A structured set of questions intended to guide the collection of answers. The questions are ordered and grouped into coherent subsets, corresponding to the structure of the grouping of the underlying questions.

To support structured, hierarchical registration of data gathered using digital forms and other questionnaires.

This records identifiers associated with this question set that are defined by business processed and/ or used to refer to it when a direct URL reference to the resource itself is not appropriate (e.g. in CDA documents, or in written / printed documentation).

Need to allow connection to a wider workflow.

The version number assigned by the publisher for business reasons. It may remain the same when the resource is updated.

In some cases, separate resource instances might be created for each version (if an older version can be maintained once a new version exists).

The lifecycle status of the questionnaire as a whole.

The date that this questionnaire was last changed.

Organization or person responsible for developing and maintaining the questionnaire.

Conveys responsibility for the questions and their organization and also helps evaluate the questionnaire's "authority".

Contact details to assist a user in finding and communicating with the publisher.

Identifies the types of subjects that can be the subject of the questionnaire.

If none are specified, then the subject is unlimited.

A collection of related questions (or further groupings of questions).

Need to be able to logically group answers to grouped questions.

The Questionnaire itself has one "root" group with the actual contents of the Questionnaire. Information on this root group applies to the questionnaire as a whole.

An identifier that is unique within the questionnaire allowing linkage to the equivalent group in a QuestionnaireResponse resource.

QuestionnaireResponse does not require omitted groups to be included and may have some groups that repeat, so linkage based on position alone is not sufficient.

May be omitted if there is no expectation to link answers back to a questionnaire. This can be a meaningful id (e.g. a LOINC code) but is not intended to have any meaning. GUIDs or sequential numbers are appropriate here.

The human-readable name for this section of the questionnaire.

When including text for the questionnaire with the answers, sections may have a section header.

The title of the "root" group is the title for the questionnaire.

Identifies a how this group of questions is known in a particular terminology such as LOINC.

Allows linking of groups of questions (and complete questionnaires) to formal terminologies.

The code(s) for the "root" group apply to the questionnaire as a whole.

Additional text for the group, used for display purposes.

When including text for the questionnaire, each section may contain additional explanations are background text.

Common extensions are defined for more specialized types of display text.

If true, indicates that the group must be present and have required questions within it answered. If false, the group may be skipped when answering the questionnaire.

Whether the group may occur multiple times in the instance, containing multiple sets of answers.

Groups may be used to create set of (related) questions that can be repeated to give multiple answers to such a set.

A sub-group within a group. The ordering of groups within this group is relevant.

Reports can consist of complex nested groups.

Set of questions within this group. The order of questions within the group is relevant.

Must register answers to questions.

An identifier that is unique within the questionnaire allowing linkage to the equivalent group in a QuestionnaireResponse resource.

QuestionnaireResponse does not require omitted groups to be included and may have some groups that repeat, so linkage based on position alone is not sufficient.

May be omitted if there is no expectation to link answers back to a questionnaire. This can be a meaningful id (e.g. a LOINC code) but is not intended to have any meaning. GUIDs or sequential numbers are appropriate here.

Identifies a how this question is known in a particular terminology such as LOINC.

Allows linking of questions (and their answers) to formal terminologies.

The actual question as shown to the user to prompt them for an answer.

When including text for the questionnaire, each question may contain its actual question display text.

Common extensions are defined for more specialized types of display text.

The expected format of the answer, e.g. the type of input (string, integer) or whether a (multiple) choice is expected.

Defines the format in which the user is to be prompted for the answer.

Additional constraints on the type of answer can be conveyed by extensions.

If true, indicates that the question must be answered and have required groups within it also present. If false, the question and any contained groups may be skipped when answering the questionnaire.

If true, the question may have more than one answer.

Used for "check all that apply" types of questions or "list your top 3", etc.

Whether the question itself will be displayed for each answer is a rendering choice typically based on whether there are nested groups.

Reference to a valueset containing the a list of codes representing permitted answers for the question.

LOINC defines many useful value sets for questionnaire response. See LOINC Answer Lists.

For a "choice" question, identifies one of the permitted answers for the question.

Nested group, containing nested question for this question. The order of groups within the question is relevant.

It is useful to have "sub-questions", questions which normally appear when certain answers are given and which collect additional details.