Opioid CDS Recommendation 5 ECA Rule (id = "opioidcds-05")

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<PlanDefinition xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
  <id value="opioidcds-05"/> 
  <text> <status value="generated"/> <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p> <b> Generated Narrative: PlanDefinition</b> <a name="opioidcds-05"> </a> </p> <div style="display: inline-block; background-color: #d9e0e7; padding: 6px; margin: 4px; border: 1px
       solid #8da1b4; border-radius: 5px; line-height: 60%"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px">Resource PlanDefinition &quot;opioidcds-05&quot; </p> </div> <p> <b> url</b> : <code> http://hl7.org/fhir/ig/opioid-cds/PlanDefinition/opioidcds-05</code> </p> <p> <b> identifier</b> : id: urn:oid:2.16.840.1.113883.4.642.11.1, id: cdc-opioid-guidance (OFFICIAL)</p> <p> <b> version</b> : 0.1.0</p> <p> <b> name</b> : cdc-opioid-05</p> <p> <b> title</b> : CDC Opioid Prescribing Guideline Recommendation #5</p> <p> <b> type</b> : ECA Rule <span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki"> (<a href="codesystem-plan-definition-type.html">PlanDefinitionType</a> #eca-rule)</span> </p> <p> <b> status</b> : draft</p> <p> <b> date</b> : 2017-04-23</p> <p> <b> publisher</b> : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)</p> <p> <b> description</b> : When opioids are started, providers should prescribe the lowest effective dosage.</p> <h3> UseContexts</h3> <table class="grid"><tr> <td> -</td> <td> <b> Code</b> </td> <td> <b> Value[x]</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> *</td> <td> Clinical Focus (Details: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/usage-context-type code
             focus = 'Clinical Focus', stated as 'Clinical Focus')</td> <td> Medication requested (situation) <span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki"> (<a href="https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/">SNOMED CT</a> #182888003)</span> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> *</td> <td> Clinical Focus (Details: http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/usage-context-type code
             focus = 'Clinical Focus', stated as 'Clinical Focus')</td> <td> Chronic pain (finding) <span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki"> (<a href="https://browser.ihtsdotools.org/">SNOMED CT</a> #82423001)</span> </td> </tr> </table> <p> <b> jurisdiction</b> : United States of America <span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki"> (unknown#US)</span> </p> <p> <b> purpose</b> : CDC’s Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain is intended to improve communication
         between providers and patients about the risks and benefits of opioid therapy for chronic
         pain, improve the safety and effectiveness of pain treatment, and reduce the risks associated
         with long-term opioid therapy, including opioid use disorder and overdose. The Guideline
         is not intended for patients who are in active cancer treatment, palliative care, or end-of-life
         care.</p> <p> <b> usage</b> : Providers should use caution when prescribing opioids at any dosage, should carefully
         reassess evidence of individual benefits and risks when considering increasing dosage
         to ≥50 morphine milligram equivalents (MME)/day, and should avoid increasing dosage to
         ≥90 MME/day or carefully justify a decision to titrate dosage to &gt;90 MME/day</p> <p> <b> copyright</b> : © CDC 2016+.</p> <p> <b> topic</b> : Opioid Prescribing <span style="background: LightGoldenRodYellow; margin: 4px; border: 1px solid khaki"> ()</span> </p> <p> <b> author</b> : Kensaku Kawamoto, MD, PhD, MHS: , Bryn Rhodes: , Floyd Eisenberg, MD, MPH: , Robert
         McClure, MD, MPH: </p> <blockquote> <p> <b> relatedArtifact</b> </p> <p> <b> type</b> : documentation</p> <p> <b> display</b> : CDC guideline for prescribing opioids for chronic pain</p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> relatedArtifact</b> </p> <p> <b> type</b> : documentation</p> <p> <b> display</b> : MME Conversion Tables</p> </blockquote> <p> <b> library</b> : <a href="http://example.org/fhir/Library/opioidcds-recommendation-05">http://example.org/fhir/Library/opioidcds-recommendation-05</a> </p> <blockquote> <p> <b> action</b> </p> <p> <b> title</b> : High risk for opioid overdose.</p> <p> <b> description</b> : Total morphine milligram equivalent (MME) exceeds recommended amount. Taper to less
           than 50.</p> <blockquote> <p> <b> documentation</b> </p> <p> <b> type</b> : documentation</p> </blockquote> <h3> Triggers</h3> <table class="grid"><tr> <td> -</td> <td> <b> Type</b> </td> <td> <b> Name</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> *</td> <td> named-event</td> <td> medication-prescribe</td> </tr> </table> <blockquote> <p> <b> condition</b> </p> <p> <b> kind</b> : applicability</p> <h3> Expressions</h3> <table class="grid"><tr> <td> -</td> <td> <b> Description</b> </td> <td> <b> Language</b> </td> <td> <b> Expression</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> *</td> <td> Is total MME &gt;= 50?</td> <td> text/cql</td> <td> Is MME 50 Or More?</td> </tr> </table> </blockquote> <p> <b> groupingBehavior</b> : visual-group</p> <p> <b> selectionBehavior</b> : exactly-one</p> <blockquote> <p> <b> dynamicValue</b> </p> <p> <b> path</b> : action.title</p> <h3> Expressions</h3> <table class="grid"><tr> <td> -</td> <td> <b> Language</b> </td> <td> <b> Expression</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> *</td> <td> text/cql</td> <td> getSummary</td> </tr> </table> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> dynamicValue</b> </p> <p> <b> path</b> : action.description</p> <h3> Expressions</h3> <table class="grid"><tr> <td> -</td> <td> <b> Language</b> </td> <td> <b> Expression</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> *</td> <td> text/cql</td> <td> getDetail</td> </tr> </table> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p> <b> dynamicValue</b> </p> <p> <b> path</b> : activity.extension</p> <h3> Expressions</h3> <table class="grid"><tr> <td> -</td> <td> <b> Language</b> </td> <td> <b> Expression</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> *</td> <td> text/cql</td> <td> getIndicator</td> </tr> </table> </blockquote> <h3> Actions</h3> <table class="grid"><tr> <td> -</td> <td> <b> Description</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> *</td> <td> Will reduce dosage</td> </tr> <tr> <td> *</td> <td> Risk of overdose carefully considered and outweighed by benefit; snooze 3 mo</td> </tr> <tr> <td> *</td> <td> Acute pain; snooze 1 mo</td> </tr> <tr> <td> *</td> <td> <span title="  TODO: How do we indicate through the response that a comment must be captured?  &amp;#10;
                TODO: How do we communicate the response back to the CDS service for persistence?  ">N/A - see comment (will be reviewed by medical director); snooze 3 mo</span> </td> </tr> </table> </blockquote> </div> </text> <url value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ig/opioid-cds/PlanDefinition/opioidcds-05"/> 
  <identifier> 
    <system value="urn:ietf:rfc:3986"/> 
    <value value="urn:oid:2.16.840.1.113883.4.642.11.1"/> 
  </identifier> 
  <identifier> 
    <use value="official"/> 
    <value value="cdc-opioid-guidance"/> 
  </identifier> 
  <version value="0.1.0"/> 
  <name value="cdc-opioid-05"/> 
  <title value="CDC Opioid Prescribing Guideline Recommendation #5"/> 
  <type> 
    <coding> 
      <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/plan-definition-type"/> 
      <code value="eca-rule"/> 
      <display value="ECA Rule"/> 
    </coding> 
  </type> 
  <status value="draft"/> 
  <date value="2017-04-23"/> 
  <publisher value="Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)"/> 
  <description value="When opioids are started, providers should prescribe the lowest effective dosage."/> 
  <useContext> 
    <code> 
      <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/usage-context-type"/> 
      <code value="focus"/> 
      <display value="Clinical Focus"/> 
    </code> 
    <valueCodeableConcept> 
      <coding> 
        <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
        <code value="182888003"/> 
        <display value="Medication requested (situation)"/> 
      </coding> 
    </valueCodeableConcept> 
  </useContext> 
  <useContext> 
    <code> 
      <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/usage-context-type"/> 
      <code value="focus"/> 
      <display value="Clinical Focus"/> 
    </code> 
    <valueCodeableConcept> 
      <coding> 
        <system value="http://snomed.info/sct"/> 
        <code value="82423001"/> 
        <display value="Chronic pain (finding)"/> 
      </coding> 
    </valueCodeableConcept> 
  </useContext> 
  <jurisdiction> 
    <coding> 
      <system value="urn:iso:std:iso:3166"/> 
      <code value="US"/> 
      <display value="United States of America"/> 
    </coding> 
  </jurisdiction> 
  <purpose value="CDC’s Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain is intended to improve communication
   between providers and patients about the risks and benefits of opioid therapy for chronic
   pain, improve the safety and effectiveness of pain treatment, and reduce the risks associated
   with long-term opioid therapy, including opioid use disorder and overdose. The Guideline
   is not intended for patients who are in active cancer treatment, palliative care, or end-of-life
   care."/> 
  <usage value="Providers should use caution when prescribing opioids at any dosage, should carefully
   reassess evidence of individual benefits and risks when considering increasing dosage
   to ≥50 morphine milligram equivalents (MME)/day, and should avoid increasing dosage to
   ≥90 MME/day or carefully justify a decision to titrate dosage to &gt;90 MME/day"/> 
  <copyright value="© CDC 2016+."/> 
  <topic> 
    <text value="Opioid Prescribing"/> 
  </topic> 
    <author> 
        <name value="Kensaku Kawamoto, MD, PhD, MHS"/> 
    </author> 
    <author> 
        <name value="Bryn Rhodes"/> 
    </author> 
    <author> 
        <name value="Floyd Eisenberg, MD, MPH"/> 
    </author> 
    <author> 
        <name value="Robert McClure, MD, MPH"/> 
    </author> 
  <relatedArtifact> 
    <type value="documentation"/> 
    <display value="CDC guideline for prescribing opioids for chronic pain"/> 
    <document> 
      <url value="https://guidelines.gov/summaries/summary/50153/cdc-guideline-for-prescribing-opioids-for-chronic-pai
      n---united-states-2016#420"/> 
    </document> 
  </relatedArtifact> 
  <relatedArtifact> 
    <type value="documentation"/> 
    <display value="MME Conversion Tables"/> 
    <document> 
      <url value="https://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/pdf/calculating_total_daily_dose-a.pdf"/> 
    </document> 
  </relatedArtifact> 
  <library value="http://example.org/fhir/Library/opioidcds-recommendation-05"/> 
  <action> 
    <title value="High risk for opioid overdose."/> 
    <description value="Total morphine milligram equivalent (MME) exceeds recommended amount. Taper to less than
     50."/> 
    <documentation> 
      <type value="documentation"/> 
      <document> 
        <!--    We can use the example code systems from the FHIR CLinical Reasoning Module, or we
         can define GRADE specific code systems and use those here    -->
        <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/cqf-strengthOfRecommendation">
          <valueCodeableConcept> 
            <coding> 
              <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/recommendation-strength"/> 
              <code value="strong"/> 
              <display value="Strong"/> 
            </coding> 
          </valueCodeableConcept> 
        </extension> 
        <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/cqf-qualityOfEvidence">
          <valueCodeableConcept> 
            <coding> 
              <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/evidence-quality"/> 
              <code value="low"/> 
              <display value="Low quality"/> 
            </coding> 
          </valueCodeableConcept> 
        </extension> 
      </document> 
    </documentation> 
    <trigger> 
      <type value="named-event"/> 
      <name value="medication-prescribe"/> 
    </trigger> 
    <condition> 
      <kind value="applicability"/> 
            <expression> 
              <description value="Is total MME &gt;= 50?"/> 
        <language value="text/cql"/> 
        <expression value="Is MME 50 Or More?"/> 
        </expression> 
    </condition> 
    <groupingBehavior value="visual-group"/> 
    <selectionBehavior value="exactly-one"/> 
    <dynamicValue> 
      <path value="action.title"/> 
            <expression> 
              <language value="text/cql"/> 
              <expression value="getSummary"/> 
        </expression> 
    </dynamicValue> 
    <dynamicValue> 
      <path value="action.description"/> 
            <expression> 
              <language value="text/cql"/> 
            <expression value="getDetail"/> 
          </expression> 
    </dynamicValue> 
    <dynamicValue> 
      <path value="activity.extension"/> 
            <expression> 
              <language value="text/cql"/> 
            <expression value="getIndicator"/> 
          </expression> 
    </dynamicValue> 
    <!--    Will reduce dosage    -->
    <action> 
      <description value="Will reduce dosage"/> 
      <!--    Open Order Set, where available    -->
    </action> 
    <!--    Risk of overdose carefully considered and outweighed by benefit; snooze 3 mo    -->
    <action> 
      <description value="Risk of overdose carefully considered and outweighed by benefit; snooze 3 mo"/> 
    </action> 
    <!--    Acute pain; snooze 1 mo    -->
    <action> 
      <description value="Acute pain; snooze 1 mo"/> 
    </action> 
    <!--    N/A - see comment (will be reviewed by medical director); snooze 3 mo    -->
    <action> 
      <!--    TODO: How do we indicate through the response that a comment must be captured?    -->
      <!--    TODO: How do we communicate the response back to the CDS service for persistence? 
         -->
      <description value="N/A - see comment (will be reviewed by medical director); snooze 3 mo"/> 
    </action> 
  </action> 
</PlanDefinition>