "display" : "Allergy Information",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "AllergyIntolerance",
        "display" : "AllergyIntolerance",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "AL1[AllergyIntolerance]"
        },
        {
          "code" : "references",
          "valueString" : "AllergyIntolerance.patient.reference=Patient[1].id"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.DG1",
      "display" : "Diagnosis Information",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Condition",
        "display" : "Condition",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "DG1[Condition]"
        },
        {
          "code" : "references",
          "valueString" : "Condition.subject.reference=Patient[1].id"
        },
        {
          "code" : "narrative",
          "valueString" : "If in context of the patient"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.DG1",
      "display" : "Diagnosis Information",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Encounter[1]",
        "display" : "Encounter[1]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "DG1[Encounter]"
        },
        {
          "code" : "references",
          "valueString" : "Encounter[1].diagnosis.reference=Condition[1].id"
        },
        {
          "code" : "antlr",
          "valueString" : "IF DG1-6 EQUALS \"admitting\""
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.DG1",
      "display" : "Diagnosis Information",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Encounter[1]",
        "display" : "Encounter[1]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "DG1[Encounter]"
        },
        {
          "code" : "references",
          "valueString" : "Encounter[1].diagnosis.reference=Condition[1].id"
        },
        {
          "code" : "narrative",
          "valueString" : "If in context of an encounter"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.DG1",
      "display" : "Diagnosis Information",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "EpisodeOfCare[1]",
        "display" : "EpisodeOfCare[1]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "DG1[EpisodeOfCare]"
        },
        {
          "code" : "references",
          "valueString" : "EpisodeOfCare.diagnosis.reference=Condition[1].id"
        },
        {
          "code" : "narrative",
          "valueString" : "If in context of an episode of care"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.PROCEDUREADT_A04.PR1",
      "display" : "Procedures",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Procedure",
        "display" : "Procedure",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "PR1[Procedure]"
        },
        {
          "code" : "references",
          "valueString" : "Procedure.subject.reference=Patient[1].id"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.INSURANCEADT_A04.IN1",
      "display" : "Insurance",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Coverage[1]",
        "display" : "Coverage[1]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "IN1[Coverage]"
        },
        {
          "code" : "references",
          "valueString" : "Coverage.subscriber.reference=Patient[1].id"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.INSURANCEADT_A04.IN2",
      "display" : "Insurance Additional Info.",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Coverage[1]",
        "display" : "Coverage[1]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "IN2[Coverage]"
        }]
      }]
    },
    {
      "code" : "ADT_A04.INSURANCEADT_A04.IN3",
      "display" : "Insurance Additional Info - Cert.",
      "target" : [{
        "code" : "Coverage[1]",
        "display" : "Coverage[1]",
        "relationship" : "equivalent",
        "property" : [{
          "code" : "segment-map",
          "valueString" : "IN3[Coverage]"
        }]
      }]
    }]
  }]
}

Usage note: every effort has been made to ensure that the examples are correct and useful, but they are not a normative part of the specification.