This page is part of the FHIR Specification (v1.8.0: STU 3 Draft). The current version which supercedes this version is 5.0.0. For a full list of available versions, see the Directory of published versions . Page versions: R5 R4B R4 R3
ShEx statement for library
PREFIX fhir: <http://hl7.org/fhir/> PREFIX fhirvs: <http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/> PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> BASE <http://hl7.org/fhir/shape/> start=@<Library> AND {fhir:nodeRole [fhir:treeRoot]} # Represents a library of quality improvement components <Library> CLOSED { a [fhir:Library]; fhir:nodeRole [fhir:treeRoot]?; fhir:Resource.id @<id>?; # Logical id of this artifact fhir:Resource.meta @<Meta>?; # Metadata about the resource fhir:Resource.implicitRules @<uri>?; # A set of rules under which this # content was created fhir:Resource.language @<code>?; # Language of the resource content fhir:DomainResource.text @<Narrative>?; # Text summary of the resource, for # human interpretation fhir:DomainResource.contained @<Resource>*; # Contained, inline Resources fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:modifierExtension @<Extension>*; # Extensions that cannot be ignored fhir:Library.url @<uri>?; # Logical uri to reference this # library (globally unique) fhir:Library.identifier @<Identifier>*; # Additional identifier for the # library fhir:Library.version @<string>?; # Business version of the library fhir:Library.name @<string>?; # Name for this library (Computer # friendly) fhir:Library.title @<string>?; # Name for this library (Human # friendly) fhir:Library.type @<CodeableConcept>; # logic-library | model-definition | # asset-collection | # module-definition fhir:Library.status @<code> AND {fhir:value @fhirvs:publication-status}; # draft | active | retired fhir:Library.experimental @<boolean>?; # If for testing purposes, not real # usage fhir:Library.date @<dateTime>?; # Date this was last changed fhir:Library.description @<markdown>?; # Natural language description of # the library fhir:Library.purpose @<markdown>?; # Why this library is defined fhir:Library.usage @<string>?; # Describes the clinical usage of # the library fhir:Library.approvalDate @<date>?; # When library approved by publisher fhir:Library.lastReviewDate @<date>?; # Last review date for the library fhir:Library.effectivePeriod @<Period>?; # The effective date range for the # library fhir:Library.useContext @<UsageContext>*; # Content intends to support these # contexts fhir:Library.jurisdiction @<CodeableConcept>*; # Intended jurisdiction for library # (if applicable) fhir:Library.topic @<CodeableConcept>*; # Descriptional topics for the # library fhir:Library.contributor @<Contributor>*; # A content contributor fhir:Library.publisher @<string>?; # Name of the publisher # (Organization or individual) fhir:Library.contact @<ContactDetail>*; # Contact details for the publisher fhir:Library.copyright @<markdown>?; # Use and/or publishing restrictions fhir:Library.relatedArtifact @<RelatedArtifact>*; # Related artifacts for the library fhir:Library.parameter @<ParameterDefinition>*; # Parameters defined by the library fhir:Library.dataRequirement @<DataRequirement>*; # Data requirements of the library fhir:Library.content @<Attachment>*; # The content of the library fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } #---------------------- Data Types ------------------- # Primitive Type dateTime <dateTime> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<id>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:value xsd:gYear OR xsd:gYearMonth OR xsd:date OR xsd:dateTime?; # Primitive value for dateTime fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Primitive Type date <date> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<id>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:value xsd:gYear OR xsd:gYearMonth OR xsd:date?; # Primitive value for date fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Metadata about a resource <Meta> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<string>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:Meta.versionId @<id>?; # Version specific identifier fhir:Meta.lastUpdated @<instant>?; # When the resource version last # changed fhir:Meta.profile @<uri>*; # Profiles this resource claims to # conform to fhir:Meta.security @<Coding>*; # Security Labels applied to this # resource fhir:Meta.tag @<Coding>*; # Tags applied to this resource fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Primitive Type code <code> CLOSED { fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:value xsd:string?; # Primitive value for code fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Primitive Type string <string> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<id>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:value xsd:string MAXLENGTH 1048576?; # Primitive value for string fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Base Resource <Resource> {a .+; fhir:Resource.id @<id>?; # Logical id of this artifact fhir:Resource.meta @<Meta>?; # Metadata about the resource fhir:Resource.implicitRules @<uri>?; # A set of rules under which this # content was created fhir:Resource.language @<code>?; # Language of the resource content fhir:index xsd:integer? } # Time range defined by start and end date/time <Period> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<string>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:Period.start @<dateTime>?; # Starting time with inclusive # boundary fhir:Period.end @<dateTime>?; # End time with inclusive boundary, # if not ongoing fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Contributor information <Contributor> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<string>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:Contributor.type @<code> AND {fhir:value @fhirvs:contributor-type}; # author | editor | reviewer | # endorser fhir:Contributor.name @<string>; # Name of the contributor fhir:Contributor.contact @<ContactDetail>*; # Contact details of the contributor fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Content in a format defined elsewhere <Attachment> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<string>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:Attachment.contentType @<code>?; # Mime type of the content, with # charset etc. fhir:Attachment.language @<code>?; # Human language of the content # (BCP-47) fhir:Attachment.data @<base64Binary>?; # Data inline, base64ed fhir:Attachment.url @<uri>?; # Uri where the data can be found fhir:Attachment.size @<unsignedInt>?; # Number of bytes of content (if url # provided) fhir:Attachment.hash @<base64Binary>?; # Hash of the data (sha-1, base64ed) fhir:Attachment.title @<string>?; # Label to display in place of the # data fhir:Attachment.creation @<dateTime>?; # Date attachment was first created fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Describes a required data item <DataRequirement> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<string>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:DataRequirement.type @<code> AND {fhir:value @fhirvs:all-types}; # The type of the required data fhir:DataRequirement.profile @<uri>*; # The profile of the required data fhir:DataRequirement.mustSupport @<string>*; # Indicates that specific structure # elements are referenced by the # knowledge module fhir:DataRequirement.codeFilter @<DataRequirement.codeFilter>*; # Code filters for the data fhir:DataRequirement.dateFilter @<DataRequirement.dateFilter>*; # Date filters for the data fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Related artifacts for a knowledge resource <RelatedArtifact> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<string>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:RelatedArtifact.type @<code> AND {fhir:value @fhirvs:related-artifact-type}; # documentation | justification | # citation | predecessor | successor # | derived-from | depends-on | # composed-of fhir:RelatedArtifact.display @<string>?; # Brief description of the related # artifact fhir:RelatedArtifact.citation @<string>?; # Bibliographic citation for the # artifact fhir:RelatedArtifact.url @<uri>?; # Url for the related artifact fhir:RelatedArtifact.document @<Attachment>?; # The related document fhir:RelatedArtifact.resource @<Reference>?; # The related resource fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Primitive Type uri <uri> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<id>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:value xsd:string?; # Primitive value for uri fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } <Extension> {fhir:extension @<Extension>*; fhir:index xsd:integer? } # Contact information <ContactDetail> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<string>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:ContactDetail.name @<string>?; # Name of an individual to contact fhir:ContactDetail.telecom @<ContactPoint>*; # Contact details for individual or # organization fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # An identifier intended for computation <Identifier> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<string>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:Identifier.use @<code> AND {fhir:value @fhirvs:identifier-use}?; # usual | official | temp | # secondary (If known) fhir:Identifier.type @<CodeableConcept>?; # Description of identifier fhir:Identifier.system @<uri>?; # The namespace for the identifier fhir:Identifier.value @<string>?; # The value that is unique fhir:Identifier.period @<Period>?; # Time period when id is/was valid # for use fhir:Identifier.assigner @<Reference>?; # Organization that issued id (may # be just text) fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Primitive Type boolean <boolean> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<id>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:value xsd:boolean?; # Primitive value for boolean fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # A human-readable formatted text, including images <Narrative> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<string>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:Narrative.status @<code> AND {fhir:value @fhirvs:narrative-status}; # generated | extensions | # additional | empty fhir:Narrative.div xsd:string; # Limited xhtml content fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Describes the context of use for a conformance or knowledge resource <UsageContext> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<string>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:UsageContext.code @<Coding>; # Type of context being specified ( # Value that defines the context fhir:UsageContext.valueCodeableConcept @<CodeableConcept> | fhir:UsageContext.valueQuantity @<Quantity> | fhir:UsageContext.valueRange @<Range> ); fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Primitive Type markdown <markdown> CLOSED { fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:value xsd:string?; # Primitive value for markdown fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Primitive Type id <id> CLOSED { fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:value xsd:string?; # Primitive value for id fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Concept - reference to a terminology or just text <CodeableConcept> CLOSED { fhir:concept IRI*; fhir:Element.id @<string>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:CodeableConcept.coding @<Coding>*; # Code defined by a terminology # system fhir:CodeableConcept.text @<string>?; # Plain text representation of the # concept fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Definition of a parameter to a module <ParameterDefinition> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<string>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:ParameterDefinition.name @<code>?; # Parameter name fhir:ParameterDefinition.use @<code> AND {fhir:value @fhirvs:operation-parameter-use}; # input | output fhir:ParameterDefinition.min @<integer>?; # Minimum cardinality fhir:ParameterDefinition.max @<string>?; # Maximum cardinality (a number of *) fhir:ParameterDefinition.documentation @<string>?; # A brief description of the # parameter fhir:ParameterDefinition.type @<code> AND {fhir:value @fhirvs:all-types}; # Type for the parameter fhir:ParameterDefinition.profile @<Reference>?; # The profile of the parameter, any fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Primitive Type integer <integer> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<id>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:value xsd:int MININCLUSIVE "-2147483648"^^xsd:int MAXINCLUSIVE "2147483647"^^xsd:int?; # Primitive value for integer fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Primitive Type instant <instant> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<id>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:value xsd:dateTime?; # Primitive value for instant fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Details of a Technology mediated contact point (phone, fax, email, etc.) <ContactPoint> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<string>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:ContactPoint.system @<code> AND {fhir:value @fhirvs:contact-point-system}?; # phone | fax | email | pager | url # | other fhir:ContactPoint.value @<string>?; # The actual contact point details fhir:ContactPoint.use @<code> AND {fhir:value @fhirvs:contact-point-use}?; # home | work | temp | old | mobile # - purpose of this contact point fhir:ContactPoint.rank @<positiveInt>?; # Specify preferred order of use (1 # = highest) fhir:ContactPoint.period @<Period>?; # Time period when the contact point # was/is in use fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # A reference to a code defined by a terminology system <Coding> CLOSED { fhir:concept IRI?; fhir:Element.id @<string>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:Coding.system @<uri>?; # Identity of the terminology system fhir:Coding.version @<string>?; # Version of the system - if relevant fhir:Coding.code @<code>?; # Symbol in syntax defined by the # system fhir:Coding.display @<string>?; # Representation defined by the # system fhir:Coding.userSelected @<boolean>?; # If this coding was chosen directly # by the user fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # A reference from one resource to another <Reference> CLOSED { fhir:link IRI?; fhir:Element.id @<string>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:Reference.reference @<string>?; # Literal reference, Relative, # internal or absolute URL fhir:Reference.identifier @<Identifier>?; # Logical reference, when literal # reference is not known fhir:Reference.display @<string>?; # Text alternative for the resource fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # A measured or measurable amount <Quantity> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<string>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:Quantity.value @<decimal>?; # Numerical value (with implicit # precision) fhir:Quantity.comparator @<code> AND {fhir:value @fhirvs:quantity-comparator}?; # < | <= | >= | > - how to # understand the value fhir:Quantity.unit @<string>?; # Unit representation fhir:Quantity.system @<uri>?; # System that defines coded unit form fhir:Quantity.code @<code>?; # Coded form of the unit fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Set of values bounded by low and high <Range> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<string>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:Range.low @<SimpleQuantity>?; # Low limit fhir:Range.high @<SimpleQuantity>?; # High limit fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Primitive Type base64Binary <base64Binary> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<id>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:value xsd:base64Binary?; # Primitive value for base64Binary fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Primitive Type unsignedInt <unsignedInt> CLOSED { fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:value xsd:nonNegativeInteger?; # Primitive value for unsignedInt fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Primitive Type positiveInt <positiveInt> CLOSED { fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:value xsd:positiveInteger?; # Primitive value for positiveInt fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # A fixed quantity (no comparator) <SimpleQuantity> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<string>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:Quantity.value @<decimal>?; # Numerical value (with implicit # precision) fhir:Quantity.unit @<string>?; # Unit representation fhir:Quantity.system @<uri>?; # System that defines coded unit form fhir:Quantity.code @<code>?; # Coded form of the unit fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Primitive Type decimal <decimal> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<id>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:value xsd:decimal?; # Primitive value for decimal fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Date filters for the data <DataRequirement.dateFilter> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<string>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:DataRequirement.dateFilter.path @<string>; # The date-valued attribute of the # filter ( # The value of the filter, as a # Period, DateTime, or Duration # value fhir:DataRequirement.dateFilter.valueDateTime @<dateTime> | fhir:DataRequirement.dateFilter.valuePeriod @<Period> | fhir:DataRequirement.dateFilter.valueDuration @<Duration> )?; fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # Code filters for the data <DataRequirement.codeFilter> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<string>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:DataRequirement.codeFilter.path @<string>; # The code-valued attribute of the # filter ( # Valueset for the filter fhir:DataRequirement.codeFilter.valueSetString @<string> | fhir:DataRequirement.codeFilter.valueSetReference @<Reference> )?; fhir:DataRequirement.codeFilter.valueCode @<code>*; # Code value of the filter fhir:DataRequirement.codeFilter.valueCoding @<Coding>*; # Coding value of the filter fhir:DataRequirement.codeFilter.valueCodeableConcept @<CodeableConcept>*; # CodeableConcept value of the filter fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } # A length of time <Duration> CLOSED { fhir:Element.id @<string>?; # xml:id (or equivalent in JSON) fhir:extension @<Extension>*; # Additional Content defined by # implementations fhir:Quantity.value @<decimal>?; # Numerical value (with implicit # precision) fhir:Quantity.comparator @<code> AND {fhir:value @fhirvs:quantity-comparator}?; # < | <= | >= | > - how to # understand the value fhir:Quantity.unit @<string>?; # Unit representation fhir:Quantity.system @<uri>?; # System that defines coded unit form fhir:Quantity.code @<code>?; # Coded form of the unit fhir:index xsd:integer? # Relative position in a list } #---------------------- Reference Types ------------------- #---------------------- Value Sets ------------------------ # Either an abstract type, a resource or a data type. fhirvs:all-types ["Address" "Age" "Annotation" "Attachment" "BackboneElement" "CodeableConcept" "Coding" "ContactDetail" "ContactPoint" "Contributor" "Count" "DataRequirement" "Distance" "DosageInstruction" "Duration" "Element" "ElementDefinition" "Extension" "HumanName" "Identifier" "Meta" "Money" "Narrative" "ParameterDefinition" "Period" "Quantity" "Range" "Ratio" "Reference" "RelatedArtifact" "SampledData" "Signature" "SimpleQuantity" "Timing" "TriggerDefinition" "UsageContext" "base64Binary" "boolean" "code" "date" "dateTime" "decimal" "id" "instant" "integer" "markdown" "oid" "positiveInt" "string" "time" "unsignedInt" "uri" "uuid" "xhtml" "Account" "ActivityDefinition" "AllergyIntolerance" "Appointment" "AppointmentResponse" "AuditEvent" "Basic" "Binary" "BodySite" "Bundle" "CapabilityStatement" "CarePlan" "CareTeam" "Claim" "ClaimResponse" "ClinicalImpression" "CodeSystem" "Communication" "CommunicationRequest" "CompartmentDefinition" "Composition" "ConceptMap" "Condition" "Consent" "Contract" "Coverage" "DataElement" "DetectedIssue" "Device" "DeviceComponent" "DeviceMetric" "DeviceUseRequest" "DeviceUseStatement" "DiagnosticReport" "DiagnosticRequest" "DocumentManifest" "DocumentReference" "DomainResource" "EligibilityRequest" "EligibilityResponse" "Encounter" "Endpoint" "EnrollmentRequest" "EnrollmentResponse" "EpisodeOfCare" "ExpansionProfile" "ExplanationOfBenefit" "FamilyMemberHistory" "Flag" "Goal" "Group" "GuidanceResponse" "HealthcareService" "ImagingManifest" "ImagingStudy" "Immunization" "ImmunizationRecommendation" "ImplementationGuide" "Library" "Linkage" "List" "Location" "Measure" "MeasureReport" "Media" "Medication" "MedicationAdministration" "MedicationDispense" "MedicationRequest" "MedicationStatement" "MessageDefinition" "MessageHeader" "NamingSystem" "NutritionRequest" "Observation" "OperationDefinition" "OperationOutcome" "Organization" "Parameters" "Patient" "PaymentNotice" "PaymentReconciliation" "Person" "PlanDefinition" "Practitioner" "PractitionerRole" "Procedure" "ProcedureRequest" "ProcessRequest" "ProcessResponse" "Provenance" "Questionnaire" "QuestionnaireResponse" "ReferralRequest" "RelatedPerson" "RequestGroup" "ResearchStudy" "ResearchSubject" "Resource" "RiskAssessment" "Schedule" "SearchParameter" "Sequence" "ServiceDefinition" "Slot" "Specimen" "StructureDefinition" "StructureMap" "Subscription" "Substance" "SupplyDelivery" "SupplyRequest" "Task" "TestReport" "TestScript" "ValueSet" "VisionPrescription" "Type" "Any"] # The lifecycle status of a Value Set or Concept Map. fhirvs:publication-status ["draft" "active" "retired"] # Whether an operation parameter is an input or an output parameter. fhirvs:operation-parameter-use ["in" "out"] # The type of contributor fhirvs:contributor-type ["author" "editor" "reviewer" "endorser"] # How the Quantity should be understood and represented. fhirvs:quantity-comparator ["<" "<=" ">=" ">"] # The status of a resource narrative fhirvs:narrative-status ["generated" "extensions" "additional" "empty"] # Telecommunications form for contact point fhirvs:contact-point-system ["phone" "fax" "email" "pager" "url" "other"] # Identifies the purpose for this identifier, if known . fhirvs:identifier-use ["usual" "official" "temp" "secondary"] # The type of relationship to the related artifact fhirvs:related-artifact-type ["documentation" "justification" "citation" "predecessor" "successor" "derived-from" "depends-on" "composed-of"] # Use of contact point fhirvs:contact-point-use ["home" "work" "temp" "old" "mobile"]
Usage note: every effort has been made to ensure that the ShEx files are correct and useful, but they are not a normative part of the specification.