Appropriate Testing for Children with Pharyngitis (id = "measure-cms146-example")

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  <id value="measure-cms146-example"/> 
  <text> 
    <status value="additional"/> 
    <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Id: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;">Measure/measure-cms146-example</td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Identifier: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> system: </b> <span> http://hl7.org/fhir/cqi/ecqm/Measure/Identifier/cms</span> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> 146</span> </td> </tr> </table> <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Identifier: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> system: </b> <span> http://hl7.org/fhir/cqi/ecqm/Measure/Identifier/nqf</span> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> 0002</span> </td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Title: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;">Appropriate Testing for Children with Pharyngitis</td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Status: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;">active</td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Description: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;">Percentage of children 2-18 years of age who were diagnosed with pharyngitis, ordered
             an antibiotic and received a group A streptococcus (strep) test for the episode.</td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Purpose: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;">The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) &quot;recommends swabbing the throat
             and testing for GAS pharyngitis by rapid antigen detection test (RADT) and/or culture
             because the clinical features alone do not reliably discriminate between GAS and viral
             pharyngitis except when overt viral features like rhinorrhea, cough, oral ulcers, and/or
             hoarseness are present&quot;</td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Topic: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-right: 25px;"><span> <span> <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> system: </b> <span> http://loinc.org</span> <br/>  </span> <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> code: </b> <span> 57024-2</span> <br/>  </span> </span> </span> </td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Library: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> reference: </b> <span> Library/library-cms146-example</span> </td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Scoring: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;">proportion</td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Type: </b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;">process</td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Group:</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> Identifier:</b> <br/>  <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> CMS146-group-1</span> <br/>  </span> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> Population:</b> <br/>  <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> type:</b> <span> initial-population</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> Identifier:</b> <br/>  <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> initial-population-identifier</span> <br/>  </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> criteria: </b> <span> CMS146.InInitialPopulation</span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> Population:</b> <br/>  <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> type:</b> <span> numerator</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> Identifier:</b> <br/>  <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> numerator-identifier</span> <br/>  </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> criteria: </b> <span> CMS146.InNumerator</span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> Population:</b> <br/>  <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> type:</b> <span> denominator</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> Identifier:</b> <br/>  <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> denominator-identifier</span> <br/>  </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> criteria: </b> <span> CMS146.InDenominator</span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> Population:</b> <br/>  <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> type:</b> <span> denominator-exclusion</span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> Identifier:</b> <br/>  <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> denominator-exclusions-identifier</span> <br/>  </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> criteria: </b> <span> CMS146.InDenominatorExclusions</span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> Stratifier:</b> <br/>  <p style="padding-left: 25px; margin-bottom: 5px;"><b> Identifier:</b> <br/>  <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> stratifier-ages-up-to-9</span> <br/>  </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> criteria: </b> <span> CMS146.AgesUpToNine</span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> Stratifier:</b> <br/>  <p style="padding-left: 25px; margin-bottom: 5px;"><b> Identifier:</b> <br/>  <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> stratifier-ages-10-plus</span> <br/>  </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> criteria: </b> <span> CMS146.AgesTenPlus</span> </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><b> Stratifier:</b> <br/>  <p style="padding-left: 25px; margin-bottom: 5px;"><b> Identifier:</b> <br/>  <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> stratifier-ages-up-to-9</span> <br/>  </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 25px;"><b> path: </b> <span> Patient.gender</span> </p> </td> </tr> </table> <p/>  <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Supplemental Data:</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><p style="margin-bottom: 5px;"><b> Identifier:</b> <br/>  <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> supplemental-data-gender</span> <br/>  </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px;"><b> path: </b> <span> Patient.gender</span> </p> </td> </tr> </table> <table class="grid dict"><tr> <td> <b> Supplemental Data:</b> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;"><p style="margin-bottom: 5px;"><b> Identifier:</b> <br/>  <span style="padding-left: 25px;"><b> value: </b> <span> supplemental-data-deceased</span> <br/>  </span> </p> <p style="margin-bottom: 5px;"><b> path: </b> <span> deceasedBoolean</span> </p> </td> </tr> </table> </div> 
  </text> 
  <url value="http://hl7.org/fhir/Measure/measure-cms146-example"/> 
  <identifier> 
    <system value="urn:ietf:rfc:3986"/> 
    <value value="urn:oid:2.16.840.1.113883.4.642.28.1"/> 
  </identifier> 
  <identifier> 
    <use value="official"/> 
    <system value="http://hl7.org/fhir/cqi/ecqm/Measure/Identifier/cms"/> 
    <value value="146"/> 
  </identifier> 
  <identifier> 
    <use value="official"/> 
    <system value="http://hl7.org/fhir/cqi/ecqm/Measure/Identifier/nqf"/> 
    <value value="0002"/> 
  </identifier> 
  <version value="1.0.0"/> 
  <name value="CMS146"/> 
  <title value="Appropriate Testing for Children with Pharyngitis"/> 
  <status value="active"/> 
  <experimental value="true"/> 
  <date value="2017-03-10"/> 
  <publisher value="National Committee for Quality Assurance"/> 
  <contact> 
    <telecom> 
      <system value="url"/> 
      <value value="http://www.ncqa.org/"/> 
    </telecom> 
  </contact> 
  <description value="Percentage of children 3-18 years of age who were diagnosed with pharyngitis, ordered
   an antibiotic and received a group A streptococcus (strep) test for the episode."/> 
  <useContext> 
    <code> 
      <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/usage-context-type"/> 
      <code value="program"/> 
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    <valueCodeableConcept> 
      <text value="eligibile-provider"/> 
    </valueCodeableConcept> 
  </useContext> 
  <useContext> 
    <code> 
      <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/usage-context-type"/> 
      <code value="age"/> 
    </code> 
    <valueRange> 
      <low> <value value="3"/> <unit value="a"/> </low> 
      <high> <value value="18"/> <unit value="a"/> </high> 
    </valueRange> 
  </useContext> 
  <jurisdiction> 
    <coding> 
      <system value="urn:iso:std:iso:3166"/> 
      <code value="US"/> 
    </coding> 
  </jurisdiction> 
  <purpose value="Measure of children with a group A streptococcus test in the 7-day period from 3 days
   prior through 3 days after the diagnosis of pharyngitis"/> 
  <copyright value="Physician Performance Measure (Measures) and related data specifications were developed
   by the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA).  The Measures are copyrighted
   but can be reproduced and distributed, without modification, for noncommercial purposes
   (eg, use by healthcare providers in connection with their practices). Commercial use is
   defined as the sale, licensing, or distribution of the Measures for commercial gain, or
   incorporation of the Measures into a product or service that is sold, licensed or distributed
   for commercial gain. Commercial use of the Measures requires a license agreement between
   the user and NCQA. NCQA is not responsible for any use of the Measures.  (c) 2008-2016
   National Committee for Quality Assurance. All Rights Reserved.  Limited proprietary coding
   is contained in the Measure specifications for user convenience. Users of proprietary
   code sets should obtain all necessary licenses from the owners of the code sets. NCQA
   disclaims all liability for use or accuracy of any CPT or other codes contained in the
   specifications.  CPT(R) contained in the Measure specifications is copyright 2004-2015
   American Medical Association. LOINC(R) copyright 2004-2015 Regenstrief Institute, Inc.
   This material contains SNOMED Clinical Terms(R) (SNOMED CT[R]) copyright 2004-2015 International
   Health Terminology Standards Development Organisation. ICD-10 copyright 2015 World Health
   Organization. All Rights Reserved."/> 
  <approvalDate value="2016-01-01"/> 
  <lastReviewDate value="2016-09-01"/> 
  <effectivePeriod> 
    <start value="2017-01-01"/> 
    <end value="2017-12-31"/> 
  </effectivePeriod> 
  <topic> 
    <coding> 
      <system value="http://loinc.org"/> 
      <code value="57024-2"/> 
    </coding> 
  </topic> 
  <author> 
    <name value="National Committee for Quality Assurance"/> 
  </author> 
  <relatedArtifact> 
    <type value="documentation"/> 
    <citation value="Linder, J.A., D.W. Bates, G.M. Lee, J.A. Finkelstein. 2005. _Antibiotic treatment of children
     with sore throat._ JAMA 294(18):2315-2322. "/> 
  </relatedArtifact> 
  <relatedArtifact> 
    <type value="documentation"/> 
    <citation value="Infectious Diseases Society of America. 2012. _Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis
     and Management of Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis: 2012 Update._ "/> 
  </relatedArtifact> 
  <relatedArtifact> 
    <type value="documentation"/> 
    <citation value="Roberts, R.R., B. Hota, I. Ahmad, et al. _Hospital and Societal Costs of Antimicrobial-Resistant
     Infections in a Chicago Teaching Hospital: Implications for Antibiotic Stewardship._ Clin
     Infect Dis. Oct 2009; 49(8):1175-84."/> 
  </relatedArtifact> 
  <library value="http://hl7.org/fhir/Library/library-cms146-example"/> 
  <disclaimer value="These performance Measures are not clinical guidelines and do not establish a standard
   of medical care, and have not been tested for all potential applications. THE MEASURES
   AND SPECIFICATIONS ARE PROVIDED &quot;AS IS&quot; WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND. Due to
   technical limitations, registered trademarks are indicated by (R) or [R] and unregistered
   trademarks are indicated by (TM) or [TM]."/> 
  <scoring> 
    <coding> 
      <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/measure-scoring"/> 
      <code value="proportion"/> 
    </coding> 
  </scoring> 
  <type> 
    <coding> 
      <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/measure-type"/> 
      <code value="process"/> 
    </coding> 
  </type> 
  <rationale value="Group A streptococcal bacterial infections and other infections that cause pharyngitis
   (which are most often viral) often produce the same signs and symptoms (IDSA 2002). The
   American Academy of Pediatrics, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the
   Infectious Diseases Society of America all recommend a diagnostic test for Strep A to
   improve diagnostic accuracy and avoid unnecessary antibiotic treatment (Linder et al.
   2005). Estimated economic costs of pediatric streptococcal pharyngitis in the United States
   range from $224 million to $539 million per year, including indirect costs related to
   parental work losses. At a higher level, the economic cost of antibiotic resistance vary
   but have extended as high as $20 billion in excess direct healthcare costs, with additional
   costs to society for lost productivity as high as $35 billion a year (2008 dollars) (Roberts
   et al. 2009)."/> 
  <clinicalRecommendationStatement value="The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) &quot;recommends swabbing the throat
   and testing for GAS pharyngitis by rapid antigen detection test (RADT) and/or culture
   because the clinical features alone do not reliably discriminate between GAS and viral
   pharyngitis except when overt viral features like rhinorrhea, cough, oral ulcers, and/or
   hoarseness are present&quot;"/> 
  <improvementNotation> 
    <coding> 
      <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/measure-improvement-notation"/> 
      <code value="increase"/> 
    </coding> 
  </improvementNotation> 
  <guidance value="This is an episode of care measure that examines all eligible episodes for the patient
   during the measurement period. If the patient has more than one episode, include all episodes
   in the measure"/> 
  <group id="CMS146-group-1">
    <population> 
      <code> <coding> <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/measure-population"/> <code value="initial-population"/> </coding> </code> 
      <criteria> <language value="text/cql"/> <expression value="CMS146.InitialPopulation"/> </criteria> 
    </population> 
    <population> 
      <code> <coding> <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/measure-population"/> <code value="numerator"/> </coding> </code> 
      <criteria> <language value="text/cql"/> <expression value="CMS146.Numerator"/> </criteria> 
    </population> 
    <population> 
      <code> <coding> <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/measure-population"/> <code value="denominator"/> </coding> </code> 
      <criteria> <language value="text/cql"/> <expression value="CMS146.Denominator"/> </criteria> 
    </population> 
    <population> 
      <code> <coding> <system value="http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/measure-population"/> <code value="denominator-exclusion"/> </coding> </code> 
      <criteria> <language value="text/cql"/> <expression value="CMS146.DenominatorExclusion"/> </criteria> 
    </population> 
    <stratifier> 
      <code> <text value="stratifier-ages-up-to-9"/> </code> 
      <criteria> <language value="text/cql"/> <expression value="CMS146.AgesUpToNine"/> </criteria> 
    </stratifier> 
    <stratifier> 
      <code> <text value="stratifier-ages-10-plus"/> </code> 
      <criteria> <language value="text/cql"/> <expression value="CMS146.AgesTenPlus"/> </criteria> 
    </stratifier> 
    <stratifier> 
      <code> <text value="stratifier-gender"/> </code> 
      <criteria> <language value="text/fhirpath"/> <expression value="Patient.gender"/> </criteria> 
    </stratifier> 
  </group> 
  <supplementalData> 
    <code> <text value="supplemental-data-gender"/> </code> 
    <criteria> <language value="text/fhirpath"/> <expression value="Patient.gender"/> </criteria> 
  </supplementalData> 
  <supplementalData> 
    <code> <text value="supplemental-data-deceased"/> </code> 
    <criteria> <language value="text/fhirpath"/> <expression value="deceasedBoolean"/> </criteria> 
  </supplementalData> 
</Measure>