R5 Final QA

This page is part of the FHIR Specification (v5.0.0-draft-final: Final QA Preview for R5 - see ballot notes). The current version which supercedes this version is 5.0.0. For a full list of available versions, see the Directory of published versions

Example EvidenceVariable/example-eligibility-criteria-ada-rec-bariatric (XML)

Clinical Decision Support Work GroupMaturity Level: N/AStandards Status: InformativeCompartments: Not linked to any defined compartments

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RecommendationEligibilityCriteria: Eligibility Criteria for Bariatric Surgery (ADA Recommendation 8.16) (id = "example-eligibility-criteria-ada-rec-bariatric")

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<EvidenceVariable xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
  <id value="example-eligibility-criteria-ada-rec-bariatric"/> 
  <text> <status value="generated"/> <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p> <b> Generated Narrative: EvidenceVariable</b> <a name="example-eligibility-criteria-ada-rec-bariatric"> </a> </p> <div style="display: inline-block; background-color: #d9e0e7; padding: 6px; margin: 4px; border:
       1px solid #8da1b4; border-radius: 5px; line-height: 60%"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px">Resource EvidenceVariable &quot;example-eligibility-criteria-ada-rec-bariatric&quot;
           </p> </div> <p> <b> identifier</b> : FEvIR Object Identifier: 32140</p> <p> <b> name</b> : RecommendationEligibilityCriteriaEligibilityCriteriaForBariatricSurgeryADARecommendation816</p> <p> <b> title</b> : RecommendationEligibilityCriteria: Eligibility Criteria for Bariatric Surgery
         (ADA Recommendation 8.16)</p> <p> <b> shortTitle</b> : Recommend bariatric surgery if BMI 35 or higher</p> <p> <b> status</b> : active</p> <p> <b> publisher</b> : Computable Publishing LLC</p> <p> <b> contact</b> : <a href="mailto:support@computablepublishing.com">support@computablepublishing.com</a> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : Inclusion Criteria: [[1]] Adults. [[2]] Diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. [[3]]
         Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 40.0 kg/m2 (BMI ≥ 37.5 kg/m2 in Asian Americans), or BMI
         ≥ 35.0 kg/m2 and ≤ 39.9 kg/m2 (BMI 32.5-37.4 kg/m2 in Asian Americans) who do not
         achieve durable weight loss and improvement in comorbidities (including hyperglycemia)
         with nonsurgical methods. [[4]] Screened surgical candidates.</p> <p> <b> copyright</b> : https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/</p> <p> <b> effectivePeriod</b> : 2021-01 --&gt; (ongoing)</p> <p> <b> author</b> : Brian S. Alper: </p> <p> <b> actual</b> : false</p> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : Adult.</p> <p> <b> exclude</b> : false</p> <h3> DefinitionByTypeAndValues</h3> <table class="grid"><tr> <td> -</td> <td> <b> Type</b> </td> <td> <b> Value[x]</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> *</td> <td> Age <span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki"> (<a href="https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/">SNOMED CT</a> #397669002)</span> </td> <td> &gt;=18 years<span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow"> (Details: UCUM code a = 'a')</span> </td> </tr> </table> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : Diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.</p> <p> <b> exclude</b> : false</p> <h3> DefinitionByTypeAndValues</h3> <table class="grid"><tr> <td> -</td> <td> <b> Type</b> </td> <td> <b> Value[x]</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> *</td> <td> Disease (disorder) <span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki"> (<a href="https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/">SNOMED CT</a> #64572001; resource-types#Condition &quot;Condition&quot;)</span> </td> <td> Diabetes mellitus type 2 (disorder) <span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki"> (<a href="https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/">SNOMED CT</a> #44054006)</span> </td> </tr> </table> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 40.0 kg/m2 (BMI ≥ 37.5 kg/m2 in Asian Americans), or
           BMI ≥ 35.0 kg/m2 and ≤ 39.9 kg/m2 (BMI 32.5-37.4 kg/m2 in Asian Americans) who
           do not achieve durable weight loss and improvement in comorbidities (including
           hyperglycemia) with nonsurgical methods.</p> <blockquote> <p> <b> definitionByCombination</b> </p> <p> <b> code</b> : any-of</p> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 40.0 kg/m2</p> <p> <b> exclude</b> : false</p> <blockquote> <p> <b> definitionByTypeAndValue</b> </p> </blockquote> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : BMI ≥ 37.5 kg/m2 in Asian Americans</p> <blockquote> <p> <b> definitionByCombination</b> </p> </blockquote> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : BMI ≥ 35.0 kg/m2 and ≤ 39.9 kg/m2 who do not achieve durable weight loss and
               improvement in comorbidities (including hyperglycemia) with nonsurgical methods.</p> <blockquote> <p> <b> definitionByCombination</b> </p> </blockquote> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : BMI ≥ 32.5 kg/m2 and ≤ 37.4 kg/m2 in Asian Americans who do not achieve durable
               weight loss and improvement in comorbidities (including hyperglycemia) with nonsurgical
               methods.</p> <blockquote> <p> <b> definitionByCombination</b> </p> </blockquote> </blockquote> </blockquote> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : Cardiovascular event (myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, coronary
           artery angioplasty or bypass, stroke) in the past six months.</p> <p> <b> note</b> : placeholder for now to represent 'screened surgical candidate'</p> <p> <b> exclude</b> : true</p> <blockquote> <p> <b> definitionByCombination</b> </p> <p> <b> code</b> : any-of</p> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : acute coronary heart disease (a value set covering many forms)</p> <blockquote> <p> <b> definitionByTypeAndValue</b> </p> </blockquote> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : coronary artery angioplasty or bypass</p> <blockquote> <p> <b> definitionByTypeAndValue</b> </p> </blockquote> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : stroke</p> <blockquote> <p> <b> definitionByTypeAndValue</b> </p> </blockquote> </blockquote> </blockquote> <h3> TimeFromEvents</h3> <table class="grid"><tr> <td> -</td> <td> <b> Description</b> </td> <td> <b> Note</b> </td> <td> <b> Range</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> *</td> <td> in the past six months</td> <td> occurrence within the range is equivalent to 'in the past six months'</td> <td> -6-0 months</td> </tr> </table> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : Current evidence of congestive heart failure, angina pectoris, or symptomatic
           peripheral vascular disease.</p> <p> <b> note</b> : This may be possible to encode as presence of Disease(disorder) without 'in remission',
           placeholder for now to represent 'screened surgical candidate'</p> <p> <b> exclude</b> : true</p> <p> <b> definitionCodeableConcept</b> : Current evidence of congestive heart failure, angina pectoris, or symptomatic
           peripheral vascular disease. <span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki"> ()</span> </p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : Cardiac stress test indicating that surgery or IMM would not be safe.</p> <p> <b> note</b> : placeholder for now to represent 'screened surgical candidate'</p> <p> <b> exclude</b> : true</p> <p> <b> definitionCodeableConcept</b> : Cardiac stress test indicating that surgery or IMM would not be safe. <span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki"> ()</span> </p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : Pulmonary embolus in the past six months.</p> <p> <b> note</b> : placeholder for now to represent 'screened surgical candidate'</p> <p> <b> exclude</b> : true</p> <h3> DefinitionByTypeAndValues</h3> <table class="grid"><tr> <td> -</td> <td> <b> Type</b> </td> <td> <b> Value[x]</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> *</td> <td> Disease (disorder) <span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki"> (<a href="https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/">SNOMED CT</a> #64572001; resource-types#Condition &quot;Condition&quot;)</span> </td> <td> Pulmonary embolism (disorder) <span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki"> (<a href="https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/">SNOMED CT</a> #59282003)</span> </td> </tr> </table> <h3> TimeFromEvents</h3> <table class="grid"><tr> <td> -</td> <td> <b> Description</b> </td> <td> <b> Note</b> </td> <td> <b> Range</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> *</td> <td> in the past six months</td> <td> occurrence within the range is equivalent to 'in the past six months'</td> <td> -6-0 months</td> </tr> </table> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : Thrombophlebitis in the past six months.</p> <p> <b> note</b> : placeholder for now to represent 'screened surgical candidate'</p> <p> <b> exclude</b> : true</p> <h3> DefinitionByTypeAndValues</h3> <table class="grid"><tr> <td> -</td> <td> <b> Type</b> </td> <td> <b> Value[x]</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> *</td> <td> Disease (disorder) <span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki"> (<a href="https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/">SNOMED CT</a> #64572001; resource-types#Condition &quot;Condition&quot;)</span> </td> <td> Thrombophlebitis (disorder) <span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki"> (<a href="https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/">SNOMED CT</a> #64156001)</span> </td> </tr> </table> <h3> TimeFromEvents</h3> <table class="grid"><tr> <td> -</td> <td> <b> Description</b> </td> <td> <b> Note</b> </td> <td> <b> Range</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> *</td> <td> in the past six months</td> <td> occurrence within the range is equivalent to 'in the past six months'</td> <td> -6-0 months</td> </tr> </table> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : Cancer of any kind (except basal cell skin cancer or cancer in situ) unless documented
           to be disease-free for five years.</p> <p> <b> note</b> : This combination logic fails if the patient has both a basal cell skin cancer
           or cancer in situ and a cancer of another kind., placeholder for now to represent
           'screened surgical candidate'</p> <p> <b> exclude</b> : true</p> <blockquote> <p> <b> definitionByCombination</b> </p> <p> <b> code</b> : all-of</p> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : Cancer of any kind</p> <p> <b> exclude</b> : false</p> <blockquote> <p> <b> definitionByTypeAndValue</b> </p> </blockquote> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : (except basal cell skin cancer)</p> <p> <b> exclude</b> : true</p> <blockquote> <p> <b> definitionByTypeAndValue</b> </p> </blockquote> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : (except cancer in situ)</p> <p> <b> exclude</b> : true</p> <blockquote> <p> <b> definitionByTypeAndValue</b> </p> </blockquote> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : unless documented to be disease-free for five years</p> <p> <b> exclude</b> : true</p> <p> <b> definitionCodeableConcept</b> : No evidence of cancer found (situation) <span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki"> (<a href="https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/">SNOMED CT</a> #395100000)</span> </p> <blockquote> <p> <b> timeFromEvent</b> </p> </blockquote> </blockquote> </blockquote> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : History of coagulopathy</p> <p> <b> note</b> : placeholder for now to represent 'screened surgical candidate'</p> <p> <b> exclude</b> : true</p> <p> <b> definitionCodeableConcept</b> : history of coagulopathy <span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki"> ()</span> </p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : Significant anemia (hemoglobin 1.0 g or more below normal range)</p> <p> <b> note</b> : placeholder for now to represent 'screened surgical candidate'</p> <p> <b> exclude</b> : true</p> <h3> DefinitionByTypeAndValues</h3> <table class="grid"><tr> <td> -</td> <td> <b> Type</b> </td> <td> <b> Value[x]</b> </td> <td> <b> Offset</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> *</td> <td> Hemoglobin [Mass/volume] in Blood <span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki"> (<a href="https://loinc.org/">LOINC</a> #718-7)</span> </td> <td> &lt;=-1 g/dL<span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow"> (Details: UCUM code g/dL = 'g/dL')</span> </td> <td> Lower Normal Limit <span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki"> (<a href="codesystem-characteristic-offset.html">Characteristic Offset</a> #LNL)</span> </td> </tr> </table> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> characteristic</b> </p> <p> <b> description</b> : Serum creatinine ≥ 1.5 mg/dl</p> <p> <b> note</b> : placeholder for now to represent 'screened surgical candidate'</p> <p> <b> exclude</b> : true</p> <h3> DefinitionByTypeAndValues</h3> <table class="grid"><tr> <td> -</td> <td> <b> Type</b> </td> <td> <b> Value[x]</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> *</td> <td> Creatinine [Mass/volume] in Serum or Plasma <span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki"> (<a href="https://loinc.org/">LOINC</a> #2160-0)</span> </td> <td> &gt;=1.5 mg/dl<span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow"> (Details: UCUM code mg/dL = 'mg/dL')</span> </td> </tr> </table> </blockquote> </div> </text> <identifier> 
    <type> 
      <text value="FEvIR Object Identifier"/> 
    </type> 
    <system value="https://fevir.net"/> 
    <value value="32140"/> 
    <assigner> 
      <display value="Computable Publishing LLC"/> 
    </assigner> 
  </identifier> 
  <name value="RecommendationEligibilityCriteriaEligibilityCriteriaForBariatricSurgeryADARecommendation816"/> 
  <title value="RecommendationEligibilityCriteria: Eligibility Criteria for Bariatric Surgery (ADA
   Recommendation 8.16)"/> 
  <shortTitle value="Recommend bariatric surgery if BMI 35 or higher"/> 
  <status value="active"/> 
  <publisher value="Computable Publishing LLC"/> 
  <contact> 
    <telecom> 
      <system value="email"/> 
      <value value="support@computablepublishing.com"/> 
    </telecom> 
  </contact> 
  <description value="Inclusion Criteria: [[1]] Adults. [[2]] Diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. [[3]] Body
   Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 40.0 kg/m2 (BMI ≥ 37.5 kg/m2 in Asian Americans), or BMI ≥ 35.0
   kg/m2 and ≤ 39.9 kg/m2 (BMI 32.5-37.4 kg/m2 in Asian Americans) who do not achieve
   durable weight loss and improvement in comorbidities (including hyperglycemia)
   with nonsurgical methods. [[4]] Screened surgical candidates."/> 
  <copyright value="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/"/> 
  <effectivePeriod> 
    <start value="2021-01"/> 
  </effectivePeriod> 
  <author> 
    <name value="Brian S. Alper"/> 
  </author> 
  <actual value="false"/> 
  <characteristic> 
    <description value="Adult."/> 
    <exclude value="false"/> 
    <definitionByTypeAndValue> 
      <type> 
        <coding> 
          <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
          <code value="397669002"/> 
          <display value="Age"/> 
        </coding> 
      </type> 
      <valueQuantity> 
        <value value="18"/> 
        <comparator value="&gt;="/> 
        <unit value="years"/> 
        <system value="http://unitsofmeasure.org"/> 
        <code value="a"/> 
      </valueQuantity> 
    </definitionByTypeAndValue> 
  </characteristic> 
  <characteristic> 
    <description value="Diagnosed with type 2 diabetes."/> 
    <exclude value="false"/> 
    <definitionByTypeAndValue> 
      <type> 
        <coding> 
          <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
          <code value="64572001"/> 
          <display value="Disease (disorder)"/> 
        </coding> 
        <coding> 
          <system value="http://hl7.org/fhir/resource-types"/> 
          <code value="Condition"/> 
          <display value="Condition"/> 
        </coding> 
      </type> 
      <valueCodeableConcept> 
        <coding> 
          <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
          <code value="44054006"/> 
          <display value="Diabetes mellitus type 2 (disorder)"/> 
        </coding> 
      </valueCodeableConcept> 
    </definitionByTypeAndValue> 
  </characteristic> 
  <characteristic> 
    <description value="Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 40.0 kg/m2 (BMI ≥ 37.5 kg/m2 in Asian Americans), or BMI
     ≥ 35.0 kg/m2 and ≤ 39.9 kg/m2 (BMI 32.5-37.4 kg/m2 in Asian Americans) who do not
     achieve durable weight loss and improvement in comorbidities (including hyperglycemia)
     with nonsurgical methods."/> 
    <definitionByCombination> 
      <code value="any-of"/> 
      <characteristic> 
        <description value="Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 40.0 kg/m2"/> 
        <exclude value="false"/> 
        <definitionByTypeAndValue> 
          <type> 
            <coding> 
              <system value="http://loinc.org"/> 
              <code value="39156-5"/> 
              <display value="Body mass index (BMI) [Ratio]"/> 
            </coding> 
          </type> 
          <valueQuantity> 
            <value value="40"/> 
            <comparator value="&gt;="/> 
            <unit value="kg/m2"/> 
            <system value="http://unitsofmeasure.org"/> 
            <code value="kg/m2"/> 
          </valueQuantity> 
        </definitionByTypeAndValue> 
      </characteristic> 
      <characteristic> 
        <description value="BMI ≥ 37.5 kg/m2 in Asian Americans"/> 
        <definitionByCombination> 
          <code value="all-of"/> 
          <characteristic> 
            <description value="BMI ≥ 37.5 kg/m2"/> 
            <exclude value="false"/> 
            <definitionByTypeAndValue> 
              <type> 
                <coding> 
                  <system value="http://loinc.org"/> 
                  <code value="39156-5"/> 
                  <display value="Body mass index (BMI) [Ratio]"/> 
                </coding> 
              </type> 
              <valueQuantity> 
                <value value="37.5"/> 
                <comparator value="&gt;="/> 
                <unit value="kg/m2"/> 
                <system value="http://unitsofmeasure.org"/> 
                <code value="kg/m2"/> 
              </valueQuantity> 
            </definitionByTypeAndValue> 
          </characteristic> 
          <characteristic> 
            <linkId value="AsianAmerican"/> 
            <description value="Asian American"/> 
            <note> 
              <text value="The evidence and guideline panel decision to modify the BMI threshold for Asian
               Americans is based on data mostly from Asian Americans not generally including
               Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders, so it is not explicit whether the
               modified thresholds apply to Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders. See
               https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article/38/1/150/37769/BMI-Cut-Points-to-Identify-At-Risk-A
              sian-Americans for details"/> 
            </note> 
            <definitionByTypeAndValue> 
              <type> 
                <coding> 
                  <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
                  <code value="103579009"/> 
                  <display value="Race (observable entity)"/> 
                </coding> 
              </type> 
              <valueCodeableConcept> 
                <coding> 
                  <system value="urn:oid:2.16.840.1.113883.6.238"/> 
                  <code value="2028-9"/> 
                  <display value="Asian"/> 
                </coding> 
                <text value="Asian American"/> 
              </valueCodeableConcept> 
            </definitionByTypeAndValue> 
          </characteristic> 
        </definitionByCombination> 
      </characteristic> 
      <characteristic> 
        <description value="BMI ≥ 35.0 kg/m2 and ≤ 39.9 kg/m2 who do not achieve durable weight loss and improvement
         in comorbidities (including hyperglycemia) with nonsurgical methods."/> 
        <definitionByCombination> 
          <code value="all-of"/> 
          <characteristic> 
            <description value="BMI ≥ 35.0 kg/m2 and ≤ 39.9 kg/m2"/> 
            <definitionByTypeAndValue> 
              <type> 
                <coding> 
                  <system value="http://loinc.org"/> 
                  <code value="39156-5"/> 
                  <display value="Body mass index (BMI) [Ratio]"/> 
                </coding> 
              </type> 
              <valueRange> 
                <low> 
                  <value value="35"/> 
                  <unit value="kg/m2"/> 
                  <system value="http://unitsofmeasure.org"/> 
                  <code value="kg/m2"/> 
                </low> 
                <high> 
                  <value value="39.9"/> 
                  <unit value="kg/m2"/> 
                  <system value="http://unitsofmeasure.org"/> 
                  <code value="kg/m2"/> 
                </high> 
              </valueRange> 
            </definitionByTypeAndValue> 
          </characteristic> 
          <characteristic> 
            <description value="who do not achieve durable weight loss and improvement in comorbidities (including
             hyperglycemia) with nonsurgical methods."/> 
            <exclude value="true"/> 
            <definitionCodeableConcept> 
              <text value="achieving durable weight loss and improvement in comorbidities (including hyperglycemia)
               with nonsurgical methods"/> 
            </definitionCodeableConcept> 
          </characteristic> 
        </definitionByCombination> 
      </characteristic> 
      <characteristic> 
        <description value="BMI ≥ 32.5 kg/m2 and ≤ 37.4 kg/m2 in Asian Americans who do not achieve durable
         weight loss and improvement in comorbidities (including hyperglycemia) with nonsurgical
         methods."/> 
        <definitionByCombination> 
          <code value="all-of"/> 
          <characteristic> 
            <description value="BMI ≥ 32.5 kg/m2 and ≤ 37.4 kg/m2"/> 
            <definitionByTypeAndValue> 
              <type> 
                <coding> 
                  <system value="http://loinc.org"/> 
                  <code value="39156-5"/> 
                  <display value="Body mass index (BMI) [Ratio]"/> 
                </coding> 
              </type> 
              <valueRange> 
                <low> 
                  <value value="32.5"/> 
                  <unit value="kg/m2"/> 
                  <system value="http://unitsofmeasure.org"/> 
                  <code value="kg/m2"/> 
                </low> 
                <high> 
                  <value value="37.4"/> 
                  <unit value="kg/m2"/> 
                  <system value="http://unitsofmeasure.org"/> 
                  <code value="kg/m2"/> 
                </high> 
              </valueRange> 
            </definitionByTypeAndValue> 
          </characteristic> 
          <characteristic> 
            <description value="Asian American"/> 
            <definitionId value="AsianAmerican"/> 
          </characteristic> 
          <characteristic> 
            <description value="who do not achieve durable weight loss and improvement in comorbidities (including
             hyperglycemia) with nonsurgical methods."/> 
            <exclude value="true"/> 
            <definitionCodeableConcept> 
              <text value="achieving durable weight loss and improvement in comorbidities (including hyperglycemia)
               with nonsurgical methods"/> 
            </definitionCodeableConcept> 
          </characteristic> 
        </definitionByCombination> 
      </characteristic> 
    </definitionByCombination> 
  </characteristic> 
  <characteristic> 
    <description value="Cardiovascular event (myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, coronary
     artery angioplasty or bypass, stroke) in the past six months."/> 
    <note> 
      <text value="placeholder for now to represent 'screened surgical candidate'"/> 
    </note> 
    <exclude value="true"/> 
    <definitionByCombination> 
      <code value="any-of"/> 
      <characteristic> 
        <description value="acute coronary heart disease (a value set covering many forms)"/> 
        <definitionByTypeAndValue> 
          <type> 
            <coding> 
              <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
              <code value="64572001"/> 
              <display value="Disease (disorder)"/> 
            </coding> 
            <coding> 
              <system value="http://hl7.org/fhir/resource-types"/> 
              <code value="Condition"/> 
              <display value="Condition"/> 
            </coding> 
          </type> 
          <valueReference> 
            <reference value="ValueSet/32152"/> 
            <type value="ValueSet"/> 
            <display value="Acute Coronary Heart Disease Value Set"/> 
          </valueReference> 
        </definitionByTypeAndValue> 
      </characteristic> 
      <characteristic> 
        <description value="coronary artery angioplasty or bypass"/> 
        <definitionByTypeAndValue> 
          <type> 
            <coding> 
              <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
              <code value="71388002"/> 
              <display value="Procedure (procedure)"/> 
            </coding> 
            <coding> 
              <system value="http://hl7.org/fhir/resource-types"/> 
              <code value="Procedure"/> 
              <display value="Procedure"/> 
            </coding> 
          </type> 
          <valueCodeableConcept> 
            <coding> 
              <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
              <code value="81266008"/> 
              <display value="Heart revascularization (procedure)"/> 
            </coding> 
          </valueCodeableConcept> 
        </definitionByTypeAndValue> 
      </characteristic> 
      <characteristic> 
        <description value="stroke"/> 
        <definitionByTypeAndValue> 
          <type> 
            <coding> 
              <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
              <code value="64572001"/> 
              <display value="Disease (disorder)"/> 
            </coding> 
            <coding> 
              <system value="http://hl7.org/fhir/resource-types"/> 
              <code value="Condition"/> 
              <display value="Condition"/> 
            </coding> 
          </type> 
          <valueCodeableConcept> 
            <coding> 
              <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
              <code value="230690007"/> 
              <display value="Cerebrovascular accident (disorder)"/> 
            </coding> 
          </valueCodeableConcept> 
        </definitionByTypeAndValue> 
      </characteristic> 
    </definitionByCombination> 
    <timeFromEvent> 
      <description value="in the past six months"/> 
      <note> 
        <text value="occurrence within the range is equivalent to 'in the past six months'"/> 
      </note> 
      <range> 
        <low> 
          <value value="-6"/> 
          <unit value="months"/> 
          <system value="http://unitsofmeasure.org"/> 
          <code value="mo"/> 
        </low> 
        <high> 
          <value value="0"/> 
          <unit value="months"/> 
          <system value="http://unitsofmeasure.org"/> 
          <code value="mo"/> 
        </high> 
      </range> 
    </timeFromEvent> 
  </characteristic> 
  <characteristic> 
    <description value="Current evidence of congestive heart failure, angina pectoris, or symptomatic peripheral
     vascular disease."/> 
    <note> 
      <text value="This may be possible to encode as presence of Disease(disorder) without 'in remission'"/> 
    </note> 
    <note> 
      <text value="placeholder for now to represent 'screened surgical candidate'"/> 
    </note> 
    <exclude value="true"/> 
    <definitionCodeableConcept> 
      <text value="Current evidence of congestive heart failure, angina pectoris, or symptomatic peripheral
       vascular disease."/> 
    </definitionCodeableConcept> 
  </characteristic> 
  <characteristic> 
    <description value="Cardiac stress test indicating that surgery or IMM would not be safe."/> 
    <note> 
      <text value="placeholder for now to represent 'screened surgical candidate'"/> 
    </note> 
    <exclude value="true"/> 
    <definitionCodeableConcept> 
      <text value="Cardiac stress test indicating that surgery or IMM would not be safe."/> 
    </definitionCodeableConcept> 
  </characteristic> 
  <characteristic> 
    <description value="Pulmonary embolus in the past six months."/> 
    <note> 
      <text value="placeholder for now to represent 'screened surgical candidate'"/> 
    </note> 
    <exclude value="true"/> 
    <definitionByTypeAndValue> 
      <type> 
        <coding> 
          <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
          <code value="64572001"/> 
          <display value="Disease (disorder)"/> 
        </coding> 
        <coding> 
          <system value="http://hl7.org/fhir/resource-types"/> 
          <code value="Condition"/> 
          <display value="Condition"/> 
        </coding> 
      </type> 
      <valueCodeableConcept> 
        <coding> 
          <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
          <code value="59282003"/> 
          <display value="Pulmonary embolism (disorder)"/> 
        </coding> 
      </valueCodeableConcept> 
    </definitionByTypeAndValue> 
    <timeFromEvent> 
      <description value="in the past six months"/> 
      <note> 
        <text value="occurrence within the range is equivalent to 'in the past six months'"/> 
      </note> 
      <range> 
        <low> 
          <value value="-6"/> 
          <unit value="months"/> 
          <system value="http://unitsofmeasure.org"/> 
          <code value="mo"/> 
        </low> 
        <high> 
          <value value="0"/> 
          <unit value="months"/> 
          <system value="http://unitsofmeasure.org"/> 
          <code value="mo"/> 
        </high> 
      </range> 
    </timeFromEvent> 
  </characteristic> 
  <characteristic> 
    <description value="Thrombophlebitis in the past six months."/> 
    <note> 
      <text value="placeholder for now to represent 'screened surgical candidate'"/> 
    </note> 
    <exclude value="true"/> 
    <definitionByTypeAndValue> 
      <type> 
        <coding> 
          <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
          <code value="64572001"/> 
          <display value="Disease (disorder)"/> 
        </coding> 
        <coding> 
          <system value="http://hl7.org/fhir/resource-types"/> 
          <code value="Condition"/> 
          <display value="Condition"/> 
        </coding> 
      </type> 
      <valueCodeableConcept> 
        <coding> 
          <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
          <code value="64156001"/> 
          <display value="Thrombophlebitis (disorder)"/> 
        </coding> 
      </valueCodeableConcept> 
    </definitionByTypeAndValue> 
    <timeFromEvent> 
      <description value="in the past six months"/> 
      <note> 
        <text value="occurrence within the range is equivalent to 'in the past six months'"/> 
      </note> 
      <range> 
        <low> 
          <value value="-6"/> 
          <unit value="months"/> 
          <system value="http://unitsofmeasure.org"/> 
          <code value="mo"/> 
        </low> 
        <high> 
          <value value="0"/> 
          <unit value="months"/> 
          <system value="http://unitsofmeasure.org"/> 
          <code value="mo"/> 
        </high> 
      </range> 
    </timeFromEvent> 
  </characteristic> 
  <characteristic> 
    <description value="Cancer of any kind (except basal cell skin cancer or cancer in situ) unless documented
     to be disease-free for five years."/> 
    <note> 
      <text value="This combination logic fails if the patient has both a basal cell skin cancer or
       cancer in situ and a cancer of another kind."/> 
    </note> 
    <note> 
      <text value="placeholder for now to represent 'screened surgical candidate'"/> 
    </note> 
    <exclude value="true"/> 
    <definitionByCombination> 
      <code value="all-of"/> 
      <characteristic> 
        <description value="Cancer of any kind"/> 
        <exclude value="false"/> 
        <definitionByTypeAndValue> 
          <type> 
            <coding> 
              <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
              <code value="64572001"/> 
              <display value="Disease (disorder)"/> 
            </coding> 
            <coding> 
              <system value="http://hl7.org/fhir/resource-types"/> 
              <code value="Condition"/> 
              <display value="Condition"/> 
            </coding> 
          </type> 
          <valueCodeableConcept> 
            <coding> 
              <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
              <code value="363346000"/> 
              <display value="Malignant neoplastic disease (disorder)"/> 
            </coding> 
          </valueCodeableConcept> 
        </definitionByTypeAndValue> 
      </characteristic> 
      <characteristic> 
        <description value="(except basal cell skin cancer)"/> 
        <exclude value="true"/> 
        <definitionByTypeAndValue> 
          <type> 
            <coding> 
              <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
              <code value="64572001"/> 
              <display value="Disease (disorder)"/> 
            </coding> 
            <coding> 
              <system value="http://hl7.org/fhir/resource-types"/> 
              <code value="Condition"/> 
              <display value="Condition"/> 
            </coding> 
          </type> 
          <valueCodeableConcept> 
            <coding> 
              <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
              <code value="254701007"/> 
              <display value="Basal cell carcinoma of skin (disorder)"/> 
            </coding> 
          </valueCodeableConcept> 
        </definitionByTypeAndValue> 
      </characteristic> 
      <characteristic> 
        <description value="(except cancer in situ)"/> 
        <exclude value="true"/> 
        <definitionByTypeAndValue> 
          <type> 
            <coding> 
              <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
              <code value="64572001"/> 
              <display value="Disease (disorder)"/> 
            </coding> 
            <coding> 
              <system value="http://hl7.org/fhir/resource-types"/> 
              <code value="Condition"/> 
              <display value="Condition"/> 
            </coding> 
          </type> 
          <valueCodeableConcept> 
            <coding> 
              <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
              <code value="109355002"/> 
              <display value="Carcinoma in situ (disorder)"/> 
            </coding> 
          </valueCodeableConcept> 
        </definitionByTypeAndValue> 
      </characteristic> 
      <characteristic> 
        <description value="unless documented to be disease-free for five years"/> 
        <exclude value="true"/> 
        <definitionCodeableConcept> 
          <coding> 
            <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
            <code value="395100000"/> 
            <display value="No evidence of cancer found (situation)"/> 
          </coding> 
        </definitionCodeableConcept> 
        <timeFromEvent> 
          <description value="for five years"/> 
          <note> 
            <text value="presence throughout the range is equivalent to 'for five years'"/> 
          </note> 
          <range> 
            <low> 
              <value value="-5"/> 
              <unit value="years"/> 
              <system value="http://unitsofmeasure.org"/> 
              <code value="a"/> 
            </low> 
            <high> 
              <value value="0"/> 
              <unit value="years"/> 
              <system value="http://unitsofmeasure.org"/> 
              <code value="a"/> 
            </high> 
          </range> 
        </timeFromEvent> 
      </characteristic> 
    </definitionByCombination> 
  </characteristic> 
  <characteristic> 
    <description value="History of coagulopathy"/> 
    <note> 
      <text value="placeholder for now to represent 'screened surgical candidate'"/> 
    </note> 
    <exclude value="true"/> 
    <definitionCodeableConcept> 
      <text value="history of coagulopathy"/> 
    </definitionCodeableConcept> 
  </characteristic> 
  <characteristic> 
    <description value="Significant anemia (hemoglobin 1.0 g or more below normal range)"/> 
    <note> 
      <text value="placeholder for now to represent 'screened surgical candidate'"/> 
    </note> 
    <exclude value="true"/> 
    <definitionByTypeAndValue> 
      <type> 
        <coding> 
          <system value="http://loinc.org"/> 
          <code value="718-7"/> 
          <display value="Hemoglobin [Mass/volume] in Blood"/> 
        </coding> 
      </type> 
      <valueQuantity> 
        <value value="-1"/> 
        <comparator value="&lt;="/> 
        <unit value="g/dL"/> 
        <system value="http://unitsofmeasure.org"/> 
        <code value="g/dL"/> 
      </valueQuantity> 
      <offset> 
        <coding> 
          <system value="http://hl7.org/fhir/characteristic-offset"/> 
          <code value="LNL"/> 
          <display value="Lower Normal Limit"/> 
        </coding> 
      </offset> 
    </definitionByTypeAndValue> 
  </characteristic> 
  <characteristic> 
    <description value="Serum creatinine ≥ 1.5 mg/dl"/> 
    <note> 
      <text value="placeholder for now to represent 'screened surgical candidate'"/> 
    </note> 
    <exclude value="true"/> 
    <definitionByTypeAndValue> 
      <type> 
        <coding> 
          <system value="http://loinc.org"/> 
          <code value="2160-0"/> 
          <display value="Creatinine [Mass/volume] in Serum or Plasma"/> 
        </coding> 
      </type> 
      <valueQuantity> 
        <value value="1.5"/> 
        <comparator value="&gt;="/> 
        <unit value="mg/dl"/> 
        <system value="http://unitsofmeasure.org"/> 
        <code value="mg/dL"/> 
      </valueQuantity> 
    </definitionByTypeAndValue> 
  </characteristic> 
</EvidenceVariable> 

Usage note: every effort has been made to ensure that the examples are correct and useful, but they are not a normative part of the specification.